Conducting Organic Materials and Devices (eBook)

Front cover 1
Conducting Organic Materials and Devices 4
Copyright page 5
Contents 6
Preface 10
Chapter 1. Introduction 12
1.1. Advantages of Conducting Polymers 12
1.2. Early Attempts for Applications 13
1.3. Growth and Properties 13
1.4. Active Devices 15
Chapter 2. Polyacetylene 18
2.1. Structure, Growth, and Properties 18
2.2. Band structure of t-PA 20
2.3. The Solitons and the Polarons 23
2.4. Transport Properties 27
Chapter 3. Optical and Transport Properties 34
3.1. Effect of Electric Field on Photoluminescence (PL) 34
3.2. The Dielectric Constant 38
3.3. Space Charge Limited Currents 39
3.4. Polymers: The Solids with Traps 43
3.5. Exponential Traps 46
3.6. Relaxation of the Approximation pt»p 46
3.7. Effect of Finite (Non-Zero) Schottky Barrier 49
3.8. Combined Effect 55
3.9. Temperature Effects 55
3.10. Mobility Model of Charge Transport 66
3.11. Unified Model 66
3.12. High Field or Poole-Frenkel Effect 69
3.13. Mobility of Charge Carriers 73
3.14. Important Formulas 75
3.15. Summary of This Chapter 75
Chapter 4. Light Emitting Diodes and Lasers 78
4.1. Early Work 78
4.2. Blue, Green and White Emission 81
4.3. Comparison with Other LEDs 91
4.4. Organic Solid State Lasers 92
4.5. Quantum Efficiency and Degradation 94
4.6. Stability 97
4.7. Soluble New 5-coordinated Al-Complexes 102
4.8. Summary and Conclusions 105
Chapter 5. Solar Cells 106
5.1. Introduction 106
5.2. Solar Cells 106
5.3. Source of Voc in BHSCs 115
5.4. Optimum PCBM Concentration 118
5.5. Modeling the Output Characteristics 123
5.6. Comparison with Other Solar Cells 128
5.7. Summary and Conclusions 133
Chapter 6. Transistors 134
6.1. Importance of Organic TFTs 134
6.2. Early Work 135
6.3. Effect of Traps 137
6.4. High Field Effects 138
6.5. Transport in Polycrystalline Organics 141
6.6. Pentacene TFTs 142
6.7. Contacts 149
6.8. Organic Phototransistor 151
6.9. Organic Dielectrics 154
Bibliography 158
Index 168
Contents of Volumes in this Series 178