Data Mining for Business Analytics
John Wiley & Sons Inc (Verlag)
978-1-118-72927-4 (ISBN)
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An applied approach to data mining and predictive analytics with clear exposition, hands-on exercises, and real-life case studies.
Readers will work with all of the standard data mining methods using the Microsoft® Office Excel® add-in XLMiner® to develop predictive models and learn how to obtain business value from Big Data.
Featuring updated topical coverage on text mining, social network analysis, collaborative filtering, ensemble methods, uplift modeling and more, the Third Edition also includes:
Real-world examples to build a theoretical and practical understanding of key data mining methods
End-of-chapter exercises that help readers better understand the presented material
Data-rich case studies to illustrate various applications of data mining techniques
Completely new chapters on social network analysis and text mining
A companion site with additional data sets, instructors material that include solutions to exercises and case studies, and Microsoft PowerPoint® slides https://www.dataminingbook.com
Free 140-day license to use XLMiner for Education software
Data Mining for Business Analytics: Concepts, Techniques, and Applications in XLMiner®, Third Edition is an ideal textbook for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level courses as well as professional programs on data mining, predictive modeling, and Big Data analytics. The new edition is also a unique reference for analysts, researchers, and practitioners working with predictive analytics in the fields of business, finance, marketing, computer science, and information technology.
Praise for the Second Edition
"…full of vivid and thought-provoking anecdotes... needs to be read by anyone with a serious interest in research and marketing."– Research Magazine
"Shmueli et al. have done a wonderful job in presenting the field of data mining - a welcome addition to the literature." – ComputingReviews.com
"Excellent choice for business analysts...The book is a perfect fit for its intended audience." – Keith McCormick, Consultant and Author of SPSS Statistics For Dummies, Third Edition and SPSS Statistics for Data Analysis and Visualization
Galit Shmueli, PhD, is Distinguished Professor at National Tsing Hua University’s Institute of Service Science. She has designed and instructed data mining courses since 2004 at University of Maryland, Statistics.com, The Indian School of Business, and National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan. Professor Shmueli is known for her research and teaching in business analytics, with a focus on statistical and data mining methods in information systems and healthcare. She has authored over 70 journal articles, books, textbooks and book chapters.
Peter C. Bruce is President and Founder of the Institute for Statistics Education at www.statistics.com. He has written multiple journal articles and is the developer of Resampling Stats software. He is the author of Introductory Statistics and Analytics: A Resampling Perspective, also published by Wiley.
Nitin R. Patel, PhD, is Chairman and cofounder of Cytel, Inc., based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. A Fellow of the American Statistical Association, Dr. Patel has also served as a Visiting Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at Harvard University. He is a Fellow of the Computer Society of India and was a professor at the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad for 15 years.
Galit Shmueli, PhD, is Distinguished Professor at National Tsing Hua University’s Institute of Service Science. She has designed and instructed data mining courses since 2004 at University of Maryland, Statistics.com, The Indian School of Business, and National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan. Professor Shmueli is known for her research and teaching in business analytics, with a focus on statistical and data mining methods in information systems and healthcare. She has authored over 70 journal articles, books, textbooks and book chapters. Peter C. Bruce is President and Founder of the Institute for Statistics Education at www.statistics.com. He has written multiple journal articles and is the developer of Resampling Stats software. He is the author of Introductory Statistics and Analytics: A Resampling Perspective, also published by Wiley. Nitin R. Patel, PhD, is Chairman and cofounder of Cytel, Inc., based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. A Fellow of the American Statistical Association, Dr. Patel has also served as a Visiting Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at Harvard University. He is a Fellow of the Computer Society of India and was a professor at the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad for 15 years.
Foreword xvii
Preface to the Third Edition xix
Preface to the First Edition xxii
Acknowledgments xxiv
PART I PRELIMINARIES
CHAPTER 1 Introduction 3
1.1 What is Business Analytics? 3
1.2 What is Data Mining? 5
1.3 Data Mining and Related Terms 5
1.4 Big Data 6
1.5 Data Science 7
1.6 Why Are There So Many Different Methods? 8
1.7 Terminology and Notation 9
1.8 Road Maps to This Book 11
Order of Topics 12
CHAPTER 2 Overview of the Data Mining Process 14
2.1 Introduction 14
2.2 Core Ideas in Data Mining 15
2.3 The Steps in Data Mining 18
2.4 Preliminary Steps 20
2.5 Predictive Power and Overfitting 26
2.6 Building a Predictive Model with XLMiner 30
2.7 Using Excel for Data Mining 40
2.8 Automating Data Mining Solutions 40
Data Mining Software Tools (by Herb Edelstein) 42
Problems 45
PART II DATA EXPLORATION AND DIMENSION REDUCTION
CHAPTER 3 Data Visualization 50
3.1 Uses of Data Visualization 50
3.2 Data Examples 52
Example 1: Boston Housing Data 52
Example 2: Ridership on Amtrak Trains 53
3.3 Basic Charts: Bar Charts, Line Graphs, and Scatter Plots 53
Distribution Plots 54
Heatmaps: Visualizing Correlations and Missing Values 57
3.4 Multi-Dimensional Visualization 58
Adding Variables 59
Manipulations 61
Reference: trend line and labels 64
Scaling up to Large Datasets 65
Multivariate Plot 66
Interactive Visualization 67
3.5 Specialized Visualizations 70
Visualizing Networked Data 70
Visualizing Hierarchical Data: Treemaps 72
Visualizing Geographical Data: Map Charts 73
3.6 Summary: Major Visualizations and Operations, by Data Mining Goal 75
Prediction 75
Classification 75
Time Series Forecasting 75
Unsupervised Learning 76
Problems 77
CHAPTER 4 Dimension Reduction 79
4.1 Introduction 79
4.2 Curse of Dimensionality 80
4.3 Practical Considerations 80
Example 1: House Prices in Boston 80
4.4 Data Summaries 81
4.5 Correlation Analysis 84
4.6 Reducing the Number of Categories in Categorical Variables 85
4.7 Converting A Categorical Variable to A Numerical Variable 86
4.8 Principal Components Analysis 86
Example 2: Breakfast Cereals 87
Principal Components 92
Normalizing the Data 93
Using Principal Components for Classification and Prediction 94
4.9 Dimension Reduction Using Regression Models 96
4.10 Dimension Reduction Using Classification and Regression Trees 96
Problems 97
PART III PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
CHAPTER 5 Evaluating Predictive Performance 101
5.1 Introduction 101
5.2 Evaluating Predictive Performance 102
Benchmark: The Average 102
Prediction Accuracy Measures 103
5.3 Judging Classifier Performance 106
Benchmark: The Naive Rule 107
Class Separation 107
The Classification Matrix 107
Using the Validation Data 109
Accuracy Measures 109
Cutoff for Classification 110
Performance in Unequal Importance of Classes 114
Asymmetric Misclassification Costs 116
5.4 Judging Ranking Performance 119
5.5 Oversampling 123
Problems 129
PART IV PREDICTION AND CLASSIFICATION METHODS
CHAPTER 6 Multiple Linear Regression 134
6.1 Introduction 134
6.2 Explanatory vs. Predictive Modeling 135
6.3 Estimating the Regression Equation and Prediction 136
Example: Predicting the Price of Used Toyota Corolla Cars 137
6.4 Variable Selection in Linear Regression 141
Reducing the Number of Predictors 141
How to Reduce the Number of Predictors 142
Problems 147
CHAPTER 7 k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) 151
7.1 The k-NN Classifier (categorical outcome) 151
Determining Neighbors 151
Classification Rule 152
Example: Riding Mowers 152
Choosing k 154
Setting the Cutoff Value 154
7.2 k-NN for a Numerical Response 156
7.3 Advantages and Shortcomings of k-NN Algorithms 158
Problems 160
CHAPTER 8 The Naive Bayes Classifier 162
8.1 Introduction 162
Example 1: Predicting Fraudulent Financial Reporting 163
8.2 Applying the Full (Exact) Bayesian Classifier 164
8.3 Advantages and Shortcomings of the Naive Bayes Classifier 172
Advantages and Shortcomings of the naive Bayes Classifier 172
Problems 176
CHAPTER 9 Classification and Regression Trees 178
9.1 Introduction 178
9.2 Classification Trees 179
Example 1: Riding Mowers 180
9.3 Measures of Impurity 183
9.4 Evaluating the Performance of a Classification Tree 187
Example 2: Acceptance of Personal Loan 188
9.5 Avoiding Overfitting 192
Stopping Tree Growth: CHAID 192
Pruning the Tree 193
9.6 Classification Rules from Trees 198
9.7 Classification Trees for More Than two Classes 198
9.8 Regression Trees 198
Prediction 199
Measuring Impurity 200
Evaluating Performance 200
9.9 Advantages and Weaknesses of a Tree 200
9.10 Improving Prediction: Multiple Trees 202
Problems 205
CHAPTER 10 Logistic Regression 209
10.1 Introduction 209
10.2 The Logistic Regression Model 211
Example: Acceptance of Personal Loan 212
Model with a Single Predictor 214
Estimating the Logistic Model from Data 215
Interpreting Results in Terms of Odds 218
10.3 Evaluating Classification Performance 219
Variable Selection 220
10.4 Example of Complete Analysis: Predicting Delayed Flights 222
Data Preprocessing 224
Model Fitting and Estimation 224
Model Interpretation 226
Model Performance 226
Variable Selection 227
10.5 Appendix: Logistic Regression for Profiling 231
Appendix A: Why Linear Regression Is Problematic for a Categorical Response 231
Appendix B: Evaluating Explanatory Power 233
Appendix C: Logistic Regression for More Than Two Classes 235
Problems 239
CHAPTER 11 Neural Nets 242
11.1 Introduction 242
11.2 Concept and Structure of a Neural Network 243
11.3 Fitting a Network to Data 243
Example 1: Tiny Dataset 244
Computing Output of Nodes 245
Preprocessing the Data 248
Training the Model 248
Example 2: Classifying Accident Severity 253
Avoiding overfitting 254
Using the Output for Prediction and Classification 258
11.4 Required User Input 258
11.5 Exploring the Relationship Between Predictors and Response 259
11.6 Advantages and Weaknesses of Neural Networks 261
Problems 262
CHAPTER 12 Discriminant Analysis 264
12.1 Introduction 264
Example 1: Riding Mowers 265
Example 2: Personal Loan Acceptance 265
12.2 Distance of an Observation from a Class 267
12.3 Fisher’s Linear Classification Functions 268
12.4 Classification Performance of Discriminant Analysis 272
12.5 Prior Probabilities 273
12.6 Unequal Misclassification Costs 274
12.7 Classifying More Than Two Classes 274
Example 3: Medical Dispatch to Accident Scenes 274
12.8 Advantages and Weaknesses 277
Problems 279
CHAPTER 13 Combining Methods: Ensembles and Uplift Modeling 282
13.1 Ensembles 282
Why Ensembles Can Improve Predictive Power 283
Simple Averaging 284
Bagging 286
Boosting 286
Advantages and Weaknesses of Ensembles 286
13.2 Uplift (Persuasion) Modeling 287
A-B Testing 287
Uplift 288
Gathering the Data 288
A Simple Model 289
Modeling Individual Uplift 290
Using the Results of an Uplift Model 292
13.3 Summary 292
Problems 293
PART V MINING RELATIONSHIPS AMONG RECORDS
CHAPTER 14 Association Rules and Collaborative Filtering 297
14.1 Association Rules 297
Discovering Association Rules in Transaction Databases 298
Example 1: Purchases of Phone Faceplates 298
Generating Candidate Rules 298
The Apriori Algorithm 301
Selecting Strong Rules 301
Data Format 303
The Process of Rule Selection 304
Interpreting the Results 306
Rules and Chance 306
Example 2: Rules for Similar Book Purchases 308
14.2 Collaborative Filtering1 310
Data Type and Format 311
Example 3: Netflix Prize Contest 311
User-Based Collaborative Filtering: “People Like You” 312
Item-Based Collaborative Filtering 315
Advantages and Weaknesses of Collaborative Filtering 316
Collaborative Filtering vs. Association Rules 316
14.3 Summary 318
Problems 320
CHAPTER 15 Cluster Analysis 324
15.1 Introduction 324
Example: Public Utilities 326
15.2 Measuring Distance Between Two Observations 328
Euclidean Distance 328
Normalizing Numerical Measurements 328
Other Distance Measures for Numerical Data 329
Distance Measures for Categorical Data 331
Distance Measures for Mixed Data 331
15.3 Measuring Distance Between Two Clusters 332
15.4 Hierarchical (Agglomerative) Clustering 334
Single Linkage 335
Complete Linkage 335
Average Linkage 336
Centroid Linkage 336
Dendrograms: Displaying Clustering Process and Results 337
Validating Clusters 339
Limitations of Hierarchical Clustering 340
15.5 Non-hierarchical Clustering: The k-Means Algorithm 341
Initial Partition into k Clusters 342
Problems 346
PART VI FORECASTING TIME SERIES
CHAPTER 16 Handling Time Series 351
16.1 Introduction 351
16.2 Descriptive vs. Predictive Modeling 352
16.3 Popular Forecasting Methods in Business 353
Combining Methods 353
16.4 Time Series Components 354
Example: Ridership on Amtrak Trains 354
16.5 Data Partitioning and Performance Evaluation 358
Benchmark Performance: Naive Forecasts 359
Generating Future Forecasts 359
Problems 361
CHAPTER 17 Regression-Based Forecasting 364
17.1 A Model with Trend 364
Linear Trend 364
Exponential Trend 366
Polynomial Trend 369
17.2 A Model with Seasonality 370
17.3 A model with trend and seasonality 371
17.4 Autocorrelation and ARIMA Models 371
Computing Autocorrelation 374
Improving Forecasts by Integrating Autocorrelation Information 376
Evaluating Predictability 380
Problems 382
CHAPTER 18 Smoothing Methods 392
18.1 Introduction 392
18.2 Moving Average 393
Centered Moving Average for Visualization 393
Trailing Moving Average for Forecasting 395
Choosing Window Width (w) 399
18.3 Simple Exponential Smoothing 399
Choosing Smoothing Parameter 400
Relation Between Moving Average and Simple Exponential Smoothing 401
18.4 Advanced Exponential Smoothing 402
Series with a Trend 402
Series with a Trend and Seasonality 403
Series with Seasonality (No Trend) 403
Problems 405
PART VII DATA ANALYTICS
CHAPTER 19 Social Network Analytics 415
19.1 Introduction 415
19.2 Directed vs. Undirected Networks 416
19.3 Visualizing and analyzing networks 418
Graph Layout 418
Adjacency List 421
Adjacency Matrix 422
Using Network Data in Classification and Prediction 422
19.4 Social Data Metrics and Taxonomy 423
Node-Level Centrality Metrics 423
Egocentric Network 424
Network Metrics 425
19.5 Using Network Metrics in Prediction and Classification 427
Link Prediction 427
Entity Resolution 427
Collaborative Filtering 428
Advantages and Disadvantages 431
Problems 434
CHAPTER 20 Text Mining 436
20.1 Introduction 436
20.2 The Spreadsheet Representation of Text: “Bag-of-Words” 437
20.3 Bag-of-Words vs. Meaning Extraction at Document Level 437
20.4 Preprocessing the Text 438
Tokenization 439
Text Reduction 439
Presence/Absence vs. Frequency 440
Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) 441
From Terms to Concepts: Latent Semantic Indexing 441
Extracting Meaning 441
20.5 Implementing data mining methods 442
20.6 Example: Online Discussions on Autos and Electronics 442
Importing and Labeling the Records 443
Tokenization 444
Text Processing and Reduction 444
Producing a Concept Matrix 444
Labeling the Documents 447
Fitting a Model 447
Prediction 449
20.7 Summary 449
Problems 450
PART VIII CASES
CHAPTER 21 Cases 454
21.1 Charles Book Club2 454
21.2 German Credit 463
21.3 Tayko Software Cataloger3 468
21.4 Political Persuasion4 472
21.5 Taxi Cancellations5 475
21.6 Segmenting Consumers of Bath Soap6 477
21.7 Direct-Mail Fundraising 480
21.8 Catalog Cross-Selling7 483
21.9 Predicting Bankruptcy 484
21.10Time Series Case: Forecasting Public Transportation Demand 487
References 489
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 17.6.2016 |
|---|---|
| Verlagsort | New York |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 185 x 257 mm |
| Gewicht | 1293 g |
| Themenwelt | Informatik ► Datenbanken ► Data Warehouse / Data Mining |
| Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Office Programme | |
| Informatik ► Weitere Themen ► Hardware | |
| Mathematik / Informatik ► Mathematik | |
| Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management | |
| Wirtschaft ► Volkswirtschaftslehre ► Ökonometrie | |
| ISBN-10 | 1-118-72927-7 / 1118729277 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-1-118-72927-4 / 9781118729274 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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