Environmental and Natural Resource Economics

Jonathan M. Harris is Director of the Theory and Education Program at the Tufts University Global Development and Environment Institute, USA. His current research focuses on the implications of large-scale environmental problems, especially global climate change, for macroeconomic theory and policy. Brian Roach is Senior Research Associate at the Tufts University Global Development and Environment Institute and a lecturer at Tufts University and Brandeis University, USA. He has published numerous articles on non-market valuation of natural resources, including drinking water quality, water-based recreation, and wildlife.

PART ONE


INTRODUCTION: THE ECONOMY AND THE ENVIRONMENT





Chapter 1: Changing Perspectives on the Environment





1. Overview of Environmental Issues


2. Economic Approaches to the Environment


3. Principles of Ecological Economics


4. A Look Ahead





Chapter 2: Resources, Environment, and Economic Development





1. Overview of Economic Growth


2. Economic Growth in Recent Decades


3. Environmental Trends in Recent Decades


4. Optimists and Pessimists


5. Sustainable Development





PART TWO


ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES





Chapter 3: The Theory of Environmental Externalities





1. The Theory of Externalities


2. Welfare Analysis of Externalities


3. Property Rights and the Environment


Appendix 3.1: Supply, Demand, and Welfare Analysis


Appendix 3.2: Externality Analysis: Advanced Material





　


　


Chapter 4: Common Property Resources and Public Goods





1. Common Property, Open Access, and Property Rights


2. The Environment as a Public Good


3. The Global Commons





Chapter 5: Resource Allocation Over Time





1. Allocation of Non-Renewable Resources


2. Hotelling’s Rule and Time Discounting





Chapter 6: Valuing the Environment





1. Total Economic Value


2. Overview of Valuation Techniques


3. Revealed Preference Methods


4. Stated Preference Methods





Chapter 7: Cost-Benefit Analysis










Overview of Cost-Benefit Analysis







Balancing the Present and Future: The Discount Rate







Valuing Human Life







Other Issues in Cost-Benefit Analysis







Cost-Benefit Analysis Example







Conclusion: The Role of Cost-Benefit Analysis in Environmental Policy Decisions







Appendix 7.1: Using Excel to Perform Present Value Calculations





Chapter 8: Pollution: Analysis and Policy





1. The Economics of Pollution Control


2. Policies for Pollution Control


3. The Scale of Pollution Impacts


4. Assessing Pollution Control Policies


5. Pollution Control Policies in Practice





　


　


　


　


PART THREE


ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING


Chapter 9: Ecological Economics: Basic Concepts













An Ecological Perspective







Natural Capital







Issues of Macroeconomic Scale







Long-Term Sustainability










Chapter 10: National Income and Environmental Accounting





1. Greening the National Income Accounts


2. Green GDP


3. Adjusted Net Saving


4. The Genuine Progress Indicator


5. The Human Development Index and the Better Life Index


6. Environmental Asset Accounts


7. The Future of Alternative Indicators


Appendix 10.1: Basic National Income Accounting





　


PART FOUR


ENERGY, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND GREENING THE ECONOMY


Chapter 11: Energy: The Great Transition





1. Energy and Economic Systems


2. Evaluation of Energy Sources


3. Energy Trends and Projections


4. Energy Supplies: Fossil Fuels


5. Renewable Energy Sources


6. The Economics of Alternative Energy Futures


7. Policies for the Great Energy Transition





Chapter 12: Global Climate Change: Science and Analysis





1. Causes and Consequences of Climate Change


2. Responses to Global Climate Change


3. Economic Analysis of Climate Change





Chapter 13: Global Climate Change: Policy Responses





1. Adaptation and Mitigation


2. Climate Change Mitigation: Economic Policy Options


3. Climate Change: The Technical Challenge


4. Climate Change Policy in Practice


5. Other Economic Proposals: Environment and Equity


6. Conclusion: Dimensions of Climate Change





Chapter 14: The Green Economy





1. The Green Economy: Introduction


2. The Relationship between the Economy and the Environment


3. Industrial Ecology


4. Does Protecting the Environment Harm the Economy? 5. Creating a Green Economy





PART FIVE


POPULATION, AGRICULTURE, AND RESOURCES








Chapter 15: Population and the Environment





1. The Dynamics of Population Growth


2. Predicting Future Population Growth


3. The Theory of Demographic Transition


4. Population Growth and Economic Growth


5. Ecological Perspectives on Population Growth


6. Population Policies for the Twenty-First Century





Chapter 16: Agriculture, Food and Environment





1. Feeding the World: Population and Food Supply


2. Trends in Global Food Production


3. Projections for the Future


4. Agriculture’s Impact on the Environment


5. Sustainable Agriculture for the Future





Chapter 17: Resources: Scarcity and Abundance





1. The Supply of Non-Renewable Resources


2. Economic Theory of Non-Renewable Resource Use


3. Global Scarcity or Increasing Abundance?


4. Environmental Impacts of Mining


5. The Potential for Minerals Recycling





Chapter 18: Renewable Resource Use – Fisheries





1. Principles of Renewable Resource Management


2. Ecological and Economic Analyses of Fisheries


3. The Economics of Fisheries in Practice


4. Policies for Sustainable Fisheries Management





Chapter 19: Ecosystem Management – Forest Ecosystems





1. The Economics of Forest Management


2. Forest Loss and Biodiversity


3. Policies for Sustainable Forest Management





Chapter 20: Water Systems





1. Global Supply and Demand for Water


2. Addressing Water Shortages


3. Water Pricing


4. Water Rights, Water Markets, and Privatization


5. Water as Common Property Resource





PART SIX


ENVIRONMENT, TRADE, AND DEVELOPMENT





Chapter 21: World Trade and the Environment





1. Environmental Impacts of Trade


2. Trade and Environment: Policy and Practice


3. Trade Agreements and the Environment


4. Strategies for Sustainable Trade





Chapter 22: Institutions for Sustainable Development





1. The Concept of Sustainable Development


2. The Economics of Sustainable Development


3. Reforming Global Institutions


4. New Goals and New Production Methods


5. Conclusion: Policies for Sustainable Development