Small Animal Gastrointestinal Diseases

Jocelyn Mott, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM), is an internist and medical director of Pasadena Veterinary Specialists and Clinical Professor of Veterinary Medicine at Western University of Health Sciences in Pomona, California, USA.

Jo Ann Morrison, DVM, MS, DACVIM (SAIM), is a Senior Manager of Veterinary Relations at Banfield Pet Hospital in Vancouver, Washington, USA.

Contributors xiii


About the Companion Website xix


Section I Clinical Signs of Gastrointestinal Disease


Chapter 1 Acute Abdomen 3
Steven L. Marks


Chapter 2 Constipation and Obstipation 10
Albert E. Jergens


Chapter 3 Diarrhea, Acute 15
Erin Portillo


Chapter 4 Diarrhea, Chronic - Canine 20
Jocelyn Mott


Chapter 5 Diarrhea, Chronic - Feline 28
Sina Marsilio


Chapter 6 Dyschezia and Tenesmus 45
Alana Redfern


Chapter 7 Dysphagia 51
Alana Redfern


Chapter 8 Flatulence 58
Gavin Olsen


Chapter 9 Hematemesis 63
Jocelyn Mott


Chapter 10 Hematochezia 70
Julie Stegeman


Chapter 11 Melena 76
Julie Stegeman


Chapter 12 Nutritional Approach to Acute Vomiting and Diarrhea 84
Caitlin Grant, Sarah Dodd and Adronie Verbrugghe


Chapter 13 Ptyalism 88
Valerie J. Parker


Chapter 14 Rectal and Anal Prolapse 95
Eric R. Pope


Chapter 15 Regurgitation 103
Rhonda L. Schulman


Chapter 16 Vomiting, Acute 110
Erin Portillo


Chapter 17 Vomiting, Chronic 116
John M. Crandell


Section II Diseases of the Oral Cavity


Chapter 18 Craniomandibular Osteopathy 127
Nina R. Kieves, Amy N. Zide, Kathleen L. Ham and James Howard


Chapter 19 Feline Eosinophilic Dermatitis 134
Alexander H. Werner Resnick and Karen Helton?Rhodes


Chapter 20 Oral Neoplasia, Benign 141
Heidi B. Lobprise and Jason W. Soukup


Chapter 21 Oral Neoplasia, Malignant 147
Heidi B. Lobprise and Jason W. Soukup


Chapter 22 Phenobarbital-Responsive Sialadenosis 155
Vivian K. Yau


Chapter 23 Sialadenitis 159
Jo Ann Morrison


Chapter 24 Salivary Mucocele 164
Amy N. Zide, Nina R. Kieves, Kathleen L. Ham and James Howard


Chapter 25 Stomatitis 172
Larry Baker


Chapter 26 Stomatitis, Caudal - Feline 179
Jan Bellows


Section III Diseases of the Esophagus


Chapter 27 Cricopharyngeal Achalasia 189
Romy M. Heilmann and Stanley L. Marks


Chapter 28 Gastroesophageal Diverticula 195
Albert E. Jergens


Chapter 29 Esophageal Fistula 198
Louisa Ho?Eckart and Eric Zellner


Chapter 30 Esophageal Foreign Bodies 205
Albert E. Jergens


Chapter 31 Esophageal Neoplasia 209
Marlene L. Hauck


Chapter 32 Esophageal Stricture 214
Michael D. Willard


Chapter 33 Esophagitis 220
Steve Hill


Chapter 34 Hiatal Hernia 231
Kathryn A. Pitt, Philipp D. Mayhew and Stanley L. Marks


Chapter 35 Megaesophagus 238
Emilie Chaplow


Chapter 36 Nutritional Approach to Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Megaesophagus 247
Caitlin Grant, Sarah Dodd and Adronie Verbrugghe


Chapter 37 Spirocerca lupi 251
Jocelyn Mott


Section IV Diseases of the Stomach


Chapter 38 Gastric and Intestinal Motility Disorders 259
Jo Ann Morrison


Chapter 39 Gastric Dilation-Volvulus 266
April Blong


Chapter 40 Gastric Neoplasia, Benign 273
Jennifer A. Mahoney


Chapter 41 Gastric Neoplasia, Malignant 278
Jennifer A. Mahoney


Chapter 42 Gastric Parasites 285
Jeba Jesudoss Chelladurai and Matt T. Brewer


Chapter 43 Gastritis, Acute 289
Romy M. Heilmann


Chapter 44 Gastritis, Atrophic 296
Jessica M. Clemans


Chapter 45 Gastritis, Chronic 300
Michelle Pressel


Chapter 46 Gastroduodenal Ulceration/Erosion 306
Michael D. Willard


Chapter 47 Gastroesophageal Reflux 313
Albert E. Jergens


Chapter 48 Helicobacter-Associated Gastritis 317
Jan S. Suchodolski


Chapter 49 Hypertrophic Pyloric Gastropathy, Chronic 324
Steven L. Marks


Section V Diseases of the Intestines


Chapter 50 Bilious Vomiting Syndrome 331
Romy M. Heilmann and David C. Twedt


Chapter 51 Canine Parvovirus Infection 337
Willem J. Botha and Johan P. Schoeman


Chapter 52 Cobalamin Deficiency 345
Jorg M. Steiner


Chapter 53 Cryptosporidiosis 350
Jeba Jesudoss Chelladurai and Matt T. Brewer


Chapter 54 Diarrhea, Antibiotic Responsive 354
Karin Allenspach


Chapter 55 Enteritis, Bacterial 360
Krysta Deitz


Chapter 56 Enterocolitis, Granulomatous 370
Sina Marsilio


Chapter 57 Feline Viral Enterides 378
Jennifer E. Slovak


Chapter 58 Food Reactions (Gastrointestinal), Adverse 384
Laura Van Vertloo and Albert E. Jergens


Chapter 59 Fungal Enteritides 389
Jean-Sebastien Palerme


Chapter 60 Gastroenteritis, Eosinophilic 396
Michelle Pressel


Chapter 61 Gastroenteritis, Hemorrhagic 402
Michael Curtis


Chapter 62 Gastroenteritis, Lymphocytic?Plasmacytic 409
John M. Crandell


Chapter 63 Gastrointestinal Obstruction 418
Jean-Sebastien Palerme and Albert E. Jergens


Chapter 64 Gastrointestinal Lymphoma, Canine 425
Steven E. Suter


Chapter 65 Gastrointestinal Lymphoma, Feline 431
Jennifer A. Mahoney


Chapter 66 Giardiasis 438
Jeba Jesudoss Chelladurai and Matt T. Brewer


Chapter 67 Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy in Irish Setters 441
Krysta Deitz


Chapter 68 Immunoproliferative Enteropathy of Basenjis 444
Gavin Olsen


Chapter 69 Inflammatory Bowel Disease 449
Albert E. Jergens


Chapter 70 Intestinal Dysbiosis 454
Jan S. Suchodolski and Jorg M. Steiner


Chapter 71 Intestinal Neoplasia, Benign 460
Carrie A. Wood


Chapter 72 Intestinal Neoplasia, Malignant 464
Carrie A. Wood


Chapter 73 Intussusception 470
Louisa Ho?Eckart and Eric Zellner


Chapter 74 Irritable Bowel Syndrome 478
Alana Redfern


Chapter 75 Lymphangiectasia 484
Michael D. Willard


Chapter 76 Nutritional Approach to Chronic Enteropathies 490
Sarah Dodd, Caitlin Grant and Adronie Verbrugghe


Chapter 77 Parasites, Gastrointestinal 506
Jeba Jesudoss Chelladurai and Matt T. Brewer


Chapter 78 Protein?Losing Enteropathy 513
Jorg M. Steiner


Chapter 79 Salmon Poisoning Disease 521
Jennifer E. Slovak


Chapter 80 Short Bowel Syndrome 526
Krysta Deitz


Section VI Diseases of the Colon


Chapter 81 Atresia Ani 533
Eric Zellner and Louisa Ho?Eckart


Chapter 82 Clostridial Enterotoxicosis 539
Jennifer E. Slovak


Chapter 83 Colitis and Proctitis 546
Jo Ann Morrison


Chapter 84 Colitis, Histiocytic Ulcerative 554
Jo Ann Morrison


Chapter 85 Colonic Neoplasia, Benign 559
Carrie A. Wood


Chapter 86 Colonic Neoplasia, Malignant 564
Marlene L. Hauck


Chapter 87 Fiber?Responsive Large Bowel Diarrhea 568
Michael S. Leib


Chapter 88 Megacolon 573
Laura Van Vertloo and Albert E. Jergens


Chapter 89 Perianal Fistula 581
Eric R. Pope


Chapter 90 Perineal Hernia 588
Fiona M. Little


Chapter 91 Rectal Stricture 593
Eric R. Pope


Chapter 92 Rectoanal Polyps 601
Eric R. Pope


Chapter 93 Trichomoniasis 608
Jeba Jesudoss Chelladurai and Matt T. Brewer


Section VII Diseases of the Pancreas


Chapter 94 Nutritional Approach to Exocrine Pancreas Disease 613
Caitlin Grant, Sarah Dodd and Adronie Verbrugghe


Chapter 95 Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency 621
Jorg M. Steiner


Chapter 96 Pancreatic Abscess 628
Panagiotis G. Xenoulis


Chapter 97 Pancreatic Neoplasia 632
Nick Dervisis


Chapter 98 Pancreatic Nodular Hyperplasia 637
Kate Holan


Chapter 99 Pancreatic Parasites 640
Jessica C. Pritchard


Chapter 100 Pancreatic Pseudocyst 645
Panagiotis G. Xenoulis


Chapter 101 Pancreatitis, Canine 649
Jean-Sebastien Palerme and Albert E. Jergens


Chapter 102 Pancreatitis, Feline 656
Albert E. Jergens


Section VIII Clinical Signs of Hepatobiliary Disease


Chapter 103 Icterus 665
Jean?Sebastien Palerme


Chapter 104 Coagulopathy of Liver Disease 673
Peter J. Fernandes


Section IX Diseases of the Liver


Chapter 105 Arteriovenous Malformation of the Liver 681
Ashleigh Seigneur


Chapter 106 Cholangitis/Cholangiohepatitis Syndrome 687
Jo Ann Morrison


Chapter 107 Cholangitis, Destructive 697
Jonathan A. Lidbury


Chapter 108 Cirrhosis and Fibrosis of the Liver 702
Jo Ann Morrison


Chapter 109 Copper-Associated Hepatopathy 711
Jo Ann Morrison


Chapter 110 Ductal Plate Malformation 721
Jo Ann Morrison


Chapter 111 Glycogen Storage Disease 729
Jessica C. Pritchard and Sharon A. Center


Chapter 112 Glycogen?Type Vacuolar Hepatopathy 734
Ashleigh Seigneur


Chapter 113 Hepatic Amyloid 742
Kate Holan


Chapter 114 Hepatic Encephalopathy 748
Manolis K. Chatzis and Panagiotis G. Xenoulis


Chapter 115 Hepatic Failure, Acute 755
Yuri A. Lawrence


Chapter 116 Hepatic Lipidosis 763
Panagiotis G. Xenoulis


Chapter 117 Hepatic Neoplasia, Benign 771
Nick Dervisis


Chapter 118 Hepatic Neoplasia, Malignant 775
Nick Dervisis


Chapter 119 Hepatic Nodular Hyperplasia and Dysplastic Hyperplasia 781
Sean P. McDonough and Sharon A. Center


Chapter 120 Hepatitis, Chronic 786
Sean P. McDonough and Sharon A. Center


Chapter 121 Hepatitis, Granulomatous 796
Jocelyn Mott


Chapter 122 Hepatitis, Infectious (Viral) Canine 801
Kate Holan


Chapter 123 Hepatitis, Lobular Dissecting 807
Jonathan A. Lidbury


Chapter 124 Hepatitis, Nonspecific, Reactive 813
Jonathan A. Lidbury


Chapter 125 Hepatitis, Suppurative and Hepatic Abscess 817
Ashleigh Seigneur


Chapter 126 Hepatopathy, Hyperthyroidism - Feline 823
Jonathan A. Lidbury


Chapter 127 Hepatopathy, Infectious 828
Yuri A. Lawrence and Randi Gold


Chapter 128 Hepatoportal Microvascular Dysplasia 836
Sean P. McDonough and Sharon A. Center


Chapter 129 Hepatotoxins 843
Michael D. Willard


Chapter 130 Hypertension, Portal 850
Jo Ann Morrison


Chapter 131 Leptospirosis 858
Mathios E. Mylonakis


Chapter 132 Nutritional Approach to Hepatobiliary Diseases 866
Sarah Dodd, Caitlin Grant and Adronie Verbrugghe


Chapter 133 Portosystemic Shunting, Acquired 878
Julie Stegeman


Chapter 134 Portosystemic Vascular Anomaly, Congenital 885
Kathleen L. Ham, James Howard, Amy N. Zide and Nina R. Kieves


Section X Diseases of the Biliary Tract


Chapter 135 Bile Duct Obstruction (Extrahepatic) 901
Jocelyn Mott


Chapter 136 Biliary Duct or Gallbladder Rupture and Bile Peritonitis 910
Rebecca A.L. Walton


Chapter 137 Biliary Neoplasia 918
Christine Mullin and Craig A. Clifford


Chapter 138 Cholecystitis and Choledochitis 925
Yuri A. Lawrence


Chapter 139 Cholecystitis, Emphysematous 932
Vivian K. Yau


Chapter 140 Cholelithiasis 937
Jocelyn Mott


Chapter 141 Gallbladder Mucocele 943
James Howard, Kathleen L. Ham, Amy N. Zide and Nina R. Kieves


Index 953