Inclusive Territories 1

Martine Brasseur is University Professor at Paris Cité University and Head of the MEIS axis at CEDAG, France. She is also Editor-in-Chief of the RIMHE review. Annie Bartoli is University Professor and Director of LAREQUOI, UVSQ, at Paris-Saclay University, France. She is also Visiting Research Professor at Georgetown University, USA. Didier Chabaud is University Professor and Director/ETI Chair in Entrepreneurship and Innovation Territory at IAE Paris Sorbonne Business School, France. Pascal Grouiez is a senior lecturer at Paris Cité University and LADYSS, France. Gilles Rouet is University Professor and Director at the Institut supérieur de management, IAE de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Paris Cité University, France.

Introduction ix
Annie BARTOLI, Martine BRASSEUR, Didier CHABAUD and Gilles ROUET

Part 1 Entrepreneurial Dynamics that Promote Inclusion Within a Territory 1

Chapter 1 Inclusive Territory: An Ongoing Conceptualization 3
Martine BRASSEUR

1.1 From economic territory to inclusive territory 4

1.1.1 A territory delimited historically by economics 4

1.1.2 A dynamic of coevolution with an inclusive goal 5

1.1.3 A collaborative cross-sectoral partnership 7

1.2 From exclusion to inclusion 8

1.2.1 A local response to a global exclusion problem 9

1.2.2 Serving people in the general interest 12

1.3 Conclusion 14

1.4 References 14

Chapter 2 The Employer Group and its Stakeholders: Application for a Timeshare HR Manager Job 21
Anne JOYEAU, Sébastien LE GALL and Gwénaëlle POILPOT-ROCABOY

2.1 The employer group and its stakeholders: A network at the service of a territorialized HRM 22

2.1.1 The conditions for a successful inter-organizational network 22

2.1.2 The virtuous effects of the timeshare network through the example of an HR manager 26

2.2 The employer group and its stakeholders: Cross-references on the conditions for success 28

2.2.1 The diversity of representations of the success criterion 29

2.2.2 The profiles of the various stakeholders 31

2.2.3 The nature and quality of relationships between the stakeholders 34

2.3 Conclusion 37

2.4 Appendix 40

2.5 References 41

Chapter 3 Contributions of a Science and Technology Park (STP) to Inclusive Mobility for a Territory 45
Isabelle KUSTOSZ and Stéphane MEURIC

3.1 Main contributions of the literature 47

3.1.1 Contributions regarding STPs from the literature 47

3.1.2 Intelligence of cities and territories: From ICT to capabilities 49

3.2 Description of the Transalley case and its three embedded sub-cases 50

3.2.1 Demonstration and experimentation track 51

3.2.2 Presentation of the Institute for Sustainable Mobility and Transport 52

3.2.3 Presentation of the Mobility Kiosk 53

3.3 Elements for characterizing the contributions of the STP 54

3.3.1 Characteristics of the three observed projects 56

3.3.2 Contributions of the STP through the three projects 56

3.4 From a smart territory to an inclusive territory 58

3.4.1 Collaborations and territory project 59

3.4.2 Organization and inclusive approach on two levels 61

3.4.3 Evaluation of STP activity by social value 62

3.5 Conclusion 63

3.6 References 64

Chapter 4 Understanding the Development of Social Enterprise in South Korea 67
Éric BIDET

4.1 The concept of a social enterprise: A dual theoretical and geographical basis 68

4.2 Methodology of the study 71

4.3 A typology of the main forms of social enterprises observed in South Korea 73

4.4 Discussion: Understanding Korean social enterprise in the light of the EMES ideal type 79

4.5 Conclusion 83

4.6 References 85

Part 2 Social Innovations by Inclusive Companies Within a Territory 89

Chapter 5 Managing Inclusion and Diversity in Organizations: A Strategic Approach to Human Capital 91
Douglas MCCABE

5.1 An overview of the most current literature 91

5.1.1 Ethical issues 92

5.1.2 International cross-cultural inclusion 94

5.1.3 Barriers to inclusion and diversity 94

5.1.4 Reinforcing inclusive behavior 95

5.2 From research to practice 97

5.3 A case study 99

5.4 Conclusion 100

5.5 References 101

Chapter 6 A Solidarity Economy Group Implementing Inclusive Recruitment Within a Territory 105
Rahma CHEKKAR and Renaud CHENON

6.1 Vita Air, a recruitment method for inclusion 107

6.1.1 Background to the development of the Vita Air method 108

6.1.2 Foundations, principles and diffusion of the Vita Air method 108

6.2 ISA Groupe: Its organization and its culture in favor of inclusion 110

6.2.1 ISA Groupe's adoption of a transversal functional structure 111

6.2.2 ISA Groupe's reinforcement of its culture of inclusion 113

6.3 ISA Groupe, from a reactive to a proactive inclusive approach 114

6.3.1 Support aimed at ensuring candidates are proactive in their approach 114

6.3.2 Adopting a proactive approach to developing its activities 116

6.3.3 Adopting an approach that leads actors to give meaning to their interaction 117

6.4 The process by which ISA Groupe implemented the Vita Air method: A long, gradual and consensual process 118

6.4.1 Preparing the ground to implement the model (2006–2012) 119

6.4.2 The time taken to integrate the model (2013–2014) 121

6.4.3 The time of dissemination and legitimization (since 2015) 123

6.5 Conclusion 125

6.6 References 126

Chapter 7 The Role of Social Economy Entrepreneurs in Governing Inclusive Social Innovation Ecosystems: The Cause of Mobility for Vulnerable People in Lorraine 129
Paul MULLER, Bérangère SZOSTAK and Delphine WANNENMACHER

7.1 Conceptual framework 131

7.1.1 The production of social innovations 131

7.1.2 Social innovation within creative territories 133

7.1.3 The role of entrepreneurs in producing social innovation 135

7.2 The case of the mobility of vulnerable people in Lorraine 138

7.2.1 The context of the case 138

7.2.2 The Omnibus entrepreneurial process 141

7.2.3 Omnibus executives, intermediation players 145

7.3 Conclusion 147

7.4 References 148

Chapter 8 Emergence and Diffusion of Diversity Management in Companies Linking a Territory: The Case of the Hérault Region in France 153
Amel BEN RHOUMA and Elena MASCOVA

8.1 The emergence and diffusion of diversity management between isomorphism and institutional entrepreneurship 155

8.2 Methodological design of the action research 159

8.3 Results, analysis and discussion 162

8.3.1 The emergence of diversity management in Hérault: An institutional entrepreneurship model 162

8.3.2 Dissemination of diversity management in organizations in the Hérault region: Between normative isomorphism, utilitarianism and the will of the manager 165

8.3.3 Operationalizing diversity management: A response to a coercive isomorphism 168

8.4 Conclusion 169

8.5 References 170

Conclusion 173
Martine BRASSEUR, Didier CHABAUD and Pascal GROUIEZ

List of Authors 179

Index 181