Multimodal Management of Canine Osteoarthritis

Preface. Disclaimer. Abbreviations. Pain and Lameness. Pain. Diagnosis of osteoarthritis. Anamnesis. Examination. The orthopedic examination. Diagnostic imaging. Arthroscopy. Arthrocentesis. Quick tips. Osteoarthritis: the disease. Definition. Joint structures. Inflammation in OA. The ‘pain pathway’. Morphological changes with OA. Multimodal Management for Canine Osteoarthritis. Quality of evidence. Background. Medicinal management. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Prostaglandin E2 recptor antagonists. Disease modifying osteoarthritic agents. Nutraceuticals. 51 Adjuncts. Acupuncture. Radiosynoviorthesis. Drug classes for multimodal use. Nonmedicinal management. Diet. Surgical intervention. Summary. Physical Rehabilitation in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Introduction. Environmental modification. Pain pathophysiology related to physical rehabilitation. Cryotherapy. Thermotherapy. Therapeutic exercises. Other techniques. Multimodal case studies. REGENERATIVE MEDICINE FOR MULTIMODAL MANAGEMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS. Platlet rich plasma. Stem cell therapy. Adepose derived stem cell therapy. Bone marrow derived stem cell therapy. Recommendations following stem cell therapy. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein. Other intra-articular therapies. Corticosteroids. References. Index.