Performance of Valuation Methods in Financial Transactions

David Heller is a lecturer in finance and leads the masters in finance at the ISC in Paris, France.

Introduction vii

Chapter 1. Traditional Valuation Methods and Ways of Applying Them 1

1.1. Introduction 1

1.2. The cost of financial structure 3

1.2.1. Financial asset valuation 4

1.2.2. Optimal capital structure 10

1.2.3. Theories of organizations 19

1.3. Valuation measures and follow-up measures 23

1.3.1. Evaluation by comparative approach 24

1.3.2. Flow assessment 34

1.3.3. Valuation through propriety and mixed approaches 44

1.4. The perspectives of assessment: control operations 50

1.4.1. The shareholder 51

1.4.2. Control negotiations 59

1.4.3. Leveraged buyout operations 76

1.5. Conclusion 87

Chapter 2. The Performance of the Assessment and the Creation of Value from Control Operations 89

2.1. Introduction 89

2.2. Theoretical adjustments 90

2.2.1. Reconciliation of the traditional view with the Modigliani–Miller theorem 91

2.2.2. Optimizing the valuation methods 109

2.3. Contextual impacts and adjustments 131

2.3.1. Leverage transactions 132

2.3.2. Stock market multiples: from the impact of structures to anticipating profitability 136

2.3.3. Two delicate contexts for valuation: the bankruptcy situation and the start-up company 149

2.4. The creation of value resulting from control operations 158

2.4.1. The creation of value from the buyout of companies in bankruptcy 158

2.4.2. Abnormal returns resulting from control operations 159

2.4.3. The motivation of buyers to initiate control operations 161

2.5. Conclusion 163

Conclusion 165

Appendix. Demonstrating the Terminal Value (TV) of DCFs 169

References 171

Index 179