Optimal Design of Complex Mechanical Systems (eBook)

Preface 6
Acknowledgements 8
Contents 9
List of Figures 16
List of Tables 23
Acronyms 26
List of Symbols 28
Notations 29
Operators 30
Chapter 1 30
Chapter 3 30
Chapter 5 31
Chapter 6 31
Chapter 7 32
Chapter 8 33
Chapter 10 35
Chapter 11 36
Chapter 12 36
Subscripts 38
Chapter 13 39
Part I Theory 40
1 Introduction to the Optimal Design of Complex Mechanical Systems 41
1.1 On the Optimal Design of Complex Systems 41
1.2 Finding the Pareto-optimal Sets 50
1.3 Understanding Pareto-optimal Solutions 59
2 Engineering Design and Optimal Design of Complex Mechanical Systems: Definitions 63
2.1 Engineering Design 63
2.2 Optimal Design of Complex Mechanical Systems 66
2.3 Complex Systems 68
2.4 System Models 69
2.5 System Performances, Criteria, Objective Functions 70
2.6 System Parameters, Design Variables 71
2.7 Constraints 71
2.8 Space of Design Variables, Space of Objective Functions 72
2.9 Feasible Design Variables Domain, Design Solution 72
2.10 Multi-objective Programming (MOP) 72
2.11 Decomposition of Design Problems 82
3 Multi-objective Optimisation 84
3.1 Methods to Solve Multi-objective Programming ( MOP) Problems 84
3.2 Pareto-optimal Set Generation Methods 85
3.3 Global Sensitivity Analysis 87
3.4 Pareto-optimal Set Computation 93
3.5 Design Synthesis – Choosing a Final Design Solution 120
3.6 Interactive Methods 126
3.7 Symbolical Derivation of PO Sets 132
3.8 Illustrating the Pareto-optimal Set 134
4 Global Approximation 136
4.1 Global Approximation Techniques 137
4.2 Training Data Generation 138
4.3 Selection of the Global Approximation Model and Fitting of the Model to the Generated Data 139
4.4 Least Squares Regression Polynomial Approximation 141
4.5 Kriging Interpolating Models 143
4.6 Artificial Neural Networks 143
Part II Applications 156
5 Optimal Ride Comfort and Active Safety of Road Vehicles 157
5.1 System Model of a Passively Suspended Vehicle 158
5.2 Passively Suspended Vehicle System Optimisation 168
5.3 System Model of an Actively Suspended Road Vehicle 178
5.4 Actively Suspended Vehicle System Optimisation 183
5.5 Conclusion 193
5.6 Appendix: Tabulated Values of the Integral Form 194
6 Optimal Handling and Active Safety of Road Vehicles 195
6.1 System Model 196
6.2 Results of the Optimisation 209
6.3 Validation 218
6.4 Conclusion 223
7 Optimal Design of the Tyre-Suspension System of a Racing Car 226
7.1 System Model 227
7.2 Design Variables 229
7.3 Running Situations and Objective Functions 234
7.4 Search Method 238
7.5 Results 240
7.6 Conclusion 247
8 Integrated Controls for the Improvement of Ride, Comfort, Handling and Active Safety of Road Vehicles 250
8.1 System Models and Reference Driving Situations 251
8.2 Numerical Application 258
8.3 Conclusions 278
9 Optimal Design of a Double-Cone Synchroniser 279
9.1 Synchroniser System Model 280
9.2 Formulation of the Design Problem for the Optimisation of a Synchroniser 283
9.3 Method for the Optimal Design of a Synchroniser 287
9.4 Optimal Design of a Synchroniser 292
9.5 Conclusion 294
10 Optimal Design of the Suspension System of Railway Vehicles 297
10.1 System Model 297
10.2 Validation 308
10.3 Parameter Sensitivity Analysis 310
10.4 Conclusion 317
11 Optimal Design of the Layout of Railway Passenger Vehicles 318
11.1 Design Aims and Related Objective Functions 319
11.2 Design Variables to Be Tuned 321
11.3 Constraints 321
11.4 Objective Functions 323
11.5 Analysis and Choice of Preferred Optimal Solutions 329
11.6 Conclusion 334
12 Optimal Design of Helical Spring 336
12.1 Fundamentals of Optimal Design of Helical Springs and Tubular Helical Springs 337
12.2 Composite Tubular Spring Models 341
12.3 Model Validation 351
12.4 Numerical Application 354
12.5 Conclusions 361
12.6 Appendix: Analytical Expression of Critical Load 362
13 Interactive Optimisation of a Flywheel 364
13.1 System Model 365
13.2 Objective Functions 367
13.3 Design Variables 368
13.4 Results 369
References 376
Index 388