Trends in Tourist Behavior (eBook)

Andrés Artal-Tur, PhD, is an Associate Professor at the Technical University of Cartagena (Spain). He is a member of the Research Excellence Group EMODs; a Research Associate at the Institute of International Economics (IEI-UV), University of Valencia; and a founding member of the FEMISE Network. His main research interests reside in the analysis of tourist behavior, destination planning, culture, and sustainability.Metin Kozak is a Professor in the School of Tourism at Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey. He holds both Master's and PhD degrees in tourism management. His research focuses on consumer behavior, benchmarking, destination management, and sustainability. He acts as the co-editor of Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research and has been a visiting scholar at various universities in the United States, Europe, and Asia. Nazmi Kozak is a Professor in the Faculty of Tourism at Anadolu University, Turkey. He holds both Master’s and PhD degrees in tourism management. His research activities focus on tourism marketing, the history of tourism, and bibliometrics. He is the editor of Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi and the co-editor of Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research. He has attended several universities in the United States as a visiting scholar.

Preface 6
Contents 8
New Tourism Products and Consumer Behaviour 10
1 A Diagnose of Equestrian Tourism: The Case of France and Romania 11
1.1 Introduction 11
1.2 Literature Review 12
1.2.1 From Equestrian Tourism to Sustainable Sport Tourism 13
1.3 Methodology 15
1.4 The Development of Equestrian Tourism in France 15
1.5 Some Aspects of Equestrian Tourism in Romania 19
1.6 Conclusion and Implications 22
References 22
2 Analysis and Segmentation of Sports Events’ Participants: The Marathon Course in Palma de Mallorca 25
2.1 Introduction 25
2.2 Literature Review 26
2.2.1 Sporting Events as Tourism Products 27
2.2.2 Tourist Satisfaction with the Sports Event 28
2.2.3 Segmentation in Sports Tourism 29
2.3 Methods 30
2.3.1 Context and Sampling 30
2.4 Results 31
2.4.1 Analysis of the General Satisfaction of the Sample 35
2.4.2 Cluster Analysis of Event Participants 35
2.5 Conclusion and Implications 36
References 38
3 Sailboat Race Events: Exploring the Effects of a Regatta in the Balearic Islands 43
3.1 Introduction 43
3.2 Literature Review 44
3.2.1 Mature and Seasonal Destinations 45
3.2.2 Economic and Social Impact of Sporting Events 47
3.2.3 Segmentation 48
3.3 Methodology 49
3.4 Results 50
3.4.1 Socio-demographic Description 50
3.4.2 Motivation Analysis 52
3.4.3 Satisfaction Analysis 52
3.4.4 General Economic Impact 53
3.4.5 Participants Cluster Analysis 53
3.4.6 Participant Differences: The Role of Previous Experience of the Event and Total Expenditure 54
3.5 Conclusion and Implications 54
References 57
4 Tourists’ City Trip Activity Program Planning: A Personalized Stated Choice Experiment 60
4.1 Introduction 60
4.2 Related Work and Approach 61
4.3 A Personalized Stated Choice Experiment 63
4.4 Binary Mixed Logit Model 64
4.5 Analyses and Results 66
4.5.1 Sample 66
4.5.2 Personal Interests for POIs and Themes 66
4.5.3 Preferred Time Spending 66
4.5.4 Preferences for Combinations of Activities 67
4.6 Conclusion and Implications 74
References 75
5 The Youth Tourism Market: A Structural Equation Model of Determinants and Impacts of Social Interactions 78
5.1 Introduction 78
5.2 Social Contact in the Youth Tourism Market 79
5.3 Conceptual Model Proposed 81
5.3.1 Travel Motivations as Determinants of Social Interaction 82
5.3.2 The Outcomes of Social Interaction 84
5.4 Methodology 85
5.5 Analysis and Discussion of Results 86
5.5.1 Characterization of the Sample 86
5.5.2 Testing the Model Proposed 87
5.6 Conclusion and Implications 95
References 98
6 Wine Tourism: Constructs of the Experience 100
6.1 Introduction: Conceptualizing Wine Tourism, State of the Art 100
6.2 Enogastronomy as the Core Product 102
6.3 Defining the Wine Tourism Experience 102
6.4 Wine Tourist as the Guest 103
6.5 The Interaction Between Guest and Host 105
6.5.1 Guest Motivations 105
6.5.2 Guest Behaviour 106
6.6 Wine Region as the Place 106
6.6.1 Brand Equity 107
6.6.2 Brand Image 108
6.7 Winery Staff as Hosts 108
6.8 Service Quality as the Determinant of Satisfaction and Loyalty 109
6.8.1 Guest Satisfaction 109
6.8.2 Guest Loyalty 110
6.9 Conclusion and Implications 110
References 111
7 EBSCode—Eco Based Surf Code—Surfing for a Sustainable Development of Beaches: The Portuguese Case 116
7.1 Introduction 116
7.2 Literature Review 117
7.3 Methodology 118
7.4 Results 121
7.5 Conclusion and Implications 129
References 129
Tourism Experiences and Consumer Behaviour 131
8 The Importance of Experience in Participant’s Motivations in Recreational Sport Tourism Events in Portugal 132
8.1 Introduction 132
8.2 Recreational Sport Tourism Events in Portugal 134
8.2.1 Characterization of Chosen Events 135
8.3 Research Methods 139
8.3.1 In-depth Interviews 139
8.3.2 Survey Questionnaire 139
8.4 Analysis of the Results 140
8.5 Conclusion and Implications 146
References 149
9 Impact of Superior Destination Experience on Recommendation 151
9.1 Introduction 151
9.2 Tourism Destinations 152
9.3 Tourist Experiences in Destinations 154
9.4 Tourist Recommendation Behaviors 156
9.5 Methodology 157
9.6 Results 158
9.7 Conclusion and Implications 158
References 162
10 What Percentage of Travelers Are Writing Hotel Reviews? 165
10.1 Introduction 165
10.2 Literature Review 167
10.2.1 User Generated Content and eWOM 167
10.2.2 Motivations to Write and Read Reviews 168
10.2.3 The Importance of the Number of Reviews 169
10.3 Methodology 170
10.4 Results 171
10.5 Conclusion and Implications 173
References 175
11 Destination Choice, Repeating Behaviour and the Tourist-Destination Life Cycle Hypothesis 179
11.1 Introduction 179
11.2 Literature Review and Research Hypotheses 181
11.3 Empirical Methods for Estimation and Data Issues 183
11.4 Results 187
11.5 Conclusion and Implications 194
References 195
12 Back to the Same Place of Holidays. An Analysis of European Tourists’ Preferences Towards Cultural Tourism 198
12.1 Introduction 198
12.2 Theoretical Considerations 199
12.2.1 Revisit Behaviour at Cultural Destination 199
12.2.2 Factors that Influence Tourists’ Preferences for Revisiting Cultural Destinations 200
12.3 Methods and Hypotheses 202
12.4 Findings 205
12.5 Conclusion and Implications 208
References 209
13 Factors Influencing Tourism Expenditure on Accommodation in World Heritage Cities 212
13.1 Introduction 212
13.2 Literature Review 213
13.3 Methodology 213
13.3.1 Case Study 213
13.3.2 Questionnaire 215
13.3.3 Analytical Model 216
13.4 Results and Discussion 217
13.4.1 Descriptive Analysis 218
13.4.2 Expenditure on Accommodation 220
13.5 Conclusion and Implications 224
References 226
14 Analysis of the Spatial Distribution Pattern of Tourist Activity: An Application to the Volume of Travellers in Extremadura 228
14.1 Introduction 228
14.2 Literature Review 229
14.3 Methodology 232
14.4 Results 236
14.5 Conclusion and Implications 245
References 247