This book, from noted materials selection authority Mike Ashby, provides a structure and framework for analyzing sustainable development and the role of materials in it. The aim is to introduce ways of exploring sustainable development to readers in a way that avoids simplistic interpretations and approaches complexity in a systematic way. There is no completely 'right' answer to questions of sustainable development - instead, there is a thoughtful, well-researched response that recognizes concerns of stakeholders, the conflicting priorities and the economic, legal and social aspects of a technology as well as its environmental legacy. The intent is not to offer solutions to sustainability challenges but rather to improve the quality of discussion and enable informed, balanced debate.
- Winner of a 2016 Most Promising New Textbook Award from the Textbook and Academic Authors Association
- Describes sustainable development in increasingly detailed progression, from a broad overview to specific tools and methods
- Six chapter length case studies on such topics as biopolymers, electric cars, bamboo, and lighting vividly illustrate the sustainable development process from a materials perspective
- Business and economic aspects are covered in chapters on corporate sustainability and the 'circular materials economy'
- Support for course use includes online solutions manual and image bank
Royal Society Research Professor Emeritus at Cambridge University and Former Visiting Professor of Design at the Royal College of Art, London, UK
Mike Ashby is sole or lead author of several of Elsevier's top selling engineering textbooks, including Materials and Design: The Art and Science of Material Selection in Product Design, Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, Materials and the Environment, and Materials: Engineering, Science, Processing and Design. He is also coauthor of the books Engineering Materials 1&2, and Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies and Design.
This book, from noted materials selection authority Mike Ashby, provides a structure and framework for analyzing sustainable development and the role of materials in it. The aim is to introduce ways of exploring sustainable development to readers in a way that avoids simplistic interpretations and approaches complexity in a systematic way. There is no completely "e;right"e; answer to questions of sustainable development - instead, there is a thoughtful, well-researched response that recognizes concerns of stakeholders, the conflicting priorities and the economic, legal and social aspects of a technology as well as its environmental legacy. The intent is not to offer solutions to sustainability challenges but rather to improve the quality of discussion and enable informed, balanced debate. Winner of a 2016 Most Promising New Textbook Award from the Textbook and Academic Authors Association Describes sustainable development in increasingly detailed progression, from a broad overview to specific tools and methods Six chapter length case studies on such topics as biopolymers, electric cars, bamboo, and lighting vividly illustrate the sustainable development process from a materials perspective Business and economic aspects are covered in chapters on corporate sustainability and the "e;circular materials economy"e; Support for course use includes online solutions manual and image bank
Front Cover 1
Materials and Sustainable Development 4
Copyright 5
Contents 6
Acknowledgements 12
Preface 14
Chapter 1 - Background: Materials, Energy and Sustainability 16
1.1 INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS 17
1.2 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT – A BRIEF HISTORY 18
1.3 MATERIALS – AN EVEN BRIEFER HISTORY 22
1.4 CRITICAL MATERIALS 26
1.5 ENERGY – UNITS AND QUANTITIES 31
1.6 RESOURCES, CONSUMPTION, POPULATION, AFFLUENCE AND IMPACT 32
1.7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 35
1.8 EXERCISES 35
Chapter 2 - What is a “Sustainable Development”? 42
2.1 INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS 43
2.2 WHAT DOES “SUSTAINABILITY” MEAN? 43
2.3 DEFINING “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” 45
2.4 ARTICULATIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 48
2.5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 51
2.6 EXERCISES 52
Chapter 3 - Assessing Sustainable Developments: The Steps 54
3.1 INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS 54
3.2 DEALING WITH COMPLEX SYSTEMS 55
3.3 A LAYERED APPROACH TO ASSESSING A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 57
3.4 ASSEMBLING THE LAYERS 65
3.5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 66
3.6 EXERCISES 66
Chapter 4 - Tools, Prompts and Check-Lists 70
4.1 INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS 71
4.2 STEP 1: CLARIFYING THE PRIME OBJECTIVE 71
4.3 STEP 2: STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS 72
4.4 STEP 3: FACT-FINDING 75
4.5 STEP 4: INFORMED SYNTHESIS 81
4.6 STEP 5: REFLECTION ON ALTERNATIVES 86
4.7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 86
4.8 APPENDIX: CREATIVITY AIDS – A BRIEF SURVEY 87
4.9 EXERCISES 97
Chapter 5 - Materials Supply-Chain Risk 100
5.1 INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS 100
5.2 EMERGING CONSTRAINT ON MATERIAL SOURCING AND USAGE 101
5.3 PRICE VOLATILITY RISK 103
5.4 MONOPOLY OF SUPPLY AND GEOPOLITICAL RISK 104
5.5 CONFLICT RISK 106
5.6 LEGISLATION AND REGULATION RISK 107
5.7 ABUNDANCE RISK 109
5.8 CHANGING EXPECTATION OF CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY 110
5.9 MANAGING RISK 111
5.10 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 112
5.11 EXERCISES 112
Chapter 6 - Corporate Sustainability and Materials 116
6.1 INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS 116
6.3 CASE STUDIES: CORPORATE SRS 120
6.4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 123
6.5 EXERCISES 123
Chapter 7 - Introduction to Case Studies 126
7.1 INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS 126
7.2 THE STRUCTURE OF THE CASE STUDIES 127
7.3 ARTICULATIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THAT WENT WRONG 128
7.4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 130
7.5 EXERCISES 131
Chapter 8 - Scaling Up Biopolymer Production 132
8.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION 133
8.2 PRIME OBJECTIVE AND SCALE 135
8.3 STAKEHOLDERS AND THEIR CONCERNS 135
8.4 FACT-FINDING 137
?8.5 SYNTHESIS WITH THE THREE CAPITALS 142
?8.6 REFLECTION ON ALTERNATIVES 145
8.7 RELATED PROJECTS 147
Chapter 9 - Wind Farms 150
9.2 PRIME OBJECTIVE AND SCALE 153
9.3 STAKEHOLDERS AND THEIR CONCERNS 153
9.4 FACT-FINDING 155
9.5 SYNTHESIS WITH THE THREE CAPITALS 160
9.6 REFLECTION ON ALTERNATIVES 162
9.7 RELATED PROJECTS 163
Chapter 10 - Case Study: Electric Cars 166
10.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 166
10.2 PRIME OBJECTIVE AND SCALE 168
10.3 STAKEHOLDERS AND THEIR CONCERNS 168
10.4 FACT-FINDING 170
10.5 SYNTHESIS WITH THE THREE CAPITALS 176
10.6 REFLECTION ON ALTERNATIVES 178
10.7 RELATED PROJECTS 180
Chapter 11 - Lighting 182
11.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION 182
11.2 PRIME OBJECTIVE AND SCALE 184
11.3 STAKEHOLDERS AND THEIR CONCERNS 185
11.4 FACT-FINDING 187
11.5 SYNTHESIS WITH THE THREE CAPITALS 192
11.6 REFLECTION ON ALTERNATIVES 194
11.7 SUGGESTED PROJECTS 194
Chapter 12 - Solar PV 196
12.2 PRIME OBJECTIVE AND SCALE 198
12.3 STAKEHOLDERS AND THEIR CONCERNS 199
12.4 FACT-FINDING 201
12.5 SYNTHESIS WITH THE THREE CAPITALS 206
12.6 REFLECTION ON ALTERNATIVES 207
12.7 SUGGESTED PROJECTS 209
Chapter 13 - Bamboo for Sustainable Flooring 212
13.2 PRIME OBJECTIVE AND SCALE 215
13.3 STAKEHOLDERS AND THEIR.CONCERNS 215
13.4 FACT-FINDING 217
13.5 SYNTHESIS WITH THE THREE.CAPITALS 222
13.6 REFLECTION ON ALTERNATIVES 223
13.7 SUGGESTIONS FOR RELATED.PROJECTS 225
Chapter 14 - The Vision: A Circular Materials Economy 226
14.1 INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS 227
14.2 THE ECOLOGICAL METAPHOR 228
14.3 THE SCALE OF THE VISION 232
14.6 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 249
14.7 EXERCISES 251
Chapter 15 - Data, Charts and Databases 256
15.1 INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS 257
15.2 THE CES SUSTAINABILITY DATABASE 257
15.3 USING THE ELEMENTS DATA-TABLE 259
15.4 USING THE MATERIALS DATA-TABLE 261
15.5 USING THE POWER SYSTEMS DATA-TABLE 262
15.6 USING THE ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS DATA-TABLE 264
15.7 USING THE LEGISLATION AND REGULATIONS DATA-TABLE 265
15.8 USING THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD DATA-TABLE 267
15.9 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 272
Chapter 16 - Guidance for Instructors 274
16.1 INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS 275
16.3 PBL AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 276
16.4 ORGANIZING THE PROJECT SCHEDULING THE ACTIVITIES
16.5 ASSESSMENT 281
16.7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 285
16.8 SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER PROJECTS 286
Appendix - Useful Numbers 290
A.1 INTRODUCTION 290
A.2 MATERIALS 293
A.3 ENERGY 298
A.4 ENVIRONMENT 306
A.5 ECONOMICS (2011 DATA) 310
A.6 SOCIETY 313
Index 318
Background
Materials, Energy and Sustainability
Abstract
Sustainable development is a systems problem. Visionary individuals (Malthus, Rachel Carsons, Meadows) perceived both this and the risks it implies, but it was not until the 1980s that the importance of thinking in holistic terms took hold. Since then numerous studies, most recently those of the International Panel on Climate Change, have highlighted the potential problems for the future inherent in the way we live at present.
Materials are an important part of this system. Recent technological developments, particularly in mobile communication, information processing, entertainment and defence have made them more so. We are now dependent on access to most of the periodic table and while the ores from which some of its members are drawn are plentiful, others are scarce, often localised in unsympathetic surroundings and controlled by regimes that may have other plans for them. And refining and synthesising materials is energy intensive – some 21% of all the energy we use is used to make materials.
The global population is increasing, and the affluence of this population is rising at the same time. With increased affluence comes increase in consumption, so, unless we can find ways to stop it, the consumption of materials and energy will rise considerably faster than the population itself. The vision expressed in the Brundtland Commission report – that of providing for the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs – is one that almost everyone would accept. But a consensus on how to achieve it is harder to achieve.
Keywords
Brundtland report; Energy; IPAT equation; Landmark publications; Materials; Sustainable development
Chapter Outline
1.1 Introduction and Synopsis 2
1.2 Sustainable Development – A Brief History 3
1.3 Materials – An Even Briefer History 7
1.5 Energy – Units and Quantities 16
1.6 Resources, Consumption, Population, Affluence and Impact 17
1.1. Introduction and Synopsis
1.2. Sustainable Development – A Brief History
Table 1.1
Landmark Publications
Date, Author and Title | Subject |
1962 Rachel Carson, “Silent Spring” (Carson, R., 1962) | Meticulous examination of the consequences of the use of the pesticide DDT... |
Erscheint lt. Verlag | 19.1.2015 |
---|---|
Sprache | englisch |
Themenwelt | Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Ökologie / Naturschutz |
Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften | |
Technik ► Bauwesen | |
Technik ► Maschinenbau | |
Weitere Fachgebiete ► Land- / Forstwirtschaft / Fischerei | |
ISBN-10 | 0-12-802562-X / 012802562X |
ISBN-13 | 978-0-12-802562-8 / 9780128025628 |
Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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