The Veterinary ICU Book

Wayne E. Wingfield, Marc R. Raffe

Contents

Section I: Physiology Review
1 Applied Cardiovascular Physiology / 1
-C. W. Miller
2 Respiratory Gas Transport / 15
-Marc R. Raffe
3 Oxidant Injury / 24
-Paul L. Marino
4 The Gastrointestinal Barrier / 40
-R. A. Bowen
5 Receptor Physiology / 47
-DeWayne Townsend, IV and David R. Brown

Section II: Standard Practices in Patient Care
6 Emergency Vascular Access and Intravenous Catheterization / 58
-Suzanne G. Barker Wingfield
7 Pain Management / 68
-Peter W. Hellyer
8 Oximetry and Capnography / 86
-Marc R. Raffe
9 Principles of Mechanical Ventilation / 96
-Marc R. Raffe
10 Endoscopy / 114
-Michael E. Matz
11 Thoracoscopy / 137
-Ronald S. Walton
12 Respiratory Care / 147
-Marc R. Raffe
13 Fluid and Electrolyte Therapy / 166
-Wayne E. Wingfield
14 Transfusion Medicine / 189
-Maura T. Green
15 Nutrition in Critically Ill Animals / 202
-Jeffrey Proulx
16 Cancer Cachexia / 218
-Martin J. Fettman
17 Pacemakers / 228
-Eric Monnet
18 Electrocardiography / 239
-Rene Scalf
19 Arterial and Venous Blood Gases / 258
-Harold Davis

Section III: Monitoring the Critically Ill Animal
20 Cardiovascular Monitoring / 266
-Eric Monnet
21 Respiratory System / 281
-E. Christopher Orton
22 Acute Renal Failure / 298
-Sheri J. Ross, Carl A. Osborne, Jody P. Lulich, and David J. Polzin
23 Radiography of the Critical Care Patient / 325
-Robert O`Brien
24 Echocardiography and Doppler Flow / 342
-June A. Boon
25 Critical Care Applications of Abdominal Sonography / 362
-Robert H. Wrigley
26 Emergency Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animals / 399
-Patrick R. Gavin, Rodney S. Bagley, and Russell Tucker
27 Severity of Disease and Outcome Prediction / 413
-Leslie G. King

Section IV: Cardiovascular Disorders
28 Cardiopulmonary Arrest / 421
-Wayne E. Wingfield
29 Hemorrhage and Hypovolemia / 453
-Marc R. Raffe and Wayne E. Wingfield
30 The Management of Acute Heart Failure / 479
-Anthony P. Carr
31 Arrhythmias in Critical Care / 488
-Marc R. Raffe and Elizabeth O`Toole
32 Pulmonary Hypertension / 524
-E. Christopher Orton
33 Pericardial Effusion / 540
-Wayne E. Wingfield
34 Cardiomyopathies / 550
-Julie M. Martin and Janice McIntosh Bright

Section V: Respiratory Failure
35 Near-Drowning / 577
-Sheila McCullough
36 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome / 582
-Lesley G. King and Lori S. Waddell
37 Aspiration Pneumonitis / 591
-Elisa M. Mazzaferro
38 Laryngeal and Tracheal Disorders / 603
-Adam J. Reiss and Brendan C. McKiernan
39 Allergic Airway Disease / 617
-Brendan C. McKiernan and Carrie Miller
40 Pulmonary Edema / 629
-Dez Hughes
41 Pneumonia / 643
-Adam J. Reiss and Brendan C. McKiernan
42 Thoracic Injuries / 655
-Catriona M. MacPhail

Section VI: Infection and Inflammation
43 Fever in the ICU Patient / 671
-Michael S. Lagutchik
44 Multiorgan Failure / 685
-Timothy Hackett
45 Sepsis / 695
-Cynthia M. Otto
46 Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia / 710
-Leah S. Faudskar
47 Acute Tumor Lysis Syndrome / 721
-Gregory K. Ogilvie
48 Peritonitis / 724
-Andrew J. Staatz
49 Disorders of Hemostasis / 731
-Michael S. Henson and Stephanie A. Smith

Section VII: Digestive Disorders
50 Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus / 753
-Wayne E. Wingfield
51 Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea / 763
-Timothy Hackett
52 Acute Pancreatitis in the Dog / 771
-Donald S. Westfall
53 Severe Liver Disease / 785
-Ronald S. Walton
54 Portosystemic Shunts / 805
-Sheldon Padgett
55 Esophageal Disorders / 813
-Sheldon Padgett
56 Gastric Outflow Obstruction / 822
-Sheldon Padgett
57 Intestinal Obstruction / 829
-Joseph Harari

Section VIII: Endocrine Disorders
58 Adrenal Dsyfunction / 835
-Douglass K. MacIntyre
59 Pancreatic Disorders: Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Insulinoma / 844
-Deborah S. Greco
60 Thyroid Disorders / 854
-Julia K. Veir and Deborah S. Greco
61 Parathyroid Disorders / 860
-Kevin A. Hahn

Section IX: Neurologic Disorders
62 Single Seizure, Cluster Seizures, and Status Epilepticus / 871
-Joane Parent and Roberto Poma
63 Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Diseases / 881
-Juliet R. Gionfriddo and Cynthia C. Powell
64 Myasthenia Gravis / 892
-Curtis W. Dewey

Section X: Trauma
65 Abdominal Trauma / 905
-Joseph Harari
66 Brain Trauma / 910
-Curtis W. Dewey
67 Spinal Injury / 921
-Curtis W. Dewey
68 Respiratory Injury / 935
-Elisa M. Mazzaferro
69 Penetrating Wounds / 957
-Michael M. Pavletic
70 Burn Injury / 973
-Nishi Dhupa
71 Smoke Inhalation / 982
-Kenneth J. Drobatz
72 The Transfusion Trigger / 989
-Wayne E. Wingfield
73 Myocardial Injury / 1004
-Adam J. Reiss and Wayne E. Wingfield

Section XI: Toxicology and Environmental
74 Bites and Stings / 1013
-Terry W. Campbell
75 Reptile Envenomations / 1023
-Wayne E. Wingfield
76 Ethylene Glycol Toxicity / 1042
-Craig B. Webb
77 Adverse Reactions to Therapeutic Drugs in the CCU Patient / 1049
-Dawn Merton Boothe
78 Changes in Drug Dispositions and Drug Interaction / 1081
-Dawn Merton Boothe
79 Rodenticides / 1106
-J. Michael Walters
80 Accidental Hypothermia / 1116
-Wayne E. Wingfield
81 Hyperthermia / 1130
-J. Michael Walters
82 Toxicology of Antineoplastic Treatments / 1137
-Kenneth M. Rassnick

Section XII: The Veterinary Critical Care Unit
83 Equipping an Emergency/Critical Care Veterinary Hospital / 1147
-Wayne E. Wingfield
84 Staffing the Intensive Care Unit / 1168
-Leslie G. King and Leslie Carter
85 Staff Relations and Work/Life Balance / 1175
-Ashley Harvey, Dana Durrance, Greg Conger,and Sara Sugarman
86 The Human-Animal Bond / 1191
-Dana Durrance, Ashley Harvey, and Greg Conger
87 Ethics in Veterinary Critical Care Medicine / 1205
-Bernard E. Rollin
88 Advanced Directives and Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders / 1217
-Charlotte A. Lacroix and Diedre Nolling
89 Disaster Preparedness, Response, and Triage / 1226
-Wayne E. Wingfield and Lorna Lanman

Section XIII: Appendices
Appendix 1. Units and Conversions / 1247
Appendix 2. Continuous Rate Infusions / 1250
Appendix 3. Selected Reference Ranges / 1253

Index / 1259-1337