Complex Systems Design & Management (eBook)

Title 1
Preface 4
Conference Organization 6
Contents 10
Elements of Interaction 20
Introduction 21
Interaction Centric Concurrency 24
An Overview of Reo 28
Examples 31
Alternator 32
Sequencer 33
Exclusive Router 34
Shift-Lossy FIFO1 35
Dataflow Variable 35
Decoupled Alternating Producers and Consumer 36
Flexibility 37
Semantics 37
Timed Data Streams 37
Constraint Automata 39
Connector Coloring 39
Other Models 40
Tools 41
Concluding Remarks 42
References 43
Enterprise Architecture as Language 48
On the Verge of Major Business Re-Engineering 48
Nothing so Practical as Good Theory 49
Architecture Out of Control 51
Enterprise Architecture as a Language Problem 53
GEM: A Language for Enterprise Modeling 54
The Repository of Enterprise Models 58
Progress to Date 63
Lessons Learned 64
References 66
Real-Time Animation for Formal Specification 67
Introduction 67
Overview of Brama 69
Description of the Architecture 70
Applications and Case Studies 72
Conclusion and Future Work 76
References 78
Using Simulink Design Verifier for Proving Behavioral Properties on a Complex Safety Critical System in the Ground Transportation Domain 79
Introduction 79
MATLAB Environment 80
SIMULINK/EMBEDDED MATLAB 80
SIMULINK DESIGN VERIFIER 81
Case Study 82
Formalization 83
Data Representation 84
Operators 86
Properties 87
Proof Methodology 88
Results Obtained 89
Conclusion 90
References 90
SmART: An Application Reconfiguration Framework 91
Introduction 92
An Analysis of Application Configuration Files 93
An Application Reconfiguration Framework 94
Original to Generic Representation (O2G) 95
Generic to Original Representation (G2O) 99
Evaluation 99
VIRTU Integration 100
Related Work 101
Conclusions and Future Work 101
References 102
Searching the Best (Formulation, Solver, Configuration) for Structured Problems 103
Introduction 103
Search Spaces 105
$I-DARE(control)$: Controlling the Search in the (Formulation, Solver, Configuration) Space 106
Objective Function Computation 107
Training and Meta-learning 110
The Overall Search Process 111
Experiments 111
Conclusions 114
References 115
Information Model for Model Driven Safety Requirements Management of Complex Systems 117
Introduction 117
System Engineering Approach 119
System Engineering Approach 119
EIA-632 Standard 120
Integration Approach 120
Integration Approach 121
System Design Processes 121
Technical Evaluation Processes 122
Information Model 123
Requirements Management 123
Supporting the Design 123
Requirements Modeling and Management for Safety 124
Proposition 125
The Information Model 126
Conclusion 127
References 128
Discrete Search in Design Optimization 130
Introduction 130
Design Optimization 132
Convex Relaxation Based Splitting Strategy 133
A Simple Solver 137
A Real-Life Application 138
References 138
Software Architectures for Flexible Task-Oriented Program Execution on Multicore Systems 140
Introduction 140
Programming Models with Tasks 141
Task Decomposition 142
Task Execution and Interaction 143
Internal and External Variables 144
Coordination Language 144
Software Architectures of Task-Based Programs 145
Task Scheduler 146
Runtime Experiments 148
Related Work 149
Conclusions 150
References 151
Optimal Technological Architecture Evolutions of Information Systems 153
Introduction 153
Operational Model of an Evolving Information System 154
Elements of Information System Architecture 154
Evolution of an Information System Architecture 155
Management of Information System Architecture Evolutions 156
The Information System Architecture Evolution Management Problem 156
Mathematical Programming Based Approach 157
Sets, Variables, Objective, Constraints 158
Valid Cuts from Implied Properties 161
Computational Results 162
References 164
Practical Solution of Periodic Filtered Approximation as a Convex Quadratic Integer Program 165
Introduction 165
Background Concepts 167
Problem Formalization 167
Modulation Algorithms 168
A $/Delta/Sigma$ Heuristic Algorithm 170
An Exact Branch-and-Bound Algorithm 171
Experimental Evaluation of the Two Approaches 173
References 175
Performance Analysis of the Matched-Pulse-Based Fault Detection 177
Introduction 177
The Wire Network 178
The MP Approach 178
Topological Study 179
Equivalent Topological Representation 179
Position of the Network Elements 181
Detection Gain 183
Simulation Results 185
Analyzed Configurations 185
Numerical Results 185
Conclusion 187
References 188
A Natural Measure for Denoting Software System Complexity 189
Introduction 189
Cyclomatic Number Measurement Considered Harmful 192
Program Text Length Measurement 194
Programmers Activity Revisited 196
Classification of Building Blocks 198
Costs of Interfaces 200
The Complexity of Integration 202
Interoperability 207
Temporary Conclusion 209
References 210
Flexibility and Its Relation to Complexity and Architecture 212
Flexibility 212
Generic Architectures, Flexibility and Complexity 214
Layered Human Organizations and Industries – Health Care 218
Higher Education as a Layered System 219
Hybrid Organizations – Lateral Alignment 220
Summary 220
References 221
Formalization of an Integrated System/Project Design Framework: First Models and Processes 222
Introduction 222
Background 224
Definition of Design and Planning Processes 224
Interaction between Design and Planning Processes 225
Proposition of an Integrated Model 226
System Design Module 226
Project Planning Module 227
Coupling and Monitoring Module 228
Proposition of a Simple System Creation Process 230
Conclusion and Further Studies 231
References 232
System Engineering Approach Applied to Galileo System 233
Introduction 233
Outline 233
Galileo System Presentation 233
The Space Segment 234
The Launch Service Segment 234
The Ground Segment 234
The Ground Mission Segment 234
The User Segment 235
Requirement Engineering 235
About Galileo Lifecycle and Stakeholders 236
System Prime Perimeter Evolution 236
Example of Boundary Evolution between System and Segment 238
Architectural Design 239
Functional Architecture 240
Physic Architecture (Interfaces Problematic) 243
The Data-Dictionary 243
The “Use Cases” Database 244
Conclusion 245
A Hierarchical Approach to Design a V2V Intersection Assistance System 250
Introduction 250
Context 250
Motivation and Scope 251
Methodology 251
Overview 251
Resulting Transformations 252
Results 254
Top Level: Environment 254
First Level: Selecting the Vehicles 254
Second Level: Selecting the Pairs of Vehicles 256
Third Level: Identifying All the Scenarii for Each Pair of Vehicles 256
Fourth Level: Managing Priorities for Each Scenario 257
Fifth Level: Acting and Deciding 257
Advantages of Our Approach 259
Conclusion and Future Works 259
References 260
Contribution to Rational Determination of Warranty Parameters for a New Product 261
Introduction 261
Two-Dimensional Warranty 262
Statistical Evaluation of Customers’ Behavior Research 263
Determination of Parameters of Two-Dimensional Warranty 265
Example of Practical Usage of Proposed Procedure 268
Evaluation of Customers’ Behavior Research 268
Determination of Warranty Parameters at Limited Level of Warranty Costs 269
Conclusion 270
References 270
Open Interoperable Autonomous Computer-Based Systems, Systems-of-Systems and Proof-Based System Engineering 271
The OISAU Study in a Nutshell 272
Weaknesses in Current SE Practice 274
Requirements Capture 274
System Design and Validation 275
Feasibility and Dimensioning 276
Conclusions 277
Lessons Learned with OISAU 278
Migration from SE to PBSE Is an Evolutionary Process 278
“Functional versus Non Functional” Is Too Crude a Dichotomy 280
Existing Solutions and Companion Proofs Can Be Tapped 281
Nothing Specific with COTS Products 281
PBSE Practice Can Be Supported by Tools, in Conformance with a Methodological Standard 282
The OISAU Methodological Standard 282
Methodological Requirements 283
Matrices 284
The European Dimension 285
Technical Issues and Standards 286
Scenarios Worked Out 287
Generic Problems and Solutions, Standards and Interoperability 287
Conclusions 289
References 290
Managing the Complexity of Environmental Assessments of Complex Industrial Systems with a Lean 6 Sigma Approach 291
Introduction 292
How to Eco-Design Complex Industrial Systems? 292
Aluminium Electrolysis Substations 292
The Aluminium Electrolysis Substation: A Complex Industrial System 294
LCA-Based Eco-design 294
Eco-design Process 294
Life Cycle Assessment 295
Limits of the Current Eco-design Approach 295
Technical LCA Limits 295
Overall LCA and Eco-design Limits 296
Methodology Requirements 297
About Lean Six Sigma 297
Continuous Improvement and Lean Six Sigma 297
DMAIC Approach 298
Lean & Green
Proposition of a Meta-methodology 300
General Concept 300
A DMAIC Approach for Eco-design 301
Meta-methodology Deployment on Aluminium Electrolysis Substations 303
Conclusions and Perspectives 304
References 305
Multidisciplinary Simulation of Mechatronic Components in Severe Environments* 307
Introduction 307
Mov'eo: EXPAMTION Project 309
Involved Partners 309
Issues 309
Our Contribution to the Project 310
The Problem of FEM Code Coupling 310
Proposed Solutions 310
Modelica 311
MpCCI 311
STEP 312
The PLM Approach 313
Conclusion 315
References 315
Involving AUTOSAR Rules for Mechatronic System Design 317
Introduction 317
Contexts 317
About Concept and Components for ESC System 317
About Simulation and Validation Tools 319
AUTOSAR Concepts 320
Project Objectives 320
Main Working Topics 320
Technical Overview 321
AUTOSAR Authoring Tool 321
AUTOSAR Software Component 322
Benefits for Model-Based Design 324
Model-Based Design with AUTOSAR 324
Atomic Software for ESC System 324
AUTOSAR Rules for Model-Based Design 326
Chassis Domain Overview 327
Conclusion 327
References 328
Enterprise Methodology: An Approach to Multisystems 329
The Enterprise System Topology 330
Notion of Enterprise System 330
Methodological Framework 330
How to Describe the “Business” Reality 332
How to Design the IT System 334
Impact of This Approach on a Single System 335
The Convergence Approach 335
Conclusion 339