Pet Owner Educational Atlas: Diagnosis in Dermatology

Carmen Lorente Méndez; Degree and PhD in veterinary medicine from the Complutense University of Madrid (1988 and 2005, respectively). EBVSR European specialist in veterinary dermatology. Diploma in dermatology from the European College of Veterinary Dermatology (ECVD). She started her professional career by founding the Cercedilla veterinary clinic in 1989, where she worked until 2002. In 2000, she moved to Valencia to take up a professorship at the CEU Cardenal Herrera University Veterinary School and to run the dermatology department of the university’s veterinary hospital. In 2007, she returned to Madrid and opened the Adervet Veterinary Dermatology Centre, which she still runs today. Between 2007 and 2009, she combined her work at Adervet with leading the internal medicine and dermatology departments at Alfonso X el Sabio University Veterinary Clinical Hospital. She has worked as a consultant for several pharmaceutical laboratories and as a der- matopathologist at various laboratories. She currently combines her clinical work and her work as director of Adervet with her position as an international dermatology consultant at Laboklin. She is a full member of the European Society of Veterinary Dermatology (ESVD) and a member of the International Society of Veterinary Dermatopathology (ISVD), the European College of Veterinary Dermatology (ECVD), the Madrid Pet Animal Veterinary Association (AMVAC) and the Spanish Small Animal Veterinary Association (AVEPA). She is a mem- ber of the scientific committee of AMVAC and the dermatology specialist group of AVEPA (GEDA). She has spoken at various conferences, courses, symposiums, seminars and practical workshops and has written many publications, both nationally and internationally.

1. Structure and function

Follicular cycle

Defence mechanisms of the skin

The skin as an indicator of health status

The external auditory canal

The skin barrier

2. Diagnostic tests

Skin scrapings

Trichogram

Skin surface cytology

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology

Culture of dermatophytes

Bacterial culture and sensitivity tests

Skin biopsy

Ear examination

Food and environmental allergen tests

3. Clinical manifestations and pathological processes

Pyoderma

Pyoderma

Different clinical presentations of pyoderma

Antibiotic treatment of pyoderma

Other processes that cause pustules

Pruritus

Skin diseases that cause pruritus

Diagnostic protocol for allergic triad: flea allergy dermatitis

Diagnostic protocol for allergic triad: food allergy

Diagnostic protocol for allergic triad: atopic dermatitis

Chronic pruritus: hyperpigmentation, acanthosis

Acral dermatitis or lick granuloma

Alopecia

Types of alopecia and diagnostic plan

Noninflammatory alopecia

Follicular dysplasias

Ischaemic skin diseases

Scarring alopecia and telogen effluvium

Feline symmetrical alopecia

Alopecia and skin atrophy secondary to topical corticosteroid treatment

Cyclic flank alopecia

Post-clipping and traction alopecia

Patterns baldness

Hypothyroidism

Spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism

Erosions and ulcers

Trauma-induced erosions and ulcers

Immune-mediated diseases

Diseases with erosive and ulcerative lesions

Feline idiopathic ulcerative dermatitis

Feline viral infections

Feline eosinophilic granuloma complex

Keratoseborrhoeic disorders

Seborrhoea

Nasodigital hyperkeratosis

Ear margin seborrhoea

Schnauzer comedo syndrome

Sebaceous adenitis

Calluses and callus pyoderma

Canine and feline acne

Zinc-responsive dermatitis

Pigmentation disorders

Diseases associated with skin depigmentation

Skin hyperpigmentation

Nodules and tumours

Inflammation

Benign cutaneous neoplasms

Malignant cutaneous neoplasms

Miscellaneous

Feline paraneoplastic diseases

Canine paraneoplastic diseases

Skinfold dermatitis or intertrigo

Canine oral papillomatosis

Shar pei mucinosis

Surgical treatment of abscesses

Otitis externa

Causes and risk factors of otitis externa

Pododermatitis

4. Therapy

Shampoo therapy

Controlling pruritus

Long-acting antibiotics

Treatment of atopic dermatitis

Referral to the dermatologist