Crisis Communication

W. Timothy Coombs (PhD Purdue University in Public Affairs and Issues Management) is the George T and Glady H Abell Professor in Liberal Arts in Department of Communication at Texas A&M University.  His primary areas of research are crisis communication and CSR including the award-winning book Ongoing Crisis Communication. He is the current editor for Corporation Communication:  An International Journal.  His research has appeared in Management Communication Quarterly, Public Relations Review, Corporate Reputation Review, Journal of Public Relations Research, Journal of Communication Management, Business Horizons, and the Journal of Business Communication.

VOLUME ONE: ORIGINS OF CRISIS COMMUNICATION
RHETORICAL ORIGINS OF CRISIS COMMUNICATION
Overview to Crisis Communication
Crisis Communication - W. Timothy Coombs
A Developing Field
Crisis Communication - William Crandall, John Parnell and John Spillan
Crisis Communication - W. Timothy Coombs
CORPORATION APOLOGIA
CBS versus Mobil Oil - G. Dionisopolous and S. Vibbert
Charges of Creative Book-Keeping in 1979
Apologies and Public Relations Crises at Chrysler, Toshiba and Volvo - Keith Hearit
Corporate Apologia - Keith Hearit
When an Organization Speaks in Defense of Itself
Corporate Publics and Rhetorical Strategies - Richard Ice
The Case of Union Carbide′s Bhopal Crisis
Treachery by Any Other Name - Jeffrey Hobbs
A Case Study of the Toshiba Public Relations Crisis
IMAGE RESTORATION
Image Restoration Theory - William Benoit
A Theory of Image Restoration - William Benoit
A Critical Analysis of USAir′s Image Repair Discourse - William Benoit and Anne Czerwinski
IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT
Legitimation Endeavors - Maria Watkins Allen and Rachel Caillouet
Impression Management Strategies Used by an Organization in Crisis
Managing Organizational Legitimacy - Joseph Massey
Communication Strategies for Organizations in Crisis
FOCUSING EVENT
ValuJet fFight 592 - D. Fishman
Crisis Communication Theory Blended and Extended
WIDER VIEW OF STRATEGY
Communicating through Crisis - David Sturges
A Strategy for Organizational Survival
Crisis Communication Strategies in the Media Coverage of Chemical Accidents - J. Sherry Holladay
Crisis Situations, Communication Strategies and Media Coverage - Yi-Hui Huang
A Multicase Study Revisiting the Communicative Response Model
Communications Strategies in Crisis - Patrick Lagadec
Communicating in a Crisis - Valerie Noel
Choosing the Right Vehicle
Communicating with Stakeholders during a Crisis - Keri Stephens, Patty Callish Malone and Christine Bailey
Evaluating Message Strategies
MARKETING TIES TO CRISIS COMMUNICATION
Consumer Reaction to Negative Publicity - Dwane Dean
Effects of Corporate Reputation, Response and Responsibility for a Crisis Event
Further Information on Consumer Perceptions of Product Recalls - John Mowen
Corporate Social Responsibility and Consumers′ Attributions and Brand Evaluations in a Product-Harm Crisis - Jill Klein and Niraj Dawar
VOLUME TWO: THEORY DEVELOPMENT IN CRISIS COMMUNICATION
CONTINGENCY THEORY
Making Sense in Crisis Communication - Yan Jin
How publics′ Crisis Appraisals Influence Their Negative Emotions, Coping Strategy Preferences and Crisis Response Acceptance
Emotions Matter in Crisis - Hyo Kim and Glen Cameron
The Role of Anger and Sadness in the Public′s Response to Crisis News Framing and Corporate Crisis Response
The Effects of Threat Type and Duration on Public Relations Practitioner′s Cognitive, Affective and Conative Responses to Crisis Situations - Yan Jin and Glen Cameron
Integrated Crisis Mapping - Yan Jin , Augustine Pang and Glen Cameron
Towards a Publics-Based, Emotion-Driven Conceptualization in Crisis Communication
SITUATIONAL CRISIS COMMUNICATION THEORY
Choosing the Right Words - W. Timothy Coombs
The Development of Guidelines for the Selection of the ′Appropriate′ Crisis Response Strategies
Restoring Reputations in Times of Crisis - An-Sofie Claeys, Veolien Cauberghe and Patrick Vyncke
An Experimental Study of the Situational Crisis Communication Theory and the Moderating Effects of Locus of Control
Helping Crisis Managers Protect Reputational Assets - W. Timothy Coombs and J. Sherry Holladay
Initial Tests of the Situational Crisis Communication Theory
The Negative Communication Dynamic - W. Timothy Coombs and J. Sherry Holladay
Exploring the Impact of Stakeholder Affect on Behavioral Intentions
An Empirical Analysis of Image Restoration - Timothy Coombs and Lainen Schmidt
Texaco′s Racism Crisis
Stakeholder Attributions in Crises - Andreas Schwarz
The Effects of Co-Variation Information and Attributional Inferences on Organizational Reputation
Message Strategies and Forgiveness during Crises - Bitt Beach Moon and Yunna Rheem
Effects of Causal Attributions and Apology Appeal Types on Forgiveness
Situational Crisis Communication Theory - W. Timothy Coombs
RHETORICAL ARENA
Apologizing in a Globalizing World: Crisis Communication and Apologetic Ethics - Finn Frandsen and Winni Johansen
DISCOURSE OF RENEWAL
Effective Crisis Management through Established Stakeholder Relationships - Robert Ulmer
Malden Mills as a Case Study
Expanding the Parameters of Crisis Communication - Matthew Seeger, Timothy Sellnow and Robert Ulmer
From Chaos to Renewal
COMPLEXITY
Symmetry, Contingency, Complexity - Priscilla Murphy
Accommodating Uncertainty in Public Relations Theory
PRACTITIONER FOCUS
How Do the News Media Frame Crisis? A Content Analysis of Crisis News Coverage - Seon-Kyoung An and Karla Gower
Stormy Weather - Laura Arpan and Donnalyn Pompper
Testing ′Stealing Thunder′ as a Crisis Communication Strategy to Improve Communication Flow between Organizations and Journalists
Crisis Response and Crisis Timing Strategies - An-Sofie Claeys and Verolien Cauberghe
Two Sides of the Same Coin
Crisis Planning and Preparation in the Unites States Tourism Industry - Lori Pennington-Gray et al
The Role of Human Resource Development Competencies in Facilitating Effective Crisis Communication - Anne Reilly
Public Relations and Crisis Communication - Matthew Seeger, Timothy Sellnow and Robert Ulmer
Organizing and Chaos
VOLUME THREE: CRISIS COMMUNICATION CONNECTS WITH OTHER STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION FIELDS
ISSUES MANAGEMENT
An Integrated Symmetrical Model for Crisis Communications Management - Alfonso González-Herrero and Cornelius Pratt
Issue Management as a Post-Crisis Discipline - Tony Jaques
Identifying and Responding to Issue Impacts beyond the Crisis
Issue Management and Crisis Management - Tony Jaques
An Integrated, Non-Linear, Relational Construct
Issues Management and Crisis Communication - Robert Heath
Preparing for the Worst
Anticipatory Model of Crisis Management - Bolanle Olaniran and David Williams
RISK COMMUNICATION
Anticipating or Precipitating Crisis? Health Agencies May Not Be Heeding Best Practice Advice in Avian Flu Press Releases - Elizabeth Johnson Avery and Sora Kim
Effective Communication during an Influenza Pandemic - Barbara Reynolds and Sandra Crouse Quinn
The Value of Using a Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication Framework
Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication in a Pandemic - Sandra Crouse Quinn
A Model for Building Capacity and Resilience of Minority Communities
Toward a Synthesis Model of Crisis Communication in the Public Sector - J. Suzanne Horsley and Randolph Barker
An Initial Investigation
Crisis and Risk Approaches to Emergency Management Planning and Communication - Robert Heath, Jaesub Lee and Lan Ni
The Role of Similarity and Sensitivity
Strategic Risk Communication - Michael Palenchar and Robert Heath
Adding Value to Society
REPUTATION MANAGEMENT AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Agenda-Setting Effects of Business News on the Public′s Image and Opinions about Major Corporations - Craig Carroll and Maxwell McCombs
Protecting Organization Reputations during a Crisis - W. Timothy Coombs
The Development and Application of Situational Crisis Communication Theory
Sustainability - W. Timothy Coombs
A New and Complex ′Challenge′ for Crisis Managers
Unpacking the Halo Effect - W. Timothy Coombs and J. Sherry Holladay
Reputation and Crisis Management
Media Reputation as a Strategic Resource - David Deephouse
An Integration of Mass Communication and Resource-Based Theories
Effects of Apologies and Crisis Responsibility on Corporate and Spokesperson Reputation - Joost Verhoeven et al
CRISIS LEADERSHIP
Linking Crisis Management and Leadership Competencies - Lynn Perry Wooten and Erika Hayes James
The Role of Human Resource Development
VOLUME FOUR: CRISIS COMMUNICATION EVOLVES: DIGITAL CHANNELS, GLOBALIZATION AND CRITIQUES
DIGITAL CHANNELS
Websites
Internet-Based Communication in Crisis Management - Danielle Perry, Maureen Taylor and Marya Doerfel
The Diffusion of Traditional and New Media Tactics in Crisis Communication - Maureen Taylor and Danielle Perry
SOCIAL MEDIA
Intention to Comply with Crisis Communicated via Social Media - Karen Freberg
Is the Medium the Message? Perceptions of and Reactions to Crisis Communication via Twitter, Blogs and Traditional Media - Friederike Schultz, Sonja Utz and Anja Goritz
How Public Use Social Media to Respond to Blame Games in Crisis Communication - Andreas Schwarz
The Love Parade Tragedy in Duisburg, 2010
Effects of Narratives, Openness to Dialogic Communication and Credibility on Engagement in Crisis Communication through Organizational Blogs - Sung-Un Yang, Minjeong Kang and Philip Johnson
Crisis in a Networked World - Leysia Palen et al
Features of Computer-Mediated Communication in the April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech Event
Examining the Role of Social Media in Effective Crisis Management - Yan Jin, Brooke Fisher Liu and Lucinda Austin
The Effects of Crisis Origin, Information Form and Source of Publics′ Crisis Response
PARACRISIS
The Paracrisis - W. Timothy Coombs and J. Sherry Holladay
The Challenges Created by Publicly Managing Crisis Prevention
Paracrisis - W. Timothy Coombs
GLOBALIZATION AND CRISIS COMMUNICATION
When in Rome? The Effects of Spokesperson Ethnicity on Audience Evaluation of Crisis Communication - Laura Arpan
Six Years and Counting - Falguni Sen and William Egelhoff
Leaning from Crisis Management at Bhopal
Crisis Communication as a Multilevel Game - Kristina Lindholm and Eva-Karin Olsson
The Muhammad Cartoons from a Crisis Diplomacy Perspective
After the Tsunami - Nigel Jackson
Crisis Communication in Finland and Sweden
Crisis Communicative Strategies in Taiwan - Yi-Hui Huang, Ying-Hsuan Lin and Shih-Hsin Su
Category, Continuum and Cultural Implication
Audience-Oriented Approach to Crisis Communication - Betty Kaman Lee
A Study of Hong Kong Consumers′ Evaluations of an Organizational Crisis
Flying Different Skies - M. Pinsdorff
How Cultures Respond to Airline Disaster
CRITICAL VIEWS OF CRISIS COMMUNICATION
Liability Means Never Being Able to Say You′re Sorry - Lisa Tyler
Corporate Guilt, Legal Constraints and Defensiveness in Corporate Communication
What Is a Public Relations ′Crisis′? Refocusing Crisis Research - M. Kent