Microturbines -  Claire Soares

Microturbines (eBook)

Applications for Distributed Energy Systems
eBook Download: PDF
2011 | 1. Auflage
320 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-054948-4 (ISBN)
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Small-scale gas turbines, known as Microturbines, represent an exciting new development in gas turbine technology. They can run in size from small, human-scale machines down to micro-sized mini-machines that can barely be seen by the naked eye. They also run a great diversity of fuel types, from various types of commercial gases to waste-generated gases. This new book by industry expert Claire Soares will fully describe the various types of microturbines, their applications, and their particular requirements for installation, maintenance and repair. It will explain how a microturbine the size of a refrigerator can power an entire school, hospital or small factory, which is particularly useful for onsite, remote installations. The book will also show how microturbines can be paired with one or more fuel cells to form a hybrid energy source, or can be teamed with any source of distributed power, such as a mall hydro-turbine or a wind turbine. Moreover, the reader will learn how microturbines can run on a variety of fuels that are far cruder than those required by most standard gas turbines, they can be made to run, for instance, using gas from a landfill or biomass source. The reader will find detailed information on costs, specifications, and maintenance and repair guidelines. Ample references and resources will provide the reader with tools for finding manufacturers and product specifications for their own particular needs.



?Covers major categories of microturbines, including factors common to their design, installation, operation, optimization, maintenance, and repair
?Invaluable guidance on market factors and economics affecting microturbines and their applications, particularly for distributed power generation
?Provides current case studies showing microturbines used in hybrid systems with fuel cells and other types of power generation systems
Small-scale gas turbines, known as Microturbines, represent an exciting new development in gas turbine technology. They can run in size from small, human-scale machines down to micro-sized mini-machines that can barely be seen by the naked eye. They also run a great diversity of fuel types, from various types of commercial gases to waste-generated gases. This new book by industry expert Claire Soares will fully describe the various types of microturbines, their applications, and their particular requirements for installation, maintenance and repair. It will explain how a microturbine the size of a refrigerator can power an entire school, hospital or small factory, which is particularly useful for onsite, remote installations. The book will also show how microturbines can be paired with one or more fuel cells to form a hybrid energy source, or can be teamed with any source of distributed power, such as a mall hydro-turbine or a wind turbine. Moreover, the reader will learn how microturbines can run on a variety of fuels that are far cruder than those required by most standard gas turbines; they can be made to run, for instance, using gas from a landfill or biomass source. The reader will find detailed information on costs, specifications, and maintenance and repair guidelines. Ample references and resources will provide the reader with tools for finding manufacturers and product specifications for their own particular needs. Covers major categories of microturbines, including factors common to their design, installation, operation, optimization, maintenance, and repair Invaluable guidance on market factors and economics affecting microturbines and their applications, particularly for distributed power generation Provides current case studies showing microturbines used in hybrid systems with fuel cells and other types of power generation systems

Front Cover 1
Microturbines 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Preface 10
Author’s Notes 13
Introduction and Background Glossary 14
Glossary 14
Battery, Electric 15
Fuel Cell 17
Gas Turbine 24
Microturbines 28
Abbreviations and Acronyms 30
Part 1: Basic Microturbines 31
Chapter 1: Distributed Generation and Microturbines 33
Chapter 2: Design and Components of Microturbines 39
Thermodynamic Heat Cycle 40
Microturbine Package 40
Recuperators 42
Bearings 46
Generator 47
Inlet Air Cooling 47
Firing (Turbine Inlet) Temperature 48
Fuel Gas Compressors 48
Combined Heat and Power Operation 48
Chapter 3: Microturbine Application and Performance 51
Power-Only 51
Combined Heat and Power 53
Cost and Performance Characteristics 53
Microturbine Design Considerations 56
Part-Load Performance 58
Effects of Ambient Conditions on Performance 58
Combined Heat and Power Performance 60
Chapter 4: Microturbine Economics and Market Factors 61
Sample Cost Data: Microturbine CHP Systems 61
Sample Cost Data: Microturbine Power-Only Systems 62
Case-Study 4-1: Determining Project Economics and ROI 64
Chapter 5: Microturbine Fuels and Emissions 67
Fuels 67
Emission Characteristics 67
System Emissions 69
Chapter 6: Microturbine Performance Optimization and Testing 71
Technology Paths to Increased Performance 71
Ceramic Materials 73
Case 6-1 75
Case 6-2 76
Case 6-3 82
Case 6-4 84
Chapter 7: Microturbine Installation and Commissioning 93
Site Selection 93
Floor Planning 97
Recommended Service Clearances 98
Factors Affecting Performance 98
System Airflow Requirements 100
Indoor Installation 101
Chapter 8: Microturbine Maintenance, Availability, and Life Cycle Usage 107
Maintenance 107
Availability and Life 107
Part 2: Microturbine System Applications and Case Studies 109
Chapter 9: Microturbines Operating in Power-Only Applications 111
Case 9-1: Chemical Plant 112
Case 9-2: Factory Commissary 112
Case 9-3: Hospital 112
Case 9-4: Dairy Farm 112
Case 9-5: Mass Transit HEV Buses 112
Case 9-6: Office/Factory Building 113
Case 9-7: University 113
Case 9-8: Consumer Electronics Manufacturing 113
Project Development 118
Chapter 10: Combined Head and Power With Microturbines 121
Types of Plants 122
Microchp 122
What Makes a Plant a Good Candidate for CHP? 122
Microturbine CHP Systems 122
CHP Funding Oportunities 142
Economics of CHP 143
Chapter 11: Unconventional Microturbine Fuels 151
Case 11-1: Microturbine Generator Running on Landfill Gas in Florida 153
Case 11-2: Fuel Gas from Cow Manure 156
Case 11-3: Extracts from “Economic and Financial Aspects of Landfill Gas to Energy Project Development in California" 161
Chapter 12: Competition for the Microturbine Industry 209
Competing Distributed Energy Systems 213
Wind Hybrids and Other Sources 216
Biodiesel-Fueled Wind-Diesel Hybrids 223
Producer Gas Hybrids 225
Biogas Hybrids 226
Solar Hybrids 228
Micro-Hydroelectric Hybrids 229
Annex 1 231
Chapter 13: Microturbines in Integrated Systems, Fuel Cells, and Hydrogen Fuel 233
1-MW Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Hybrid Fuel Cell/ Microturbine System 235
Microturbine-Wind Hybrids 236
Fuel Cells 239
Biofuels for Fuel Cells 251
Fuel Reforming 256
Stationary and Transport Applications of Fuel Cells 256
Fuel Cell Case Studies 258
The Hydrogen Energy Vector 260
Chapter 14: Microturbine Manufacturing and Packaging 265
Component Development 265
Chapter 15: Business Risk and Investment Considerations 269
Internet Purchase and Internet Paid-Membership Sites 269
Stock Offerings 270
Government Support and New Legislation 273
Cultural Considerations 277
Federal Life-Cycle Costing Procedures 277
Chapter 16: The Future for Microturbine Technology 279
“Thumbnail” -Sized Personal Turbines 280
References 285
Index 289

Erscheint lt. Verlag 8.4.2011
Sprache englisch
Themenwelt Naturwissenschaften Physik / Astronomie
Technik Bauwesen
Technik Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
Technik Maschinenbau
Wirtschaft
ISBN-10 0-08-054948-9 / 0080549489
ISBN-13 978-0-08-054948-4 / 9780080549484
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