Introduction to the Practice of Fishery Science, Revised Edition (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Introduction to the Practice of Fishery Science 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Preface 12
Part l: The Challenges to Fishery Scientists 14
Summary 14
Chapter 1. Expansion of Fishery Problems 16
1.1 Market Fisheries 17
1.2 Recreational Fisheries 19
1.3 Competition for Water 20
1.4 Common Property Resources 20
1.5 Aquaculture 21
1.6 Changing Goals and Laws 22
Reference 24
Chapter 2. Work of Fishery Scientists 26
2.1 Scope of Fishery Science Institutional Activities 27
2.2 Scope of Fishery Research 33
References 37
Chapter 3. Professional Careers 38
3.1 Knowers and Doers 39
3.2 Application of the Sciences 40
3.3 Historical Trends 40
3.4 Serving Society as Strategic Thinkers 42
3.5 Ethical Responsibilities 43
3.6 Functions of Professional Fishery Scientists 45
3.7 Role of Professional and Scientific Societies 48
3.8 Career Planning Strategy 49
References 51
Part II: The Traditional Science 52
Summary 52
Chapter 4. The Aquatic Environment 53
4.1 Hydrology and the Water Cycle 54
4.2 Streams and Rivers 56
4.3 Bottoms and Basins 60
4.4 Physical Properties of Water 64
4.5 Dissolved Materials 78
4.6 Photosynthesis 85
4.7 Circulation 87
4.8 Summary: The Ocean Environment of Fish and Fishing 103
References 104
Chapter 5. Food Chain and Resource Organisms 105
5.1 Identification and Nomenclature 105
5.2 Classification 109
5.3 Major Groups 110
References 146
Chapter 6. Biology of Aquatic Resource Organisms 148
6.1 Senses 149
6.2 Respiration 158
6.3 Osmoregulation 159
6.4 Schooling 160
6.5 Food and Feeding 161
6.6 Reproduction and Early Development 167
6.7 Age and Growth 179
References 197
Chapter 7. Ecological Concepts 198
7.1 Single-Species Populations 199
7.2 Communities and Ecosystems 211
7.3 Trophic Relationships 220
7.4 Evolutionary Adaptation 224
7.5 Ecology and Fishery Science 226
References 197
Chapter 8. Analysis of Exploited Populations 228
8.1 Application of Ecological Concepts: A Chapter Summary 229
8.2 An Example of the Catch Trend in a New Fishery 231
8.3 Stocks and Migrations 233
8.4 Collection of Basic Data 247
8.5 Availability and Gear Selectivity 252
8.6 Recruitment 254
8.7 Stock Size 260
8.8 Survival and Mortality 265
8.9 Growth 271
8.10 Yield Models 272
References 278
Chapter 9. Aquacultural Sciences 280
9.1 Control of Environment 281
9.2 Amenable Species 285
9.3 Selective Breeding 287
9.4 Nutrition 290
9.5 Pathology and Medicine 294
References 299
Part III: Application of Sciences 300
Summary 300
Chapter 10. The Capture Fisheries 303
10.1 Fishing Gear 303
10.2 Statistical Perspectives on the Capture Fisheries 308
10.3 Trends ill Production and Use 316
10.4 Fishing Systems 320
10.5 Role of Fishery Scientists 324
References 326
Chapter 11. The Culture Fisheries 327
11.1 Perspectives on the Culture Fisheries 327
11.2 Major Aquacultural Systems 331
11.3 Seed Production 340
11.4 Health and Quality Maintenance 343
11.5 Some Public Policy Issues 345
11.6 Role of Fishery Scientists 346
References 347
Chapter 12. Food Fishery Products 348
12.1 Characteristics of Fish Flesh 349
12.2 Methods of Preservation 354
12.3 Quality 357
12.4 Marketing Strategy 362
12.5 Role of Fishery Scientists 365
References 366
Chapter 13. Regulation of Fishing 367
13.1 Origins of Public Policy 368
13.2 Principles of Public Action 369
13.3 Current Regulatory Objectives 371
13.4 Regulatory Decisions 374
13.5 Establishment of a New Fishery Regulatory Regime 377
13.6 Implementation of the New law of the Sea 381
13.7 Role of Fishery Scientists 381
References 383
Chapter 14. Aquatic Environmental Management 384
14.1 Trends in Water Use Policy 385
14.2 Environmental Impact Assessment 386
14.3 The Scope of Aquatic Environmental Change 387
14.4 Strategy for Protection 393
14.5 Environmental Improvement 402
14.6 Role of Fishery Scientists 408
14.7 An Outstanding Success 409
References 410
Chapter 15. Fishery Development and Restoration 411
15.1 Role of Government 412
15.2 Perspectives on Fishery Development 413
15.3 National Assistance 421
15.4 International Assistance 422
15.5 Project Planning and Execution 424
15.6 Institutional Development 425
15.7 Role of Fishery Scientists 428
References 430
Appendix A. A Code of Professional Ethics 431
Code of Practices 431
Appendix B.Excerpts Pertaining to Fisheries from the Law of the Sea 434
Text 434
Bibliography 438
Index 456