Encyclopedia of International Accounting

Edited by Parmod Chand, Associate Professor of Accounting, Department of Accounting and Corporate Governance, Macquarie University, Australia

Contents

Preface viii
Acknowledgements x

PART I CONCEPTS AND DEFINITION
1 International accounting 2
Hector Perera
2 International convergence of financial reporting 7
Parmod Chand
3 International ethical standards in accounting 14
Nam The Nguyen
4 International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 21
Rajni Mala
5 International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for small and medium-sized enterprises 27
Dinuja Perera
6 International issues in auditing 37
Vida Botes
7 International issues in corporate governance 44
Zhuoan Feng
8 International issues in managing multinational corporations 51
Rakesh Pandey and Mansi Mansi
9 International sustainability reporting 58
Sumit K. Lodhia
10 Prominent ethical issues in international accounting and business 64
Mary Low and Nirupika Liyanapathirana

PART II THEORIES AND RESEARCH METHODS
1 Accounting systems 75
Kanwal Javed
2 Conceptual framework 81
Kanwal Javed
3 Theories of accounting regulation 87
Krishan Prasad
4 Advancing qualitative research in international accounting 95
Dale Tweedie
5 Trends of quantitative research in international accounting 101
Parmod Chand and Rajni Mala

PART III INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING ISSUES
1 Benefits and costs of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) implementation 112
Mohammad Abu Taleb and Afzalur Rashid
2 Information technology 117
Mohammad Abu Taleb and Afzalur Rashid
3 International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) implementation: institutional arrangements 126
Mohammad Abu Taleb and Afzalur Rashid
4 Integrated reporting 138
Pei-Chi Kelly Hsiao

PART IV INSTITUTIONS
1 Institutions 147
Umesh Sharma
International Accounting Standards Board 147
International Federation of Accountants 147
International Monetary Fund 148
International Organization of Securities Commissions 149
International Sustainability Standards Board 151
World Trade Organization 151
World’s Largest Public Accounting Firms (Big 4) 153

PART V FACTORS AFFECTING INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING PRACTICES
1 Factors affecting international accounting practices 159
Noriyuki Tsunogaya
Culture 159
Education level 161
Inflation 161
Legal system 162
Level of economic development and capital markets 162
Political and economic ties 163
Religion 163
Sources of finance 164
Status of the accounting profession 165
Taxation 165

PART VI INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING PRACTICES ACROSS THE GLOBE
1 The International Financial Reporting Standards Foundation 168
Md Mustafizur Rahaman
2 International accounting practices across the countries in Europe 169
Md Mustafizur Rahaman
3 International accounting practices across the countries in Africa 209
Md Mustafizur Rahaman
4 International accounting practices across the countries in the Middle East 239
Md Mustafizur Rahaman
5 International accounting practices across the countries in Asia and Oceania 250
Md Mustafizur Rahaman
6 International accounting practices across the countries in the Americas 283
Md Mustafizur Rahaman

Index 312