Advances in Parasitology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Advances in Parasitology, Volume 36 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 12
Contributors to Volume 36 6
Preface 8
Chapter 1. Rare, New and Emerging Helminth Zoonoses 16
1. Introduction 16
2. Trematode Zoonoses 17
3. Cestode Zoonoses 25
4. Nematode Zoonoses 27
5. Conclusions 49
References 50
Chapter 2. Population Genetics of Parasitic Protozoa and Other Microorganisms 62
1. Introduction 63
2. What is the Problem under Study? 65
3. Techniques for the Study of Population Genetics of Microorganisms 66
4. A Paradigm of the Clonal Model: Trypanosoma cruzi 79
5. Other Parasitic Protozoa 86
6. General Conclusion Concerning Parasitic Protozoa 96
7. Extending the Clonal Model: Pathogenic Yeasts 97
8. The Population Genetics of Bacteria 98
9. Emerging Debates 100
10. Two Main Kinds of Population Structure 108
11. The Relevance of Time and Space for Population Genetics and Strain Typing of Microorganisms 112
12. Population Genetics and the Notion of Species in Microorganisms 116
13. Concluding Remarks 117
Acknowledgements 118
References 118
Appendix: Glossary 127
Chapter 3. The Biology of Fish Haemogregarines 132
1. Introduction 133
2. Life Cycles 138
3. Structure and Development 157
4. Seasonality 179
5. Pathology 182
6. Organisms that have been Confused with Fish Haemogregarines 189
7. Conclusion 197
Acknowledgements 200
References 207
Appendix 216
Note Added in Proof 218
Chapter 4. The Taxonomy and Biology of Philophthalmid Eyeflukes 220
1. Introduction 221
2. The Genus Philophthalmus 222
3. Eyefluke Disease 233
4. Adult Stage 235
5. Egg Stage 257
6. Miracidium 259
7. Redia 262
8. Cercaria 268
9. Metacercaria 272
10. Conclusions 275
Acknowledgements 276
References 276
Chapter 5. Human Lice and Their Management 286
1. Introduction 287
2. Biology 287
3. Population Structure 294
4. Pathology 295
5. Clinical Aspects 298
6. Transmission and Epidemiology 302
7. Treatment and Control 312
Acknowledgements 336
References 336
Chapter 6. Ticks and Lyme Disease 358
1. Introduction 359
2. The Discovery: History 360
3. Seasonality 361
4. Lyme Disease in the USA 361
5. Tick Life Cycles 362
6. Spirochaete Life Cycles 363
7. Incubation Period 364
8. Pathology 364
9. Genetic Predisposition to Severe Pathology 369
10. Pathogenesis 370
11. Treatment 371
12. Prognosis 372
13. In Vitro Culture 372
14. Experimental Use of Ticks in Xenodiagnosis and in Giving Live Infection 373
15. The Genome 373
16. Strain Variation 374
17. Serodiagnosis 377
18. Examples of International Research Outside the USA 381
19. Infected Ticks 386
20. Tick Host Potential 388
21. Animals lmplicated as Reservoirs of Lyme Disease 389
22. Incompetent/Non-susceptible (Though Often Antibody Positive) 391
23. Spirochaetes per Tick 391
24. How Ticks are Infected 392
25. Monitoring the Cycles 393
26. Complex Modelling 394
27. Risk Assessment 394
28. Spatial Assessment 395
29. Prevention 396
30. Vaccination 397
References 398
Index 422