Clinical Echocardiography of the Dog and Cat

Eric de Madron est docteur veterinaire, DVM, diplome de l'American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM, cardiologie) et de l'European College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ECVIM-CA, medecine interne). Il est cardiologue et interniste a l'hopital veterinaire Alta Vista (Ottawa, Canada). Valerie Chetboul est docteur veterinaire, agregee de pathologie medicale, diplomee de l'European College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ECVIM-CA, cardiologie), docteur es-sciences et titulaire d'une habilitation a diriger les recherches. Elle est professeur de cardiologie et directrice de l'unite de cardiologie d'Alfort, responsable de l'imagerie cardiovasculaire ultrasonore a l'Inserm U955. Ex-editrice en chef du Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, elle est l'auteur de plusieurs ouvrages veterinaires et de pres de 300 articles scientifiques, dont plus de 100 publies dans des journaux internationaux indexes. Claudio Bussadori est docteur veterinaire, docteur en medecine, PhD en pathophysiologie cardiovasculaire, diplome de l'European College of Veterinary Internal Medecine (ECVIM-CA, cardiologie). Il est directeur de la clinique veterinaire Gran Sasso (Milan, Italie), chercheur au departement de cardiologie pediatrique de l'hopital S. Donato (Milan, Italie).

PART I: NORMAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION Chapter 1: Normal Views: 2D, TM, Spectral and Color Doppler Modes Eric de Madron . The different modes . General considerations . Normal bi-dimensional views . Normal spectral Doppler examination . Color Doppler Chapter 2: Normal Echocardiographic Values: 2D, TM and Spectral Doppler Modes Eric de Madron . Normal TM and 2D values . Normal spectral Doppler values Chapter 3: Intraoperator and Interoperator Variability Valerie Chetboul . Repeatability, reproducibility and operator performance . Operator effect on the variability of echocardiographic measurements . Practical implications PART II: NEW TECHNIQUES OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC CARDIAC IMAGING Chapter 4: Myocardial Tissue Doppler, Derived Techniques and Speckle Tracking Imaging Valerie Chetboul . Normal myocardial kinetics . Myocardial Tissue Doppler or Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) . Derived techniques from TDI: tissue tracking imaging, strain and strain rate imaging . Speckle tracking imaging Chapter 5: Trans-Esophageal Echocardiography Claudio Bussadori . Introduction and technical aspects . Considerations with respect to the echocardiographer . ETO examination protocol . Indications and applications of ETO Chapter 6: Veterinary Applications of Three-Dimensional Echocardiography Claudio Bussadori . 3D echocardiography technology . The different modes of 3D echocardiography . 3D echocardiography in veterinary medicine . Patent ductus arteriosus . Pulmonic valve valvuloplasty PART III: HEMODYNAMIC EVALUATION Chapter 7: Global Left Ventricular Systolic Function Evaluation Eric de Madron . Left ventricular anatomy . Radial systolic function: shortening fraction . Systolic indices derived from ventricular volumes . Longitudinal systolic function evaluation . Spectral Doppler indices: systolic time intervals and index of myocardial performance (Tei index) Chapter 8: Diastolic Function Evaluation Eric de Madron . Phases of diastole and its determinants . Types of diastolic dysfunctions . Echocardiographic indices of diastolic function Chapter 9: Echocardiographic Assessment of the Left Ventricular Filling Pressure Eric de Madron . Left atrial pressure curve . Echocardiographic indices of the left ventricular filling pressure . Other echocardiographic criteria Chapter 10: Right Ventricular Systolic Function Evaluation Eric de Madron . Radial right ventricular systolic function: right ventricular shortening fractions . Longitudinal right ventricular systolic function assessment . Systolic time intervals and index of myocardial performance (Tei index) . Spectral Doppler indices PART IV: ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY OF ACQUIRED HEART DISEASES Chapter 11: Evaluation and Quantification of Acquired Valvular Regurgitations in the Dog Eric de Madron . Mitral regurgitation . Tricuspid regurgitation . Aortic regurgitation . Pulmonic regurgitation Chapter 12: Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Other Cardiomyopathies Valerie Chetboul . Primary dilated cardiomyopathy . Other cardiomyopathies Chapter 13: Feline Cardiomyopathies Assessment Eric de Madron . Hypertrophic cardiomyopathies . Restrictive cardiomyopaties . Dilated cardiomyopathies . Atypical cardiomyopathies . Thrombotic risk evaluation Chapter 14: Pulmonary Hypertension Valerie Chetboul . Review of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) . Conventional echocardiography and PAH . Conventional Doppler and PAH . New imaging modalities and PAH Chapter 15: Dirofilariosis: Specific Bi-Dimensional Findings Eric de Madron . Echocardiographic characteristics of dirofilaria . Other echocardiographic anomalies associated with dirofilariosis Chapter 16: Cardiac Manifestations of Systemic Diseases Valerie Chetboul, Eric de Madron . Systemic arterial hypertension . Hyperthyroid cardiopathy . Anemia Chapter 17: Pericardial Diseases Eric de Madron . Pericardial anatomy and function . Pericardial effusions . Constrictive pericarditis . Congenital pericardial defects Chapter 18: Cardiac Tumors Claudio Bussadori . Types of tumors and prevalence . Goals of echocardiography in the assessment of cardiac tumors . Specific echocardiographic presentation PART V: CONGENITAL CARDIOPATHIES Chapter 19: Congenital Cardiopathies Claudio Bussadori . Aortic stenosis . Pulmonic stenosis . Patent ductus arteriosus . Ventricular septal defects . Atrial septal defects . Mitral valve dysplasia . Tricuspid valve dysplasia . Tetralogy of Fallot . Cor triatriatum . Endocardial cushion defects Chapter 20: Echocardiographic Assessment of Congenital Cardiopathies Before and After Intervention Claudio Bussadori . Valvular pulmonic stenosis . Patent ductus arteriosus . Ventricular septum defects . Atrial septal defects