Malaysia-Japan Model on Technology Partnership (eBook)

Foreword 6
Preface 8
Contents 10
MJASC 2013 CommitteeInternational Advisory Board Member 16
Part I: Science and Technology 19
The Investigation of Zinc-Rich Paint (ZRP) Behavior in NaCl Solution by Electrochemical Methods 20
1 Introduction 20
2 Experimental 21
2.1 The Preparation of Samples 21
2.2 Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurement 21
3 Results and Discussion 21
3.1 Polarization Measurements 21
3.2 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy EIS 22
3.3 Conclusions 23
References 24
An Investigation on Performance of 2D Simulated Fuel Cells Using Taguchi Method 25
1 Introduction 25
2 Literature Review 26
3 Modeling and Methodology 27
3.1 Proton and Electron Transport Balance 27
3.2 Modeling for Anode and Cathode 28
3.3 Porous Media Transport Balance 29
3.4 Design of Experiment 29
4 Results and Discussions 32
4.1 Data Gathering and Analysis for Fuel Cells 32
4.2 Analysis of Mean (ANOM) 32
4.3 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 32
4.4 Validation of Taguchi Method 33
5 Conclusion 35
Nomenclatures 35
References 37
Application of Correction Line in Floated Particle Size Distribution Measurement Using the Buoyancy Weighing-Pan Method 38
1 Introduction 38
2 Theory 39
3 Experiments 41
3.1 Experimental Apparatus 41
3.2 Sample Particle 43
3.3 Experimental Conditions and Method 43
4 Results and Discussion 43
4.1 Glass Bubbles K37 43
4.2 Correction Line 45
5 Conclusions 47
Nomenclatures 47
References 48
Fine Pitch Wire Bonding with Insulated Cu Wire: Free Air Ball and Ball Bond 50
1 Introduction 50
2 Experimental 51
2.1 Insulation Characteristics 51
2.2 FAB Characteristics 52
2.3 Ball Bond 52
3 Results and Discussion 53
3.1 Insulation Characteristics 53
3.2 FAB Characteristics 54
3.2.1 FAB Roundness and Residue Analysis 54
Low-Power and High-Power Optical Scope Inspection 54
SEM Imaging 54
FIB Imaging 55
3.2.2 Energy to Form a FAB 56
3.3 Ball Formation 57
3.3.1 Bonding Parameters 57
3.3.2 Mechanical Test Results 58
3.3.3 Al Splash 59
3.3.4 IMC Test and Cratering 61
4 Conclusion 61
References 62
Effect of Red and Blue Lights on Photomorphogenesis in Brassica chinensis 63
1 Introduction 63
2 Material and Methods 64
2.1 Plant Material and Growth Conditions 64
2.2 Light Treatments 64
2.3 Plant Growth Measurements 65
2.4 Chlorophyll (chl) 65
2.5 Gas Exchange Measurements 65
2.6 Statistical Analysis 66
3 Results 66
3.1 Plant Growth and Morphology and Pigment Contents 66
3.1.1 Leaf Photosynthesis Rate 66
3.1.2 Leaf Transpiration Rate 67
3.1.3 Water-Use Efficiency (WUE) 68
3.1.4 Leaf Stomatal Conductance 68
4 Discussion 68
5 Conclusion 70
References 70
Quiet Standing of Time-Delay Stability with Derivative Feedback Control 73
1 Introduction 73
2 Delay as a Derivative Feedback 75
3 Quiet-Standing Case Study 77
4 Conclusion 83
References 83
Social Determinants of Psychiatric Morbidity Among Malaysian Children 85
1 Introduction 85
2 Method 86
3 Results 87
3.1 Sample Description 87
3.2 Prevalence 89
4 Discussion 94
5 Conclusion 96
References 96
Modelling Community Response for Ecological Significance Based on Laboratory Simulations of Variable Copper Exposure 98
1 Introduction 98
2 Materials and Methods 99
2.1 Sampling 99
2.2 Modelling of Community Responses 100
2.3 Model Diagnosis 101
3 Results 102
4 Discussion 105
5 Conclusion 109
References 109
Part II: Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering 111
Application of Integrated Fuzzy-AHP for Design Concept Evaluation: A Case Study on Mold Design Selection 112
1 Introduction 112
2 Proposed Method 113
2.1 Screening Process Using HOQ Method 115
2.2 Evaluation Process Using Fuzzy-AHP Method 115
2.3 Verification Process Using Rough-Grey Analysis 115
2.4 Case Example 116
3 Results and Discussions 116
3.1 Screening Using HOQ 116
3.2 Evaluation Using Fuzzy-AHP 117
3.3 Verification Using Rough-Grey Analysis 118
4 Conclusion 119
References 123
Numerical Modelling of Dry and Wet Steam Flows in Converging-Diverging Nozzles 125
1 Introduction 125
2 Governing Equations 126
3 Model Descriptions 127
4 Boundary Conditions 128
5 Result and Discussions 129
6 Conclusions 132
References 132
How Quality Engineering in Japan Affects Global Product Performance 134
1 Introduction 134
1.1 Taguchi Method 135
2 Methodology 137
2.1 QE Implementation in a Company 137
2.1.1 Engineering Tool for QE Methodology 137
2.2 QE Methodology in Practical Case Study 138
2.2.1 Ideal Function, P-Diagram, and Signal Strategy 138
2.2.2 Noise Strategy 139
2.2.3 Control Factor Selection 140
2.2.4 Orthogonal Array Selection 140
3 Results and Discussions 141
4 Conclusion 145
References 145
Developing a Heuristic Robotics Integrated Production Model for Economic Production Quantity in Mass Customization Manufacturi... 147
1 Introduction 147
2 EPQ: Classical vs. Customized Modeling 148
2.1 Theoretical Concept and Overview 148
2.2 Classical Mathematical Modeling 148
2.3 Customized EPQ Modeling 149
2.3.1 EPQ Customized with Maintenance Factors 149
2.3.2 EPQ Customized with Quality Factors 150
2.3.3 EPQ Customized with Shop Floor Mixed Factors 150
3 EPQ and Robotics Integrated Production 150
4 Solution: Ideal Function Modeling 151
5 Real Case Study: Plastic Injection Molding 152
6 Results and Analysis 152
7 Conclusion 153
References 154
Systematic Way for Problem Identification of Car Braking System by Using TRIZ 155
1 Introduction 155
2 Methodology 156
2.1 TRIZ Method 156
2.2 TRIZ Problem Identification 156
2.3 Braking Performance 157
3 Results 158
3.1 Original Problem to Resolve 158
3.2 Function Analysis 158
3.3 Cause and Effect Chain Analysis 159
4 Discussion 160
5 Conclusion 161
References 161
Part III: Social Sciences and Humanities 162
High-Performance Work System and Safety Performance 163
1 Introduction 163
2 Literature Review 164
2.1 High-Performance Work System 164
2.2 Safety Performance 165
3 Methodology 165
4 Findings and Discussions 166
4.1 Reliability and Validity Tests 166
4.2 Demographic Characteristics 166
4.3 Results from Pearson Correlation Analysis 168
4.4 Results from Multiple Regression Analysis 169
5 Conclusion 170
References 170
Determinant Factors of Insurance Demand by SMEs in Malaysia 172
1 Introduction 172
2 Objectives and Scope of the Study 173
2.1 Objectives of the Study 173
2.2 Scope and Method of the Study 173
3 Result and Analysis 174
3.1 Frequency Distribution 174
3.1.1 Coefficient of Correlation (R) 175
3.1.2 R Square (R2) 175
3.1.3 F-Stats 176
3.1.4 Regression Model 176
Premium Flexibility 176
Gender 177
Level of Education 177
4 Conclusion 178
4.1 Premium Flexibility 178
4.2 Level of Education 179
4.2.1 Gender 179
5 Recommendations 179
References 179
The Perceptions of Malaysians in a Japanese Company: A Case Study in Shimano Components (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. 181
1 Introduction 181
2 Company Selection 181
2.1 The Company 181
2.2 Company Organizational Structure 182
3 The Aim of Research 182
4 Methodology 183
4.1 Collection of Information 183
4.1.1 Semi-structured Interviews 183
5 Summary of Findings in Interviews 184
5.1 Interviewees´ Background 184
5.2 Interviewees´ Perception 184
5.2.1 An Attraction for Working 184
5.2.2 Reputation of Parent Company 184
5.2.3 Job Security 185
5.2.4 Communication with Japanese 185
5.2.5 Chain of Command and Transparency 185
5.2.6 Salary 185
5.2.7 Other Financial Benefits 186
5.2.8 Redress of Grievances 186
5.2.9 Labour Turnover 186
5.2.10 Perception of Japanese Colleagues 187
6 Discussion 187
6.1 Problem Arise 187
6.2 Strong and Secure Company 188
7 Recommendation 188
7.1 Japanese/Malay (Bahasa Melayu)/English Course 188
7.2 Top Management Decision-Making 188
7.3 Job Satisfaction 189
7.4 Develop a Training Program 189
7.5 Standardization of Payment 189
8 Conclusion 189
References 190
A Conceptual Model Towards Information Security Culture in Health Informatics 191
1 Introduction 191
2 Information Security 193
2.1 Human Factor 193
2.2 Organizational Factor 193
2.3 Technological Factor 194
3 Organizational Culture Model 194
4 Health Informatics 194
4.1 Health Belief Model 195
5 Related Work of Information Security Culture in Health Informatics 196
6 Research Methodology 196
7 Model Development 197
8 Conclusion 198
References 199
Media Conversion of Paralinguistic and Nonlinguistic Speech Information into Animated Texts for Foreign Language Learning 201
1 Introduction 201
2 Conversion of Speech Attributes into Text Attributes 202
3 Outline of the Proposed System 203
4 Evaluation Experiment 204
4.1 Experimental Conditions 204
4.2 Animated Text Design 204
4.3 Evaluation Results and Discussion 205
5 Conclusion 207
References 207
Analysis of Pancreatic Tissue Injury Caused by Ultrasonically Activated Devices 208
1 Introduction 208
2 Materials and Methods 209
2.1 Ultrasonically Activated Device 209
2.2 Animal Experiment and Analysis 209
3 Results 210
4 Discussion 213
5 Conclusions 215
References 215
The Integration of the Kano Model and SERVQUAL into the House of Quality for Developing Occupational Safety and Health Trainin... 216
1 Introduction 216
2 Literature Review 217
2.1 Kano Model 217
2.2 SERVQUAL 218
2.3 Quality Function Deployment (QFD)/House of Quality (HOQ) 218
2.4 Kirkpatrick´s Evaluation Model 219
2.5 Occupational Safety and Health 220
3 Research Outcome 220
4 Conclusions 223
5 Research Frameworks 224
References 225
An Urgent Need for Policy Change: Reform in Curriculum and Practice Through Values-Based Pedagogies and Cooperative Learning i... 227
1 Introduction 227
1.1 Integrated Curriculum: Still a Remote Possibility 228
2 Why Values-Based Education for Sustainability? 229
2.1 Few Pedagogies Used Globally 229
2.2 Values-Based Education for Enhancement in Personal and Community Experiences with Science, Technology and Social Issues 229
3 Pedagogical Implications for Sustainable Education in Multiethnic and Multicultural Asian Regions 230
3.1 Why Values-Based Education for the Environment for Asia? 230
3.2 A Need to Include Assessment for Values-Based Sustainable Education in the Curriculum 232
4 Conclusion 234
References 234
Part IV: Electronic and Computer Engineering 236
The Effects of Doping Bismuth on the Thermoelectric Properties of Zn4Sb3 237
1 Introduction 237
2 Experimental Procedures 238
3 Results and Discussion 239
4 Conclusions 241
References 241
Study of Transmission and Reflection Characteristics of Microstrip Line During Application of Noise Suppression Sheet by Adhes... 242
1 Introduction 242
2 Transmission and Reflection Characteristics of Microstrip Lines with Integrated Noise Suppression Sheet and Adhesive 243
2.1 Simulations 243
2.1.1 Simulation Model 243
2.1.2 Simulation Results 244
2.2 Experiment 246
2.2.1 Measurement System 246
2.2.2 Experimental Results 246
2.3 Discussions 247
3 Conclusion 249
References 249
An Improved VEPSO Algorithm for Multi-objective Optimisation Problems 251
1 Introduction 251
2 Multi-objective Optimisation 252
3 Particle Swarm Optimisation 253
3.1 Original Particle Swarm Optimisation Algorithm 253
3.2 Vector Evaluated Particle Swarm Optimisation Algorithm 254
3.3 The Improved VEPSO Algorithm 254
4 Experiments 256
4.1 Performance Measure 256
4.2 Test Problems 256
4.3 Evaluation of VEPSO Algorithms 256
5 Conclusions 259
References 260
Electrical and Photoluminescence Study of Undoped CuGaSe2 Single Crystal Thin Film 262
1 Introduction 262
2 Thin Film Preparation 263
3 Results and Discussion 264
4 Conclusion 265
References 267
Challenges in Adopting Cloud Computing for Automation Process Controller in Manufacturing 268
1 Introduction 268
2 Definition of Cloud Computing 269
3 Process Controller Application 270
4 Challenges to Adopt Process Controller into Cloud 271
4.1 Performance Issue 271
4.2 Security 272
4.3 Availability 273
4.4 Interoperability and Standardization 274
4.5 Power Consumption 275
5 Conclusion 276
6 Future Research Direction 276
References 278
Face Recognition Human-Machine Comparison Under Heavy Lighting 280
1 Introduction 280
2 Dataset 281
2.1 Representation 281
3 Eigenfaces (PCA/SVD) 282
3.1 Computation Speed Enhancement 283
3.2 Application of the Algorithm to the Test Set 283
3.3 Examples of False Recognition 284
4 Fisherfaces 285
5 Speculation 286
References 286
Design of Passive Mark for Mobile Robot Navigation Purpose 288
1 Introduction 288
2 Hardware Design 289
3 Algorithm Design 289
4 Graphical User Interface for Mobile Robot 293
5 Results and Discussions 294
6 Conclusions 295
References 295
Changes of Coastline: A Study Case of Carey Island-Morib Coast, Selangor, Malaysia 297
1 Introduction 297
2 Methodology and Research Background 299
3 Research Result and Discussion 300
4 Conclusion 304
References 305
Assessing the Condition of Buried Pipe Using Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) 306
1 Introduction 306
2 Basic Principles of GPR 307
3 Research Methodology 308
4 Results and Discussion 310
5 Conclusion 313
References 313
Evaluation of Palm Decanter Cake as an Alternative Fish Feed 315
1 Introduction 315
2 Materials and Methods 316
2.1 Sample of Decanter Cake 316
2.2 Crude Fish Gut Enzyme Preparation 316
2.3 Proximate Analysis 316
2.4 Determination of In Vitro Protein Digestibility 317
3 Results and Discussion 317
3.1 Chemical Composition 317
3.2 In Vitro Protein Digestibility 318
4 Conclusions 319
References 319
Human Head Pose Estimation and Its Application in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Control 321
1 Introduction 321
2 Design Considerations 322
3 CLM-Based Facial Feature Tracking 323
4 Actual Implementation 326
5 Experiment Results 327
6 Applications 328
7 Conclusion 330
References 330
Japan and US Smart Grid Effort? A Case Study 331
1 Introduction 331
2 Japan and US Smart Grid Movement 332
2.1 Japan Photovoltaic System 333
2.2 Comparison of Japanese and US Energy Sources 335
3 Conclusion 336
References 336
Threat to Individuals´ Privacy in the Era of Social Networking: A Case Study of Facebook 338
1 Introduction 338
2 Facebook´s Privacy Policy and Its Interactions with the Australian Privacy Law 339
2.1 Information We Receive and How It Is Used 339
2.2 Sharing and Finding You on Facebook 339
2.3 Sharing with Other Websites and Applications 340
2.4 How Advertising Works 340
2.5 Some Other Things You Need to Know 340
2.6 Conclusion 341
3 Facebook Features: Privacy Risks 341
3.1 Public Search 342
3.2 Timeline 342
4 Australian Privacy Laws and the Shortcomings in Social Networks´ Privacy Practices 342
4.1 Federal Law: Privacy Act 1988 342
4.2 National Privacy Principles 343
5 Conclusion 344
References 344
Part V: Green Technology 346
Modelling of the Output Power from a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Using the Artificial Neural Network 347
1 Introduction 347
2 Artificial Neural Network 348
2.1 Multilayer Feedforward Neural Network 348
2.2 Experimental Models 350
2.3 Training and Testing 350
3 Data Collection 351
4 Results and Discussions 352
5 Conclusion 353
References 353
Basic Research on the TiO2 Electrode and the Coloring Effect of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell 355
1 Introduction 355
2 Experimental Procedure 356
2.1 Examined Materials 356
2.2 Preparation Method 356
2.2.1 Preparation of Cathode Electrode (TiO2 Paste) 356
2.2.2 Preparation of Anode Electrode (Carbon) 357
2.2.3 Preparation of Dye-Sensitized Solution 357
Anthocyanins (Blueberry) 357
2.2.4 DSSC Assembling 357
3 Results and Discussion 357
3.1 Thickness 357
3.2 Thickness and Effect of Dye 358
3.2.1 Suitable Condition For Dye (Blueberry) Absorption 359
4 Conclusion 359
References 359
An Experimental Study on Bioclimatic Design of Vertical Greenery Systems in the Tropical Climate 361
1 Introduction 361
2 Literature Review 362
2.1 Temperature Reduction by Vegetation 363
2.2 Humidity Increase by Evapotranspiration 363
3 Methodology 364
4 Findings and Discussion 365
4.1 Temperature 365
4.2 Relative Humidity 366
5 Conclusion 366
References 367
The Adoption of Green Manufacturing Practices in Furniture Firms 369
1 Introduction 369
2 Methodology 370
3 Results and Discussion 370
3.1 Reluctance in Pursuing Green Processes 370
3.2 The Willingness of Firms in Pursuing Green Management 371
3.3 Guidance for Firms to Adopt Green Manufacturing Practices 372
4 Conclusion 373
References 374
Part VI: Invited Papers 377
Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI) of the International Medical University (IMU), Malaysia 378
1 Introduction 378
2 Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI): Roles and Functional Structure 380
2.1 Centre for Bioactive Molecules and Drug Discovery (BMDD) 381
2.2 Centre for Environmental and Population Health Research 382
2.3 Centre for Cancer and Stem Cell Research 383
2.4 Centre for Health Professional Education Research 384
2.5 Commercialisation and Support Arm 384
3 Concluding Remarks 385
References 386
The Roles of the Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), UniMAP in NCER: From Nanotechnology Perspectives 387
1 Introduction 387
2 Establishment History and Background 389
3 Laboratory Facilities 390
4 Postgraduate Programs and Research Focus Areas 391
5 Research Achievement and Collaboration with National and International Partners 392
6 Impact to NCER 393
6.1 Society 393
6.2 Research and Education 394
6.3 Economy 395
6.4 Future Plan 395
7 Conclusion 397
References 397
OER in Action: Case Study of Wawasan Open University 399
1 Introduction 399
2 Adoption of OER in Course Development 400
3 Issues Surrounding OER Adoption for Course Development 401
4 Conclusion 404
References 404
Lead Initiatives on Teaching and Learning in Malaysian Higher Education Institutions 405
1 Introduction 405
2 Research Cases 406
2.1 Study One 406
2.2 Study Two 406
3 Implications 407
4 Conclusion: Leading the Way Forward 407
References 408