Conservation

Charles Perrings is a Professor of Environmental Economics at Arizona State University. Previous appointments include professorships at the University of York and the University of California, Riverside. He was for several years vice-chair of the international biodiversity science research program, DIVERSITAS, and represented the International Council of Science in negotiations with national governments to establish the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). He was also a member of the US President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) working group on biodiversity and ecosystem services. He was the founding editor of the journal, Environment and Development Economics, and is a Past President of the International Society for Ecological Economics. Ann Kinzig is a Professor of Biology and Society at Arizona State University, where she has held an appointment for 22 years. Before coming to ASU, she was named the first American Association for the Advancement of Science Roger Revelle Fellow in Global Stewardship, and worked on issues of conservation and climate change in the Environment Division of the Office of Science and Technology Policy in the Clinton White House. She is an elected Fellow of the AAAS and has served on the Ecological Society of America Governing Board.

PREFACE
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF ACRONYMS

CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The biological record
1.3 Implications for conservation
1.4 Plan of the book

PART I THE ECONOMIC THEORY OF CONSERVATION

CHAPTER 2 THE DECISION PROBLEM
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Elements of the decision problem
2.3 A numerical example-the wine storage problem
2.4 Summary and conclusions

CHAPTER 3 HOTELLING CONSERVATION
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Hotelling arbitrage condition
3.3 The Hotelling prices and quantities
3.4 Renewable natural resources and the Hotelling arbitrage condition
3.5 Connecting the Hotelling theory of conservation to Conservation Biology
3.6 Summary and conclusions

CHAPTER 4 THE CONSERVATION RENEWABLE RESOURCES
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Marine capture fisheries
4.3 Forests and forestry
4.4 Rangelands
4.5 Summary and conclusions

PART II VALUATION

CHAPTER 5 THE VALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL GOODS AND SERVICES
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The basis of value
5.3 Ecosystem services and the value of non-marketed environmental resources
5.4 The valuation of provisioning and cultural services
5.5 The valuation of regulating services
5.6 Summary and conclusions

CHAPTER 6 THE VALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSETS
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Sustainability and the value of environmental assets
6.3 The value of environmental assets in the national accounts
6.4 Inclusive wealth
6.5 Environmental assets and total factor productivity
6.6 Summary and conclusions

CHAPTER 7 SUBSTITUTABILITY AND THE VALUATION OF NATURAL CAPITAL
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Substitution in production
7.3 Substitution in a generalized model of joint production
7.3 Substitution and public goods
7.4 Net substitutes and complements
7.5 Conditional substitutes and complements
7.6 Summary and conclusions

PART III ALIGNING THE PRIVATE AND SOCIAL VALUE OF NATURAL RESOURCES

CHAPTER 8 ENVIRONMENTAL PUBLIC GOODS
8.1 Introduction
8.2 The optimal provision of public goods
8.3 Types of public good
8.4 Strategic behavior and the provision of public goods
8.5 Resolving the public good problem
8.6 Summary and conclusions

CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The nature of environmental externalities
9.3 Unidirectional externalities
9.4 Positional externalities
9.5 Public externalities
9.6 Aligning private and social value
9.6 Summary and conclusions

CHAPTER 10 POVERTY, VALUE, AND CONSERVATION
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Income effects and poverty
10.3 Poverty-population-environment
10.4 Per capita income growth and conservation
10.5 Wealth, property rights, and conservation
10.6 Summary and conclusions


CHAPTER 11 CONSERVATION IN PROTECTED AREAS
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Protected area design: ecological principles
11.3 Protected area design: economic principles
11.4 Protected areas and the supply of ecosystem services
11.5 Protected areas and poverty
11.6 Summary and conclusions

CHAPTER 12 CONSERVATION BEYOND PROTECTED AREAS
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Conservation of threatened wild species outside protected areas
12.3 Conservation in agriculture
12.4 Habitat substitutability
12.5 Summary and conclusions

CHAPTER 13 CONSERVATION AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Property rights
13.3 Legal restrictions on land use
13.4 Environmental offsets
13.5 Economic incentives
13.6 Summary and conclusions

CHAPTER 14 CONSERVATION AT THE INTERNATIONAL LEVEL
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Migratory species
14.3 Transboundary and linked ecosystems
14.4 Trade, travel, and the movement of species
14.5 Strategic behavior and transboundary conservation
14.6 Funding conservation as a global public good
14.6 Summary and conclusions

CHAPTER 15 CONSERVATION IN THE FUTURE
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Environmental trends
15.3 Economic trends
15.4 The population affected by conservation decisions
15.5 The optimal scale at which to conserve and the governance of conservation

Index