Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult

Larry P. Tilley, DVM, DiplACVIM (Internal Medicine) is President of VetMed Consultants and Chief Medical Officer of Dr. Tilley & Associates in Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA. Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. DVM, Dipl ACVIM (Internal Medicine & Cardiology) is Vice President, VetMed Consultants in Lexington, Massachusetts, USA; and Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA.

Abortion, Spontaneous, and Pregnancy Loss-Cats. Abortion, Spontaneous, and Pregnancy Loss-Dogs. Abortion, Termination of Pregnancy. Abscessation. Acetaminophen Toxicity. Acidosis, Metabolic. Acne-Cats. Acne-Dogs. Acral Lick Dermatitis. Acromegaly-Cats. Actinomycosis. Acute Abdomen. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Adenocarcinoma, Anal Sac/Perianal. Adenocarcinoma, Lung. Adenocarcinoma, Nasal. Adenocarcinoma, Pancreas. Adenocarcinoma, Prostate. Adenocarcinoma, Renal. Adenocarcinoma, Salivary Gland. Adenocarcinoma, Skin (Sweat Gland, Sebaceous). Adenocarcinoma, Stomach, Small and Large Intestine, Rectal. Adenocarcinoma, Thyroid-Dogs. Aggression, Fear-Cats. Aggression, Fear/Defensive-Dogs. Aggression, Food, Possessive and Territorial-Dogs. Aggression, Intercat Aggression. Aggression, Interdog Aggression. Aggression, Overview-Cats. Aggression, Overview-Dogs. Aggression Toward Familiar People-Dogs. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)/Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST). Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)/g-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT). Alkalosis, Metabolic. Alopecia-Cats. Alopecia-Dogs. Ameloblastoma. Amitraz Toxicosis. Amyloidosis. Anaerobic Infections. Anal Sac Disorders. Anaphylaxis. Anemia, Aplastic. Anemia, Heinz Body. Anemia, Immune-mediated. Anemia, Iron-deficiency. Anemia, Metabolic (Anemias with Spiculated Red Cells). Anemia, Nonregenerative. Anemia, Nuclear Maturation Defects (Anemia, Megaloblastic). Anemia of Chronic Renal Disease. Anemia, Regenerative. Anisocoria. Anorexia. Antebrachial Growth Deformities. Anterior Uveitis-Cats. Anterior Uveitis-Dogs. Anticoagulant Rodenticide Poisoning. Aortic Stenosis. Aortic Thromboembolism. Apudoma. Arsenic Poisoning. Arteriovenous Fistula. Arteriovenous Malformation of the Liver. Arthritis (Degenerative Joint Disease). Arthritis, Septic. Ascites. Aspergillosis. Aspirin Toxicity. Asthma, Bronchitis-Cats. Astrocytoma. Astrovirus Infection. Ataxia. Atherosclerosis. Atlantoaxial Instability. Atopy. Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter. Atrial Premature Complexes. Atrial Septal Defect. Atrial Standstill. Atrial Wall Tear. Atrioventricular Block, Complete (Third Degree). Atrioventricular Block, First Degree. Atrioventricular Block, Second Degree-Mobitz Type I. Atrioventricular Block, Second Degree-Mobitz Type II. Atrioventricular Valve Dysplasia. Atrioventricular Valve Endocardiosis. Atrioventricular Valvular Stenosis. Azotemia and Uremia. Babesiosis. Bartonellosis. Basal Cell Tumor. Baylisascariasis. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Bile Duct Carcinoma. Bile Duct Obstruction. Bile Peritonitis. Bilious Vomiting Syndrome. Blastomycosis. Blepharitis. Blind Quiet Eye. Blood Transfusion Reactions. Bordetellosis-Cats. Botulism. Brachial Plexus Avulsion. Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome. Brain Injury. Breeding, Timing. Bronchiectasis. Bronchitis, Chronic (COPD). Brucellosis. Bullous Pemphigoid. Campylobacteriosis. Candidiasis. Canine Distemper. Canine Parvovirus Infection. Capillariasis. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Carcinoid Tumor. Cardiomyopathy-Boxer. Cardiomyopathy, Dilated-Cats. Cardiomyopathy, Dilated-Dogs. Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic-Cats. Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic-Dogs. Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive-Cats. Cardiopulmonary Arrest. Carnitine Deficiency. Cataract. Cecocolic Intussusception. Cerebellar Degeneration. Cerebellar Hypoplasia. Ceruminous Gland Adenocarcinoma, Ear. Chagas' Disease (American Trypanosomiasis). Chediak-Higashi Syndrome. Chemodectoma. Cheyletiellosis. Chlamydiosis-Cats. Chocolate Toxicity. Cholangitis/Cholangiohepatitis Syndrome. Cholecystitis. Cholelithiasis. Cholesteatoma. Chondrosarcoma, Bone. Chondrosarcoma, Larynx and Trachea. Chondrosarcoma, Nasal and Paranasal Sinus. Chondrosarcoma, Oral. Chorioretinitis. Chylothorax. Cirrhosis and Fibrosis of the Liver. Clostridial Enterotoxicosis. Coagulation Factor Deficiency. Coagulopathy of Liver Disease. Cobalamin Malabsorption in Giant Schnauzers and Border Collies. Coccidioidomycosis. Coccidiosis. Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome. Cold Agglutinin Disease. Colibacillosis. Colitis and Proctitis. Colitis, Histiocytic Ulcerative. Collie Eye Anomaly. Compulsive Disorders-Cats. Compulsive Disorders-Dogs. Congenital and Developmental Renal Diseases. Congenital Ocular Anomalies. Congenital Spinal and Vertebral Malformations. Congestive Heart Failure, Left-sided. Congestive Heart Failure, Right-sided. Conjunctivitis-Cats. Conjunctivitis-Dogs. Constipation and Obstipation. Contact Dermatitis. Coonhound Paralysis (Idiopathic Polyradiculoneuritis). Copper Storage Hepatopathy. Coprophagia and Pica. Corneal and Scleral Lacerations. Corneal Degenerations and Infiltrations. Corneal Dystrophies. Coronavirus Infection-Dogs. Cough. Craniomandibular Osteopathy. Cruciate Ligament Disease, Cranial. Cryptococcosis. Cryptorchidism. Cryptosporidiosis. Crystalluria. Cutaneous Asthenia. Cutaneous Drug Eruptions. Cuterebrosis. Cyanosis. Cyclic Hematopoiesis-Dogs. Cylindruria. Cysticercosis. Cytauxzoonosis. Dancing Doberman Disease. Deafness. Deciduous Teeth, Retained. Degenerative Myelopathy. Demodicosis. Dental Caries (Cavities). Dermatomyositis. Dermatophilosis. Dermatophytosis. Dermatoses, Depigmenting Disorders. Dermatoses, Erosive or Ulcerative. Dermatoses, Exfoliative. Dermatoses, Papulonodular. Dermatoses, Sterile Nodular/Granulomatous. Dermatoses, Vesiculopustular. Destructive Behaviors. Diabetes Insipidus. Diabetes Mellitus Without Complication-Cats. Diabetes Mellitus Without Complication-Dogs. Diabetes With Hyperosmolar Coma. Diabetes With Ketoacidosis. Diabetic Hepatopathy. Diaphragmatic Hernia. Diarrhea, Acute. Diarrhea, Chronic-Cats. Diarrhea, Chronic-Dogs. Dietary Intolerance. Digoxin Toxicity. Discolored Tooth/Teeth. Diskospondylitis. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation. Drowning (Near Drowning). Dysautonomia (Key-Gaskell Syndrome). Dyschezia and Hematochezia. Dysphagia. Dyspnea, Tachypnea, and Panting. Dystocia. Dysuria and Pollakiuria. Ear Mites. Ebstein's Anomaly. Eclampsia. Ectopic Ureter. Ectropion. Ehrlichiosis. Elbow Dysplasia. Electric Cord Bite Injury. Enamel Hypoplasia/Hypocalcification. Encephalitis. Encephalitis Secondary to Parasitic Migration. Encephalitozoonosis. Endocarditis, Infective. Endomyocardial Diseases-Cats. Entropion. Eosinophilia and Basophilia. Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex. Epididymitis / Orchitis. Epilepsy, Idiopathic, Genetic, Primary. Epiphora. Episcleritis. Epistaxis. Epulis. Esophageal Diverticula. Esophageal Foreign Bodies. Esophageal Stricture. Esophagitis. Estrogen Toxicity. Ethanol Toxicity. Ethylene Glycol Poisoning. Excessive Vocalization. Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency. Eyelash Disorders (Trichiasis/Distichiasis/Ectopic Cilia). Facial Nerve Paresis and Paralysis. False Pregnancy. Familial Shar-Pei Fever. Fanconi Syndrome. Fears, Phobias and Anxieties-Cats. Fears, Phobias and Anxieties-Dogs. Feline Calicivirus Infection. Feline Hyperesthesia Syndrome. Feline Idiopathic Lower Urinary Tract Disease. Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (FIV). Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP). Feline Ischemic Encephalopathy. Feline Leukemia Virus Infection (FeLV). Feline Panleukopenia. Feline Paraneoplastic Syndrome. Feline Rhinotracheitis Virus Infection. Feline Skin Fragility Syndrome. Feline Symmetrical Alopecia. Feline Syncytium-forming Virus Infection (FeSFV). Fever. Fibrocartilaginous Embolic Myelopathy. Fibrosarcoma, Bone. Fibrosarcoma, Gingiva. Fibrosarcoma, Nasal and Paranasal Sinus. Flatulence. Flea Bite Hypersensitivity and Flea Control. Food Reactions (Dermatologic). Gallbladder Mucocele. Gastric Dilation and Volvulus Syndrome. Gastric or Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders. Gastritis, Atrophic. Gastritis, Chronic. Gastroduodenal Ulcer Disease. Gastroenteritis, Eosinophilic. Gastroenteritis, Hemorrhagic. Gastroenteritis, Lymphocytic-Plasmacytic. Gastroesophageal Reflux. Gastrointestinal Obstruction. Giardiasis. Gingival Hyperplasia. Gingivitis. Glaucoma. Glomerulonephritis. Glucagonoma. Glucosuria. Gluten Enteropathy in Irish Setters. Glycogen Storage Disease. Growth Hormone Responsive Dermatoses. Haemobartonellosis (Erythrocytic Mycoplasmal Infections). Hair Follicle Tumors. Halitosis. Head Pressing. Head Tilt. Heartworm Disease-Cats. Heartworm Disease-Dogs. Heat Stroke and Hyperthermia. Helicobacter Infection. Hemangiopericytoma. Hemangiosarcoma, Bone. Hemangiosarcoma, Heart. Hemangiosarcoma, Skin. Hemangiosarcoma, Spleen and Liver. Hematemesis. Hematuria. Hemoglobinuria and Myoglobinuria. Hemothorax. Hepatic Amyloid. Hepatic Encephalopathy. Hepatic Failure, Acute. Hepatic Lipidosis. Hepatic Nodular Hyperplasia. Hepatitis, Chronic Active. Hepatitis, Granulomatous. Hepatitis, Infectious Canine. Hepatitis, Suppurative and Hepatic Abscess. Hepatocellular Adenoma. Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hepatomegaly. Hepatoportal Microvascular Dysplasia. Hepatotoxins. Hepatozoonosis. Herpesvirus Infection-Dogs. Hiatal Hernia. Hip Dysplasia-Dogs. Histiocytoma. Histiocytosis-Dogs. Histoplasmosis. Hookworms (Ancylostomiasis). Horner's Syndrome. Housesoiling-Cats. Housesoiling-Dogs. Hydrocephalus. Hydronephrosis. Hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's Disease). Hyperandrogenism. Hyperbilirubinemia. Hypercalcemia. Hypercapnia. Hyperchloremia. Hypercoagulability. Hypereosinophilic Syndrome. Hyperestrogenism. Hyperglycemia. Hyperkalemia. Hyperlipidemia. Hypermagnesemia. Hypermetria and Dysmetria. Hypernatremia. Hyperosmolarity. Hyperparathyroidism. Hyperparathyroidism, Renal Secondary. Hyperphosphatemia. Hypertension, Portal. Hypertension, Pulmonary. Hypertension, Systemic. Hyperthyroidism. Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy. Hypertrophic Osteopathy. Hypertrophic Pyloric Gastropathy, Chronic. Hyperviscosity Syndrome. Hyphema. Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's Disease). Hypoalbuminemia. Hypoandrogenism. Hypocalcemia. Hypochloremia. Hypoglycemia. Hypokalemia. Hypomagnesemia. Hypomyelination. Hyponatremia. Hypoparathyroidism. Hypophosphatemia. Hypopituitarism. Hypopyon and Lipid Flare. Hyposthenuria. Hypothermia. Hypothyroidism. Hypoxemia. Idioventricular Rhythm. Ileus. Immunodeficiency Disorders, Primary. Immunoproliferative Enteropathy of Basenjis. Incontinence, Fecal. Incontinence, Urinary. Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis (Kennel Cough). Infertility, Female. Infertility, Male-Dogs. Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Insulinoma. Interdigital Dermatitis. Interstitial Cell Tumor, Testicle. Intervertebral Disc Disease, Cervical. Intervertebral Disc Disease, Thoracolumbar. Intussusception. Iris Atrophy. Iron Toxicity. Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Ivermectin Toxicity. Juvenile Fibrosing Liver Disease. Juvenile Polyarteritis (Beagle Pain Syndrome). Keratitis, Nonulcerative. Keratitis, Ulcerative. Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca. Lactic Acidosis. Lameness. Laryngeal Disease. Lead Poisoning. Left Anterior Fascicular Block. Left Bundle Branch Block. Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease. Leiomyoma, Stomach, Small and Large Intestine. Leiomyosarcoma, Stomach, Small and Large Intestine. Leishmaniasis. Lens Luxation. Leptospirosis. Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic. Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic. Leukoencephalomyelopathy in Rottweilers. L-form Bacterial Infections. Lily Poisoning. Lipoma. Lipoma, Infiltrative. Liver Fluke Infestation. Lizard Venom Toxicity. Lower Urinary Tract Infection. Lumbosacral Stenosis and Cauda Equina Syndrome. Lung Lobe Torsion. Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous (Discoid). Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic (SLE). Lyme Disease. Lymphadenitis. Lymphadenomegaly. Lymphangiectasia. Lymphedema. Lymphocytosis. Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis. Lymphopenia. Lymphosarcoma-Cats. Lymphosarcoma-Dogs. Lymphosarcoma, Epidermotropic. Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Malassezia Dermatitis. Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma (Giant Cell Tumor). Malocclusion of Teeth. Mammary Gland Hyperplasia-Cats. Mammary Gland Tumors-Cats. Mammary Gland Tumors-Dogs. Marking and Roaming Behavior. Mast Cell Tumors. Mastitis. Maternal Behavior Problems. Maxillary and Mandibular Fractures. Mediastinitis. Megacolon. Megaesophagus. Melanocytic Tumors, Oral. Melanocytic Tumors, Skin and Digit. Melena. Meningioma. Meningitis/Meningoencephalitis/Meningomyelitis, Bacterial. Meningoencephalomyelitis, Eosinophilic. Meningoencephalomyelitis, Granulomatous. Mesothelioma. Metaldehyde Poisoning. Methemoglobinemia. Metritis. Monocytosis. Mucopolysaccharidosis. Multiple Myeloma. Mumps. Murmurs, Heart. Muscle Rupture (Muscle Tear). Mushroom Poisoning. Myasthenia Gravis. Mycobacterial Infections. Mycoplasmosis. Mycotoxicosis-Aflatoxin. Mycotoxicosis-Deoxynivalenol. Mycotoxicosis-Tremorgenic Toxins. Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Myelomalacia and Hematomyelia. Myeloproliferative Disorders. Myocardial Infarction. Myocardial Tumors. Myocarditis. Myoclonus. Myopathy, Focal Inflammatory-Masticatory Muscle Myositis. and Extraocular Myositis. Myopathy, Generalized Inflammatory-Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis. Myopathy, Noninflammatory-Endocrine. Myopathy, Noninflammatory-Hereditary Labrador Retriever. Myopathy, Noninflammatory-Hereditary Myotonia. Myopathy, Noninflammatory-Hereditary Scotty Cramp. Myopathy, Noninflammatory-Hereditary X-linked Muscular Dystrophy. Myopathy, Noninflammatory-Metabolic. Myxedema and Myxedema Coma. Nail and Nailbed Disorders. Narcolepsy and Cataplexy. Nasal and Nasopharyngeal Polyps. Nasal Dermatoses. Nasal Discharge (Sneezing, Reverse Sneezing). Nasopharyngeal Stenosis. Neck and Back Pain. Necrotizing Encephalitis in Yorkshire Terriers. Necrotizing Meningoencephalitis of Maltese Dogs. Neonatal Mortality (Fading Syndrome). Neosporosis. Nephrolithiasis. Nephrotic Syndrome. Nephrotoxicity, Drug-induced. Neuroaxonal Dystrophy. Neutropenia. Neutrophilia. Nocardiosis. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Toxicity. Nystagmus. Obesity. Odontoclastic Resorptive Lesions-Cats. Oliguria and Anuria. Oncocytoma. Ophthalmia Neonatorum. Optic Neuritis. Oral Cavity Tumors, Undifferentiated Malignant Tumors. Oral Masses. Oral Ulceration and Chronic Ulcerative Periodontal Stomatitis. Orbital Diseases (Exophthalmos, Enophthalmos, Strabismus). Organophosphate and Carbamate Toxicity. Oronasal Fistula. Osteochondrodysplasia. Osteochondrosis. Osteomyelitis. Osteosarcoma. Otitis Externa and Media. Otitis Media and Interna. Ovarian Remnant Syndrome. Ovarian Tumors. Pain (Acute, Chronic, and Postoperative). Pancreatitis. Pancytopenia. Panniculitis. Panosteitis. Papilledema. Papillomatosis. Paralysis. Paraneoplastic Syndromes. Paraphimosis and Phimosis. Paraproteinemia. Patellar Luxation. Patent Ductus Arteriosus. Pectus Excavatum. Pediatric Behavior Problems-Cats. Pediatric Behavior Problems-Dogs. Pelger-Hue t Anomaly. Pelvic Bladder. Pemphigus. Perianal Fistula. Pericardial Effusion. Pericarditis. Perineal Hernia. Periodontal Disease. Peripheral Edema. Peripheral Neuropathies (Polyneuropathies). Perirenal Pseudocysts. Peritoneopericardial Diaphragmatic Hernia. Peritonitis. Petechia/Ecchymosis/Bruising. Petroleum Hydrocarbon Toxicoses. Pheochromocytoma. Phosphofructokinase Deficiency. Physalopterosis. Plague. Plasma Cell Gingivitis and Pharyngitis. Plasmacytoma, Mucocutaneous. Pleural Effusion. Pneumocytosis. Pneumonia, Aspiration. Pneumonia, Bacterial. Pneumonia, Eosinophilic. Pneumonia, Fungal. Pneumonia, Interstitial. Pneumothorax. Pododermatitis. Poisoning (Intoxication). Polioencephalomyelitis-Cats. Polyarthritis, Erosive, Immune-mediated. Polyarthritis, Nonerosive, Immune-mediated. Polycystic Kidney Disease. Polycythemia. Polycythemia Vera. Polyphagia. Polypoid Cystitis. Polyuria and Polydipsia. Portosystemic Shunting, Acquired. Portosystemic Vascular Anomaly, Congenital. Poxvirus Infection-Cats. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Prolapsed Gland of Third Eyelid (Cherry Eye). Proptosis. Prostatic Cysts. Prostatitis and Prostatic Abscess. Prostatomegaly. Protein-losing Enteropathy. Proteinuria. Protothecosis. Pruritus. Pseudorabies Virus Infection. Ptyalism. Pug Encephalitis (Meningoencephalitis). Pulmonary Contusions. Pulmonary Edema. Pulmonary Edema, Noncardiogenic. Pulmonary Fibrosis. Pulmonary Mineralizations. Pulmonary Thromboembolism. Pulmonic Stenosis. Puppy Strangles (Juvenile Cellulitis). Pyelonephritis. Pyoderma. Pyometra and Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia. Pyothorax. Pyrethrin and Pyrethroid Toxicity. Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency. Pythiosis. Pyuria. Q Fever. Rabies. Rectal and Anal Prolapse. Rectal Stricture. Rectoanal Polyps. Red Eye. Regurgitation. Renal Failure, Acute. Renal Failure, Chronic. Renal Tubular Acidosis. Renomegaly. Reovirus Infections. Respiratory Parasites. Retained Placenta. Retinal Degeneration. Retinal Detachment. Retinal Hemorrhage. Rhabdomyoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma, Urinary Bladder. Rhinitis and Sinusitis. Rhinosporidiosis. Right Bundle Branch Block. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Rotavirus Infections. Roundworms (Ascariasis). Salivary Mucocele. Salmon Poisoning Disease. Salmonellosis. Sarcoptic Mange. Schiff-Sherrington Phenomenon. Schistosomiasis-Dogs. Schwannoma. Sebaceous Adenitis. Seizures (Convulsions, Status Epilepticus)-Cats. Seizures (Convulsions, Status Epilepticus)-Dogs. Seminoma. Separation Anxiety Syndrome. Sepsis and Bacteremia. Sertoli Cell Tumor. Sex Hormone Responsive Dermatoses. Sexual Development Disorders. Shaker Syndrome (Generalized Tremor Syndrome). Shock, Cardiogenic. Shock, Hypovolemic. Shock, Septic. Shoulder, Ligament, and Tendon Conditions. Sick Sinus Syndrome. Sinus Arrest and Sinoatrial Block. Sinus Arrhythmia. Sinus Bradycardia. Sinus Tachycardia. Sjogren-like Syndrome. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth. Smoke Inhalation. Snake Venom Toxicosis-Coral Snakes. Snake Venom Toxicosis-Pit Vipers. Spermatocele / Sperm Granuloma. Spermatozoal Abnormalities. Spider Venom Toxicosis-Black Widow. Spider Venom Toxicosis-Brown Recluse Family. Spinal Dysraphism. Splenic Torsion. Splenomegaly. Spondylosis Deformans. Sporotrichosis. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Digit. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Ear. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Gingiva. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Lung. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Nasal and Paranasal Sinuses. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Nasal Planum. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Skin. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Tongue. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Tonsil. Staphylococcal Infections. Steatitis. Steroid-responsive Meningitis-Arteritis-Dogs. Stertor and Stridor. Stomatitis. Streptococcal Infections. Strongyloidiasis. Strychnine Poisoning. Stupor and Coma. Subinvolution of Placental Sites. Superficial Necrolytic Dermatitis. Supraventricular Tachycardia. Syncope. Synovial Sarcoma. Tapeworms (Cestodiasis). Taurine Deficiency. Temporomandibular Joint-Dislocation/Luxation/Intermittent. Testicular Degeneration and Hypoplasia. Tetanus. Tetralogy of Fallot. Third Eyelid Protrusion. Thrombocytopathies. Thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia, Primary Immune-mediated. Thrombocytosis. Thunderstorm Phobias. Thymoma. Tick Paralysis. Ticks and Tick Control. Toad Venom Toxicosis. Tooth Fracture. Tooth Luxation or Avulsion. Tooth Root Abscess (Apical Abscess). Toxoplasmosis. Tracheal Collapse. Tracheal Perforation. Transitional Cell Carcinoma, Renal, Bladder, Urethra. Transmissible Venereal Tumor. Traumatic Myocarditis. Tremors. Trigeminal Neuritis. Tularemia. Tyzzer Disease. Unruly Behaviors: Jumping, Digging, Chasing, Stealing. Ureterolithiasis. Urethral Prolapse. Urinary Retention, Functional. Urinary Tract Obstruction. Urolithiasis, Calcium Oxalate. Urolithiasis, Calcium Phosphate. Urolithiasis, Cystine. Urolithiasis, Struvite-Cats. Urolithiasis, Struvite-Dogs. Urolithiasis, Urate. Urolithiasis, Xanthine. Uterine Inertia. Uterine Tumors. Uveal Melanoma-Cats. Uveal Melanoma-Dogs. Uveodermatologic Syndrome (VKH). Vaccine-associated Sarcoma. Vacuolar Hepatopathy. Vaginal Discharge. Vaginal Hyperplasia and Prolapse. Vaginal Malformations and Acquired Lesions. Vaginal Tumors. Vaginitis. Vascular Ring Anomalies. Vasculitis, Cutaneous. Vasculitis, Systemic. Ventricular Fibrillation. Ventricular Premature Complexes. Ventricular Septal Defect. Ventricular Standstill (Asystole). Ventricular Tachycardia. Vesicourachal Diverticula. Vestibular Disease, Geriatric-Dogs. Vestibular Disease, Idiopathic-Cats. Vitamin A Toxicity. Vitamin D Toxicity. Vomiting, Acute. Vomiting, Chronic. Von Willebrand Disease. Weight Loss and Cachexia. Whipworms (Trichuriasis). Wobbler Syndrome (Cervical Vetebral Instability). Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome. Zinc Toxicity. Appendix I: Normal Reference Ranges for Laboratory Tests. Appendix II: Endocrine Testing. Appendix III: Approximate Normal Ranges for Common Measurements in Dogs and Cats. Appendix IV: Normal Values for the Canine and Feline Electrocardiogram. Appendix V: Clinical Toxicosis-Systems Affected and Clinical Effects. Appendix VI: Toxic Agents and Their Systemic Antidotes-Dosage and Method of Treatment. Appendix VII: Toxic Plants and Their Clinical Signs-Antidotes and Treatment. Appendix VIII: Pain Management. Appendix IX: -Minute Consult Drug Formulary. Appendix X: Conversion Tables. Appendix XI: Hotlines Every Veterinarian Should Know. Index