Handbook of Industrial Hydrocarbon Processes -  James G. Speight

Handbook of Industrial Hydrocarbon Processes (eBook)

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2010 | 1. Auflage
602 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-094271-1 (ISBN)
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Written by an author with over 38 years of experience in the chemical and petrochemical process industry, this handbook will present an analysis of the process steps used to produce industrial hydrocarbons from various raw materials. It is the first book to offer a thorough analysis of external factors effecting production such as: cost, availability and environmental legislation.
An A-Z list of raw materials and their properties are presented along with a commentary regarding their cost and availability. Specific processing operations described in the book include: distillation, thermal cracking and coking, catalytic methods, hydroprocesses, thermal and catalytic reforming, isomerization, alkylation processes, polymerization processes, solvent processes, water removal, fractionation and acid gas removal.
o Flow diagrams and descriptions of more than 250 leading-edge process technologies.
o An analysis of chemical reactions and process steps that are required to produce chemicals from various raw materials
o Properties, availability and environmental impact of various raw materials used in hydrocarbon processing


James G. Speight is a senior fuel consultant as well as an Adjunct Professor of Chemical and Fuels Engineering at the University of Utah, USA. He is recognized internationally as an expert in the characterization, properties, and processing of conventional and synthetic fuels and as a chemist with more than 35 years of experience in thermal/process chemistry, thermodynamics, refining of petroleum, heavy oil, and tar sand bitumen, and physics of crude with emphasis on distillation, visbreaking, coking units, and oil-rock or oil catalyst interactions. Speight is currently Editor-in-Chief for the Journal of Petroleum Science and Technology, Energy Sources-Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, and Energy Sources-Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy. He is also the author/editor/compiler of more than 25 books and bibliographies related to fossil fuel processing and environmental issues.
Speight was Chief Scientific Officer and then Chief Executive Officer of the Western Research Institute, Laramie, WY, USA, from 1984 to 2000. During this period he led a staff of more that 150 scientists, engineers, and technicians in developing new technology for gas processing, petroleum, shale oil, tar sand bitumen, and asphalt. Speight has considerable expertise in evaluating new technologies for patentability and commercial application. As a result of his work, he was awarded the Diploma of Honor, National Petroleum Engineering Society, for outstanding contributions to the petroleum industry in 1995 and the Gold Medal of Russian Academy of Sciences (Natural) for outstanding work in the area of petroleum science in 1996. He has also received the Specialist Invitation Program Speakers Award from NEDO (New Energy Development Organization, Government of Japan) in 1987 and again in 1996 for his contributions to coal research. In 2001, he was also awarded the Einstein Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Natural) in recognition of outstanding contributions and
Written by an author with over 38 years of experience in the chemical and petrochemical process industry, this handbook will present an analysis of the process steps used to produce industrial hydrocarbons from various raw materials. It is the first book to offer a thorough analysis of external factors effecting production such as: cost, availability and environmental legislation. An A-Z list of raw materials and their properties are presented along with a commentary regarding their cost and availability. Specific processing operations described in the book include: distillation, thermal cracking and coking, catalytic methods, hydroprocesses, thermal and catalytic reforming, isomerization, alkylation processes, polymerization processes, solvent processes, water removal, fractionation and acid gas removal. Flow diagrams and descriptions of more than 250 leading-edge process technologies An analysis of chemical reactions and process steps that are required to produce chemicals from various raw materials Properties, availability and environmental impact of various raw materials used in hydrocarbon processing

Front Cover 1
Handbook of Industrial Hydrocarbon Processes 4
Copyright 5
Contents 6
Preface 14
Chapter 1 Chemistry and Chemical Technology 16
1 Introduction 17
2 Organic chemistry 18
3 Chemical engineering 22
4 Chemical technology 24
5 Hydrocarbons 28
6 Non-hydrocarbons 40
7 Properties of hydrocarbons 46
References 56
Chapter 2 Sources of Hydrocarbons 58
1 Introduction 58
2 Natural products – Reservoirs and deposits 61
References 98
Chapter 3 Hydrocarbons from Petroleum 100
1 Introduction 101
2 Gaseous products 104
3 Naphtha 107
4 Gasoline 115
5 Kerosene and related fuels 122
6 Diesel fuel 125
7 Gas oil and fuel oil 126
8 Lubricating oil 128
9 Wax 137
References 140
Chapter 4 Production of Hydrocarbons from Natural Gas 142
1 Introduction 142
2 Gas processing 144
3 Natural gas hydrates 159
4 Hydrocarbon products 167
References 177
Chapter 5 Hydrocarbons from Coal 178
1 Introduction 179
2 Occurrence and reserves 180
3 Formation and types 181
4 Mining and preparation 184
5 Properties 189
6 Hydrocarbons from coal 190
7 Liquid hydrocarbons 206
8 Solid hydrocarbons 214
References 215
Chapter 6 Hydrocarbons from Oil Shale 218
1 Introduction 218
2 History 220
3 Origin 226
4 Kerogen 227
5 Occurrence 230
6 Hydrocarbon fuels 232
7 Refining shale oil 238
8 Environmental aspects 247
9 The future 251
References 253
Chapter 7 Hydrocarbons from Biomass 256
1 Introduction 256
2 Wood 261
3 Plants 279
4 Biomass conversion 290
References 293
Chapter 8 Hydrocarbons from Synthesis Gas 296
1 Introduction 296
2 Coal gasification 300
3 Gasification of petroleum fractions 306
4 Gasification of other feedstocks 319
5 Fischer–Tropsch process 321
References 338
Chapter 9 Chemical and Physical Properties of Hydrocarbons 340
1 Introduction 340
2 Stereochemistry 341
3 Molecular weight 344
4 Chemical properties 345
5 Physical properties 350
References 367
Chapter 10 Combustion of Hydrocarbons 370
1 Introduction 370
2 Combustion chemistry 373
3 Slow combustion 377
4 Rapid combustion 379
5 Complete and incomplete combustion 381
6 Spontaneous combustion 382
7 Process parameters 384
8 Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels 390
References 408
Chapter 11 Thermal Decomposition of Hydrocarbons 410
1 Introduction 410
2 Thermal decomposition 411
3 Catalytic decomposition 421
4 Dehydrogenation 433
5 Dehydrocyclization 437
References 442
Chapter 12 Petrochemicals 444
1 Introduction 444
2 Chemicals from paraffins 457
3 Chemicals from olefins 462
4 Chemicals from aromatic hydrocarbons 468
5 Chemicals from acetylene 470
6 Chemicals from natural gas 475
7 Chemicals from synthesis gas 478
References 480
Chapter 13 Pharmaceuticals 482
1 Introduction 482
2 History 483
3 Hydrocarbon pharmaceuticals 486
4 Misuse and toxicity of hydrocarbons 502
References 511
Chapter 14 Monomers, Polymers, and Plastics 514
1 Introduction 514
2 Polymerization 516
3 Polymers 522
4 Plastics 541
References 551
Chapter 15 Environmental Effects of Hydrocarbons 554
1 Introduction 554
2 Release into the environment 557
3 Analysis of hydrocarbons in the environment 561
4 Toxicity hazards 580
5 Remediation of hydrocarbon spills 587
References 590
Glossary 592
Index 646

Erscheint lt. Verlag 24.12.2010
Sprache englisch
Themenwelt Naturwissenschaften Chemie Technische Chemie
Technik Bergbau
Technik Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
Technik Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
Wirtschaft
ISBN-10 0-08-094271-7 / 0080942717
ISBN-13 978-0-08-094271-1 / 9780080942711
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