Futuristic Composites (eBook)

Dr. Sarabjeet Singh Sidhu is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur, Punjab, India. He received his Master’s of Technology from IKG Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar. His research interests include surface modification, and residual stress analysis in metal matrix composites, biomaterials, and non-conventional machining processes. He has published more than 50 technical papers in reputed national and international journals/conferences, and also served as a reviewer for various journals. Recently, he was awarded the Contribution Award by Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology (Springer). Dr. Preetkanwal Singh Bains is a researcher at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur, India. His current research interests include materials engineering and advanced machining processes. He has contributed numerous innovative and novel manufacturing techniques, for which three patents have been filed in various fields of mechanical engineering. He is a Life Member of the Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE) and American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). He has also contributed many significant publications and served as a reviewer for prominent journals. Dr. Redouane Zitoune is an Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Paul Sabatier University (University of Toulouse, France). His doctoral work focused on the manufacturing and machining (drilling and milling) of composite materials. His current research interests include damage analysis during the drilling and milling of composite materials with conventional machining and abrasive water-jet machining, and finite element analysis for machining. He is also interested in the thermal analysis of composite structures by means of optical fibers and finite element analysis. He has published more than 150 articles in national and international journals and conferences. Dr. Morteza Yazdani is a researcher and adjunct professor at Universidad Europea de Madrid (UEM) in Spain. He obtained his Ph.D. in Business and Economics at the UEM, and collaborated on the RUC-APS project during his postdoctoral work at the University of Toulouse, France. Dr. Yazdani has published more than 20 papers in leading international journals and is an active reviewer for many others, including Sustainability, Applied Soft Computing, and Journal of Cleaner Production.

Contents 6
About the Editors 8
Machining of FRP Composites: Surface Quality, Damage, and Material Integrity: Critical Review and Analysis 10
1 Introduction 11
2 Damage Analysis and Characterization in Function of the Process of Machining 13
2.1 Conventional Machining 14
2.2 Nonconventional Processes 24
3 Influences of Damage Induced on Mechanical Performance 31
3.1 Tensile Test 31
3.2 Compressive Test 33
3.3 Shear Test 34
3.4 Bending Test 37
3.5 Fatigue Test 38
3.6 Impact Test 39
4 Conclusion 40
5 Recommendations and Future Work 42
References 43
Application of Atomic Force Microscopy to Study Metal–Organic Frameworks Materials and Composites 45
1 Introduction 45
2 Metal–Organic Framework 47
2.1 Design of MOFs 47
2.2 Synthetic Approaches of MOF Materials 49
3 MOF Composites 51
3.1 MOF Composites 52
3.2 Application 57
4 Atomic Force Microscopy Application 61
References 76
Variability in Monolithic Composite Parts: From Data Collection to FE Analysis 82
1 Introduction 82
2 Challenges in the Characterisation of the Variability at Different Scales of a Composite Structure 83
2.1 Overview 83
2.2 Obtaining the Property Variations from Real Composite Parts 84
2.3 FE Input from Geometrical and Material Variations 86
3 Experimental Determination of Composite Variabilities 86
3.1 Reinforcement Orientation 87
3.2 Ply Thickness 90
4 Application of Finite Element Model with Variabilities 93
4.1 General FE Model Overview 93
4.2 Analysis of the Strains Resulting from the Cooling Phase of the Polymerisation Cycle 94
4.3 Four-Point Bending Test 95
4.4 FE Analysis of a Multi-instrumented Technological Evaluator 98
5 Conclusions 102
References 103
Selection of Optimal Aluminum-Based Composite Produced by Powder Metallurgy Process in Uncertain Environment 105
1 Introduction 106
2 Materials and Methods 108
2.1 Alternatives and Criteria 108
2.2 Weighting Strategy 109
2.3 Ranking via Interval TOPSIS Method 110
3 Results and Discussion 111
3.1 Weight of Criteria 111
3.2 Ranking 112
3.3 Sensitivity Analysis 114
4 Conclusion 116
References 116
Intelligent Decision Making Tools in Manufacturing Technology Selection 119
1 Introduction 119
2 A Decision Framework for Manufacturing Technology Evaluation 122
2.1 AHP 122
2.2 Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) 123
3 Empirical Case and Results 125
4 Conclusion 130
References 131
Application of MCDM Techniques on Nonconventional Machining of Composites 133
1 Introduction 134
2 Methodology 135
2.1 AHP 137
2.2 MOORA 137
3 Experimental Details 138
3.1 Material Used in Experiments 138
3.2 Experimentation 138
4 Results 142
4.1 ANOVA for MRR, SR, and Residual Stress 142
4.2 Implementation of AHP and MOORA in EDM Process 145
5 Conclusion 148
References 149
Multi-objective Optimization of MWCNT Mixed Electric Discharge Machining of Al–30SiCp MMC Using Particle Swarm Optimization 151
1 Introduction 152
2 Experimental Planning and Optimization 155
2.1 Materials and Experimentation 155
2.2 Materials Characterization 157
2.3 Optimization Using MO-PSO 157
3 Results and Discussions 157
3.1 Effect of Process Parameter on MRR and SR 157
3.2 Multiobjective Optimization Using MO-PSO 163
4 Conclusions 165
References 166
Investigating the Polymeric Composites for Online Repair and Maintenance 171
1 Brief of Composite Materials, Processing, Rapid Tooling, and Welding Applications 172
2 Preparations of Feedstock Filaments of Polymeric Composites 173
2.1 Materials 173
2.2 MFI Evaluation 174
2.3 DSC Analysis 174
2.4 Feedstock Filament Preparations 176
3 Results and Discussions 178
4 Friction Stir Welding of Developed Polymeric Composite Material by Rapid Tooling 182
5 Summary 183
References 184
Investigation of Surface Properties of Al–SiC Composites in Hybrid Electrical Discharge Machining 186
1 Introduction 187
2 Materials and Methods 189
2.1 Material 189
2.2 DOE–Taguchi Approach 190
2.3 Experimentation 191
3 Results and Discussions 193
3.1 Influences on MRR 193
3.2 Influences on TWR 194
3.3 Influences on SR 195
3.4 Surface Characteristics 197
3.5 Recast Layer Formation 198
4 Conclusions 199
References 201
Development of Various Industrial Lime Sludge Waste-Filled Hybrid Polymeric Composites for Environmental Sustainability 202
1 Introduction 203
2 Materials and Methods 204
2.1 Materials 204
2.2 Sample Preparation 205
2.3 Mechanical Testing 208
2.4 SEM Analysis 209
3 Results and Discussions 210
3.1 Lime Sludge-Filled HDPE-MAPE Composites 210
3.2 Lime Sludge-Filled Coir-HDPE-MAPE Hybrid Composites 215
3.3 Effect of MAPE on Coir-HDPE Composites 217
3.4 Effect of Lime Sludge on Coir-HDPE-MAPE Composites 218
3.5 Lime Sludge-Filled Coir Fibre-Epoxy Composites 219
4 Conclusion 223
Bibliography 223
Electrochemical Discharge Drilling of Polymer Matrix Composites 227
1 Introduction 228
2 Literature Review 230
3 Experimental Investigation 235
3.1 Experimental Setup: Design and Fabrication 235
3.2 Experimental Planning 236
3.3 Results and Discussion 238
3.4 Morphological Inspection 242
4 Conclusions and Future Scope 244
References 245
Fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites by Friction Stir Processing 248
1 Introduction 248
2 Basics of Friction Stir Processing 250
3 Effect of FSP Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Composites 251
3.1 Effect of Tool and Pin Geometry 251
3.2 Effect of Rotary and Welding Speed 254
3.3 Effect of FSP Passes 255
4 Effect of FSP Parameters on the Wear Behavior of Composites 257
5 Summary 258
References 259
Synthesis and Characterization of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened W-based Nanocomposite 261
1 Introduction 262
2 Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials by Mechanical Alloying 262
3 Consolidation Techniques 264
3.1 Conventional Sintering 264
3.2 Spark Plasma Sintering 265
4 Experimental Method 266
5 Results and Discussion 267
5.1 Phases and Microstructure of Milled Powder 267
5.2 Phase and Microstructure of Conventionally Sintered Alloy 268
5.3 Phase and Microstructure of Spark Plasma Sintered Alloy 272
5.4 Densification of Compacted and Conventionally Sintered Alloy 273
5.5 Densification of Spark Plasma Sintered Alloy 275
5.6 Mechanical Properties of the Conventional and Spark Plasma Sintered Alloy 276
6 Conclusions and Future Prospects 280
References 280
Biocomposites for Hard Tissue Replacement and Repair 283
1 Introduction 283
2 Hard Tissue Replacements 285
2.1 Materials Requirements 285
2.2 Composites for Total Joint Replacements 288
3 Scaffolds for Hard Tissue Repair 290
3.1 Materials Requirements 291
3.2 Structural Requirements 292
3.3 Composite Materials Used 293
4 Conclusions 295
References 295
Evaluation of Elastomeric Composites Reinforced with Chicken Feathers 299
1 Introduction 300
1.1 Composite Materials 300
1.2 Chicken Feathers (CFs) as Reinforcement 300
1.3 Elastomers 302
2 Experimentation 303
2.1 Materials 303
2.2 Composites Preparation 304
2.3 Composites Characterization 304
3 Results and Discussion 305
3.1 Composites Preparation 305
3.2 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) 307
3.3 Dynamical Mechanical Analysis (DMA) 310
3.4 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) 316
3.5 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 317
4 Conclusion 318
References 319
Perspective Composition Materials for Electrode-Tools Production 321
1 Introduction 322
2 Experimental Procedure 326
3 Results and Discussion 327
3.1 The System “Copper and Refractory Metals” 327
3.2 The Systems “Copper and Carbide, Carbonitride, Titanium Carbosilicide” 330
3.3 The Systems “Copper–Carbonic Phases” 334
4 Conclusions 343
References 344
17 Correction to: Synthesis and Characterization of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened W-based Nanocomposite 347
Correction to: Chapter “Synthesis and Characterization of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened W-based Nanocomposite” in: S. S. Sidhu et al. (eds.), Futuristic Composites, Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2417-8_13 347