The Biology of Deer

Opening Address.- 1 Plenary Lecture: The Status of Deer in a Changing World Environment.- 1: Biology of Wild Populations.- 2 Plenary Lecture: Cohort Variation in Reproduction and Survival: Implications for Population Demography.- 3 Habitat Relationships and Population Dynamics of Deer in the Intensively Farmed Midwestern United States.- 4 Current Status of Red and Fallow Deer Populations in Chile: The Need of Management.- 5 Red Deer Population Dynamics in Hungary: Management Statistics Versus Modeling.- 6 Desert Mule Deer Mortality and the Central Arizona Project.- 7 Deer Condition Response to Changing Harvest Strategy, Davis Island, Mississippi.- 8 Activity and Movement Patterns of Young White-Tailed Deer Fawns.- 9 Fetal Growth Rate Estimation from Length and Date of Death.- 10 Neonatal Elk Habitat in Central Arizona.- 11 Recruitment and Loss in an Unhunted Subtropical White-Tailed Deer Population (Abstract).- 12 Biology of a Colonizing, Unharvested Population of Elk in Western Washington (Abstract).- 13 Tule Elk on Private Lands: Species Preservation, Habitat Protection, or Wildlife Commercialization? (Abstract).- 14 The Gas Molecule Theory: Dispersal and Management of White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- Adaptive Management of Coues White-Tailed Deer in Durango, Mexico: Is the Combined Production of Deer and Cattle Feasible? (Abstract).- 16 Deer Management and Economic Development in Southern New Guinea (Abstract).- 17 Stereotypic Behaviors of the Barking Deer in Nepal (Abstract).- 18 Population Dynamics and Yield of a Dense Moose Population Without Predators (Abstract).- 19 Quantification of Mule Deer Carrying Capacity in South-Central Oregon (Abstract).- 20 Spatial Component in Reproductive Performance in Desert Mule Deer (Abstract).- 21 Comparative Foraging Ecology of White-Tailed Deer and Angora Goats (Abstract).- 22 Deer/Habitat Interactions on Coronation Island, Southeast Alaska (Abstract).- 23 Classification of Fallow Deer Groups According to Size Under Deer Park Conditions (Abstract).- 24 Population Dynamics and Estimation of Maximum Sustained Yield (MSY) in a Black-Tailed Deer Population (Abstract).- 25 Resource Partitioning by Ungulates in Central Texas: A Simulation Approach (Abstract).- 2: Animal Health and Disease.- 26 Plenary Lecture: The Biology of a Fatal Herpesvirus Infection of Deer (Malignant Catarrhal Fever).- 27 Elk Disease Survey in Western Canada and Northwestern United States.- 28 Vaccination to Control Brucellosis in Free-Ranging Elk on Western Wyoming Feed Grounds.- 29 Observations on the Relative Susceptibility to Disease of Different Species of Deer Farmed in New Zealand.- 30 The Impact of Domestication on Red Deer Immunity and Disease Resistance.- 31 A Review of Yersiniosis in Farmed Red Deer in New Zealand.- 32 Laboratory Assays for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus).- 33 Influence of Xylazine on Hematology Values in Farmed Red Deer.- 34 Monoclonal Antibodies to Leukocyte Subpopulations in Deer and Exotic Ruminants.- 35 Social Status and Parasitic Infection in Red Deer Stags (Abstract).- 36 Nonspecific Immunity in Sika Deer (Abstract).- 37 Paratuberculosis in Deer (Abstract).- 38 Pasteurella-Related Mortality in Park Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 39 Immobilization of Norwegian and Svalbard Reindeer with Medetomidine and Medetomidine-ketamine and Reversal with Atipamezole (Abstract).- 40 Pathology of Naturally Occurring Diseases in Deer at Nandankanan Biological Park (Abstract).- 41 Causes of Mortality in Indian Deer at Nandankanan Biological Park (Abstract).- 42 Identification of 36 Strains of Mycobacteria from Deer (Abstract).- 3: Management and Behavior of Farmed Deer.- 43 Plenary Lecture: Requirements for Managing Farmed Dee.- 44 Farming of Wapiti and Wapiti Hybrids in New Zealand.- 45 Effects of Stocking Density, Feeding, and Herd Management on Mortality of Park Deer.- 46 Management Strategies for Farmed Chital Deer.- 47 Production Cycles and Characteristics of Rusa Deer in Queensland, Australia.- 48 Venison Production from Grazing Young Red Deer Stags: Effects of Pasture Type and Immunization Against Melatonin.- 49 Measuring the Responses of Fallow Deer to Disturbance.- 50 Seasonal Pattern of Births, Female Reproductive Success and Causes of Neonate Mortality of Farmed Red Deer and Fallow Deer in Northern New Zealand (Abstract).- 51 Matching of Pasture Growth Rate, Animal Requirements, and Animal Performance to Establish Stocking Policies for Farming Red Deer Under New Zealand Grassland Farming Conditions (Abstract).- 52 Profitability of Farming Red Deer in New Zealand (Abstract).- 53 Responses of Farmed Red Deer to Being Handled (Abstract).- 54 A Study on the Biological Characteristics of Sika Deer (Abstract).- 55 Hungarian Red Deer and Its Potential Performance as a Farm Deer (Abstract).- 4: Deer Products.- 56 Plenary Lecture: Venison and Other Deer Products.- 57 Body Composition of Female Svalbard Reindeer: The Effects of Age and Reproductive Status.- 58 Evaluation of Carcass Composition Changes to Fallow Bucks Castrated Prepuberally.- 59 Legal Status of Exotic Deer Throughout the United States.- 60 Harvest Considerations for Free-Ranging Venison Production in Texas.- 5: Reproduction.- 61 Plenary Lecture: Reeproduction in Deer: Adaptations for Life in Seasonal Environments.- 62 Influence of Plane of Nutrition on Seasonal Changes in Food Intake and Reproduction in Grazing Red Deer.- 63 Patterns of LH Secretion in Cycling and Seasonally Anestrous Pere David'Opening Address.- 1 Plenary Lecture: The Status of Deer in a Changing World Environment.- 1: Biology of Wild Populations.- 2 Plenary Lecture: Cohort Variation in Reproduction and Survival: Implications for Population Demography.- 3 Habitat Relationships and Population Dynamics of Deer in the Intensively Farmed Midwestern United States.- 4 Current Status of Red and Fallow Deer Populations in Chile: The Need of Management.- 5 Red Deer Population Dynamics in Hungary: Management Statistics Versus Modeling.- 6 Desert Mule Deer Mortality and the Central Arizona Project.- 7 Deer Condition Response to Changing Harvest Strategy, Davis Island, Mississippi.- 8 Activity and Movement Patterns of Young White-Tailed Deer Fawns.- 9 Fetal Growth Rate Estimation from Length and Date of Death.- 10 Neonatal Elk Habitat in Central Arizona.- 11 Recruitment and Loss in an Unhunted Subtropical White-Tailed Deer Population (Abstract).- 12 Biology of a Colonizing, Unharvested Population of Elk in Western Washington (Abstract).- 13 Tule Elk on Private Lands: Species Preservation, Habitat Protection, or Wildlife Commercialization? (Abstract).- 14 The Gas Molecule Theory: Dispersal and Management of White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- Adaptive Management of Coues White-Tailed Deer in Durango, Mexico: Is the Combined Production of Deer and Cattle Feasible? (Abstract).- 16 Deer Management and Economic Development in Southern New Guinea (Abstract).- 17 Stereotypic Behaviors of the Barking Deer in Nepal (Abstract).- 18 Population Dynamics and Yield of a Dense Moose Population Without Predators (Abstract).- 19 Quantification of Mule Deer Carrying Capacity in South-Central Oregon (Abstract).- 20 Spatial Component in Reproductive Performance in Desert Mule Deer (Abstract).- 21 Comparative Foraging Ecology of White-Tailed Deer and Angora Goats (Abstract).- 22 Deer/Habitat Interactions on Coronation Island, Southeast Alaska (Abstract).- 23 Classification of Fallow Deer Groups According to Size Under Deer Park Conditions (Abstract).- 24 Population Dynamics and Estimation of Maximum Sustained Yield (MSY) in a Black-Tailed Deer Population (Abstract).- 25 Resource Partitioning by Ungulates in Central Texas: A Simulation Approach (Abstract).- 2: Animal Health and Disease.- 26 Plenary Lecture: The Biology of a Fatal Herpesvirus Infection of Deer (Malignant Catarrhal Fever).- 27 Elk Disease Survey in Western Canada and Northwestern United States.- 28 Vaccination to Control Brucellosis in Free-Ranging Elk on Western Wyoming Feed Grounds.- 29 Observations on the Relative Susceptibility to Disease of Different Species of Deer Farmed in New Zealand.- 30 The Impact of Domestication on Red Deer Immunity and Disease Resistance.- 31 A Review of Yersiniosis in Farmed Red Deer in New Zealand.- 32 Laboratory Assays for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus).- 33 Influence of Xylazine on Hematology Values in Farmed Red Deer.- 34 Monoclonal Antibodies to Leukocyte Subpopulations in Deer and Exotic Ruminants.- 35 Social Status and Parasitic Infection in Red Deer Stags (Abstract).- 36 Nonspecific Immunity in Sika Deer (Abstract).- 37 Paratuberculosis in Deer (Abstract).- 38 Pasteurella-Related Mortality in Park Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 39 Immobilization of Norwegian and Svalbard Reindeer with Medetomidine and Medetomidine-ketamine and Reversal with Atipamezole (Abstract).- 40 Pathology of Naturally Occurring Diseases in Deer at Nandankanan Biological Park (Abstract).- 41 Causes of Mortality in Indian Deer at Nandankanan Biological Park (Abstract).- 42 Identification of 36 Strains of Mycobacteria from Deer (Abstract).- 3: Management and Behavior of Farmed Deer.- 43 Plenary Lecture: Requirements for Managing Farmed Dee.- 44 Farming of Wapiti and Wapiti Hybrids in New Zealand.- 45 Effects of Stocking Density, Feeding, and Herd Management on Mortality of Park Deer.- 46 Management Strategies for Farmed Chital Deer.- 47 Production Cycles and Characteristics of Rusa Deer in Queensland, Australia.- 48 Venison Production from Grazing Young Red Deer Stags: Effects of Pasture Type and Immunization Against Melatonin.- 49 Measuring the Responses of Fallow Deer to Disturbance.- 50 Seasonal Pattern of Births, Female Reproductive Success and Causes of Neonate Mortality of Farmed Red Deer and Fallow Deer in Northern New Zealand (Abstract).- 51 Matching of Pasture Growth Rate, Animal Requirements, and Animal Performance to Establish Stocking Policies for Farming Red Deer Under New Zealand Grassland Farming Conditions (Abstract).- 52 Profitability of Farming Red Deer in New Zealand (Abstract).- 53 Responses of Farmed Red Deer to Being Handled (Abstract).- 54 A Study on the Biological Characteristics of Sika Deer (Abstract).- 55 Hungarian Red Deer and Its Potential Performance as a Farm Deer (Abstract).- 4: Deer Products.- 56 Plenary Lecture: Venison and Other Deer Products.- 57 Body Composition of Female Svalbard Reindeer: The Effects of Age and Reproductive Status.- 58 Evaluation of Carcass Composition Changes to Fallow Bucks Castrated Prepuberally.- 59 Legal Status of Exotic Deer Throughout the United States.- 60 Harvest Considerations for Free-Ranging Venison Production in Texas.- 5: Reproduction.- 61 Plenary Lecture: Reeproduction in Deer: Adaptations for Life in Seasonal Environments.- 62 Influence of Plane of Nutrition on Seasonal Changes in Food Intake and Reproduction in Grazing Red Deer.- 63 Patterns of LH Secretion in Cycling and Seasonally Anestrous Pere David's Deer Hinds.- 64 Reproductive Success of Female Fallow Deer in Relation to Age and Condition.- 65 Impact of Melatonin on Time of Breeding in Farmed Red Deer.- 66 Duration of Melatonin Treatment Affects the Timing of Puberty in Young Red Deer Hinds.- 67 Field Studies of Advancing the Breeding Season in Farmed Red Deer Using Melatonin Implants: Two Dosage Regimes and the Influence of the Stag.- 68 Induction of Ovulation in Pere David's Deer Hinds at Two Stages of Seasonal Anestrus.- 69 Sexual Attraction in White-Tailed Deer.- 70 Artificial Insemination of Farmed Chital Deer.- 71 Changes in Live Weight and the Reproductive Tract of Farmed Red Deer Stags from 6 to 27 Months of Age.- 72 Influence of Sex, Habitat, and Genotype on the Growth Patterns of White-Tailed Deer.- 73 Temporal Relationship Between Estrus, the Preovulatory LH Surge, and Ovulation in Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 74 Reproductive Behavior of Captive Chital Deer in Australia: Seasonal Changes and a Comparison of Activity During Restricted and Unrestricted Mating Periods (Abstract).- 75 Mating Tactics in the Male Roe Deer (Abstract).- 76 Effects of Strategic Short-term and Long-term Melatonin Treatment on Estrous Cyclicity in Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 77 Effects of Melatonin Implants in White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- 78 Synchronization and Superovulation in Captive White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- 79 Studies on Superovulation and Embryo Recovery in Farmed Red and Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 80 Real-time Ultrasonography for Pregnancy Diagnosis and Fetal Age Estimation in Red Deer from Conception to 40 Days'Opening Address.- 1 Plenary Lecture: The Status of Deer in a Changing World Environment.- 1: Biology of Wild Populations.- 2 Plenary Lecture: Cohort Variation in Reproduction and Survival: Implications for Population Demography.- 3 Habitat Relationships and Population Dynamics of Deer in the Intensively Farmed Midwestern United States.- 4 Current Status of Red and Fallow Deer Populations in Chile: The Need of Management.- 5 Red Deer Population Dynamics in Hungary: Management Statistics Versus Modeling.- 6 Desert Mule Deer Mortality and the Central Arizona Project.- 7 Deer Condition Response to Changing Harvest Strategy, Davis Island, Mississippi.- 8 Activity and Movement Patterns of Young White-Tailed Deer Fawns.- 9 Fetal Growth Rate Estimation from Length and Date of Death.- 10 Neonatal Elk Habitat in Central Arizona.- 11 Recruitment and Loss in an Unhunted Subtropical White-Tailed Deer Population (Abstract).- 12 Biology of a Colonizing, Unharvested Population of Elk in Western Washington (Abstract).- 13 Tule Elk on Private Lands: Species Preservation, Habitat Protection, or Wildlife Commercialization? (Abstract).- 14 The Gas Molecule Theory: Dispersal and Management of White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- Adaptive Management of Coues White-Tailed Deer in Durango, Mexico: Is the Combined Production of Deer and Cattle Feasible? (Abstract).- 16 Deer Management and Economic Development in Southern New Guinea (Abstract).- 17 Stereotypic Behaviors of the Barking Deer in Nepal (Abstract).- 18 Population Dynamics and Yield of a Dense Moose Population Without Predators (Abstract).- 19 Quantification of Mule Deer Carrying Capacity in South-Central Oregon (Abstract).- 20 Spatial Component in Reproductive Performance in Desert Mule Deer (Abstract).- 21 Comparative Foraging Ecology of White-Tailed Deer and Angora Goats (Abstract).- 22 Deer/Habitat Interactions on Coronation Island, Southeast Alaska (Abstract).- 23 Classification of Fallow Deer Groups According to Size Under Deer Park Conditions (Abstract).- 24 Population Dynamics and Estimation of Maximum Sustained Yield (MSY) in a Black-Tailed Deer Population (Abstract).- 25 Resource Partitioning by Ungulates in Central Texas: A Simulation Approach (Abstract).- 2: Animal Health and Disease.- 26 Plenary Lecture: The Biology of a Fatal Herpesvirus Infection of Deer (Malignant Catarrhal Fever).- 27 Elk Disease Survey in Western Canada and Northwestern United States.- 28 Vaccination to Control Brucellosis in Free-Ranging Elk on Western Wyoming Feed Grounds.- 29 Observations on the Relative Susceptibility to Disease of Different Species of Deer Farmed in New Zealand.- 30 The Impact of Domestication on Red Deer Immunity and Disease Resistance.- 31 A Review of Yersiniosis in Farmed Red Deer in New Zealand.- 32 Laboratory Assays for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus).- 33 Influence of Xylazine on Hematology Values in Farmed Red Deer.- 34 Monoclonal Antibodies to Leukocyte Subpopulations in Deer and Exotic Ruminants.- 35 Social Status and Parasitic Infection in Red Deer Stags (Abstract).- 36 Nonspecific Immunity in Sika Deer (Abstract).- 37 Paratuberculosis in Deer (Abstract).- 38 Pasteurella-Related Mortality in Park Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 39 Immobilization of Norwegian and Svalbard Reindeer with Medetomidine and Medetomidine-ketamine and Reversal with Atipamezole (Abstract).- 40 Pathology of Naturally Occurring Diseases in Deer at Nandankanan Biological Park (Abstract).- 41 Causes of Mortality in Indian Deer at Nandankanan Biological Park (Abstract).- 42 Identification of 36 Strains of Mycobacteria from Deer (Abstract).- 3: Management and Behavior of Farmed Deer.- 43 Plenary Lecture: Requirements for Managing Farmed Dee.- 44 Farming of Wapiti and Wapiti Hybrids in New Zealand.- 45 Effects of Stocking Density, Feeding, and Herd Management on Mortality of Park Deer.- 46 Management Strategies for Farmed Chital Deer.- 47 Production Cycles and Characteristics of Rusa Deer in Queensland, Australia.- 48 Venison Production from Grazing Young Red Deer Stags: Effects of Pasture Type and Immunization Against Melatonin.- 49 Measuring the Responses of Fallow Deer to Disturbance.- 50 Seasonal Pattern of Births, Female Reproductive Success and Causes of Neonate Mortality of Farmed Red Deer and Fallow Deer in Northern New Zealand (Abstract).- 51 Matching of Pasture Growth Rate, Animal Requirements, and Animal Performance to Establish Stocking Policies for Farming Red Deer Under New Zealand Grassland Farming Conditions (Abstract).- 52 Profitability of Farming Red Deer in New Zealand (Abstract).- 53 Responses of Farmed Red Deer to Being Handled (Abstract).- 54 A Study on the Biological Characteristics of Sika Deer (Abstract).- 55 Hungarian Red Deer and Its Potential Performance as a Farm Deer (Abstract).- 4: Deer Products.- 56 Plenary Lecture: Venison and Other Deer Products.- 57 Body Composition of Female Svalbard Reindeer: The Effects of Age and Reproductive Status.- 58 Evaluation of Carcass Composition Changes to Fallow Bucks Castrated Prepuberally.- 59 Legal Status of Exotic Deer Throughout the United States.- 60 Harvest Considerations for Free-Ranging Venison Production in Texas.- 5: Reproduction.- 61 Plenary Lecture: Reeproduction in Deer: Adaptations for Life in Seasonal Environments.- 62 Influence of Plane of Nutrition on Seasonal Changes in Food Intake and Reproduction in Grazing Red Deer.- 63 Patterns of LH Secretion in Cycling and Seasonally Anestrous Pere David's Deer Hinds.- 64 Reproductive Success of Female Fallow Deer in Relation to Age and Condition.- 65 Impact of Melatonin on Time of Breeding in Farmed Red Deer.- 66 Duration of Melatonin Treatment Affects the Timing of Puberty in Young Red Deer Hinds.- 67 Field Studies of Advancing the Breeding Season in Farmed Red Deer Using Melatonin Implants: Two Dosage Regimes and the Influence of the Stag.- 68 Induction of Ovulation in Pere David's Deer Hinds at Two Stages of Seasonal Anestrus.- 69 Sexual Attraction in White-Tailed Deer.- 70 Artificial Insemination of Farmed Chital Deer.- 71 Changes in Live Weight and the Reproductive Tract of Farmed Red Deer Stags from 6 to 27 Months of Age.- 72 Influence of Sex, Habitat, and Genotype on the Growth Patterns of White-Tailed Deer.- 73 Temporal Relationship Between Estrus, the Preovulatory LH Surge, and Ovulation in Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 74 Reproductive Behavior of Captive Chital Deer in Australia: Seasonal Changes and a Comparison of Activity During Restricted and Unrestricted Mating Periods (Abstract).- 75 Mating Tactics in the Male Roe Deer (Abstract).- 76 Effects of Strategic Short-term and Long-term Melatonin Treatment on Estrous Cyclicity in Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 77 Effects of Melatonin Implants in White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- 78 Synchronization and Superovulation in Captive White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- 79 Studies on Superovulation and Embryo Recovery in Farmed Red and Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 80 Real-time Ultrasonography for Pregnancy Diagnosis and Fetal Age Estimation in Red Deer from Conception to 40 Days'Opening Address.- 1 Plenary Lecture: The Status of Deer in a Changing World Environment.- 1: Biology of Wild Populations.- 2 Plenary Lecture: Cohort Variation in Reproduction and Survival: Implications for Population Demography.- 3 Habitat Relationships and Population Dynamics of Deer in the Intensively Farmed Midwestern United States.- 4 Current Status of Red and Fallow Deer Populations in Chile: The Need of Management.- 5 Red Deer Population Dynamics in Hungary: Management Statistics Versus Modeling.- 6 Desert Mule Deer Mortality and the Central Arizona Project.- 7 Deer Condition Response to Changing Harvest Strategy, Davis Island, Mississippi.- 8 Activity and Movement Patterns of Young White-Tailed Deer Fawns.- 9 Fetal Growth Rate Estimation from Length and Date of Death.- 10 Neonatal Elk Habitat in Central Arizona.- 11 Recruitment and Loss in an Unhunted Subtropical White-Tailed Deer Population (Abstract).- 12 Biology of a Colonizing, Unharvested Population of Elk in Western Washington (Abstract).- 13 Tule Elk on Private Lands: Species Preservation, Habitat Protection, or Wildlife Commercialization? (Abstract).- 14 The Gas Molecule Theory: Dispersal and Management of White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- Adaptive Management of Coues White-Tailed Deer in Durango, Mexico: Is the Combined Production of Deer and Cattle Feasible? (Abstract).- 16 Deer Management and Economic Development in Southern New Guinea (Abstract).- 17 Stereotypic Behaviors of the Barking Deer in Nepal (Abstract).- 18 Population Dynamics and Yield of a Dense Moose Population Without Predators (Abstract).- 19 Quantification of Mule Deer Carrying Capacity in South-Central Oregon (Abstract).- 20 Spatial Component in Reproductive Performance in Desert Mule Deer (Abstract).- 21 Comparative Foraging Ecology of White-Tailed Deer and Angora Goats (Abstract).- 22 Deer/Habitat Interactions on Coronation Island, Southeast Alaska (Abstract).- 23 Classification of Fallow Deer Groups According to Size Under Deer Park Conditions (Abstract).- 24 Population Dynamics and Estimation of Maximum Sustained Yield (MSY) in a Black-Tailed Deer Population (Abstract).- 25 Resource Partitioning by Ungulates in Central Texas: A Simulation Approach (Abstract).- 2: Animal Health and Disease.- 26 Plenary Lecture: The Biology of a Fatal Herpesvirus Infection of Deer (Malignant Catarrhal Fever).- 27 Elk Disease Survey in Western Canada and Northwestern United States.- 28 Vaccination to Control Brucellosis in Free-Ranging Elk on Western Wyoming Feed Grounds.- 29 Observations on the Relative Susceptibility to Disease of Different Species of Deer Farmed in New Zealand.- 30 The Impact of Domestication on Red Deer Immunity and Disease Resistance.- 31 A Review of Yersiniosis in Farmed Red Deer in New Zealand.- 32 Laboratory Assays for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus).- 33 Influence of Xylazine on Hematology Values in Farmed Red Deer.- 34 Monoclonal Antibodies to Leukocyte Subpopulations in Deer and Exotic Ruminants.- 35 Social Status and Parasitic Infection in Red Deer Stags (Abstract).- 36 Nonspecific Immunity in Sika Deer (Abstract).- 37 Paratuberculosis in Deer (Abstract).- 38 Pasteurella-Related Mortality in Park Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 39 Immobilization of Norwegian and Svalbard Reindeer with Medetomidine and Medetomidine-ketamine and Reversal with Atipamezole (Abstract).- 40 Pathology of Naturally Occurring Diseases in Deer at Nandankanan Biological Park (Abstract).- 41 Causes of Mortality in Indian Deer at Nandankanan Biological Park (Abstract).- 42 Identification of 36 Strains of Mycobacteria from Deer (Abstract).- 3: Management and Behavior of Farmed Deer.- 43 Plenary Lecture: Requirements for Managing Farmed Dee.- 44 Farming of Wapiti and Wapiti Hybrids in New Zealand.- 45 Effects of Stocking Density, Feeding, and Herd Management on Mortality of Park Deer.- 46 Management Strategies for Farmed Chital Deer.- 47 Production Cycles and Characteristics of Rusa Deer in Queensland, Australia.- 48 Venison Production from Grazing Young Red Deer Stags: Effects of Pasture Type and Immunization Against Melatonin.- 49 Measuring the Responses of Fallow Deer to Disturbance.- 50 Seasonal Pattern of Births, Female Reproductive Success and Causes of Neonate Mortality of Farmed Red Deer and Fallow Deer in Northern New Zealand (Abstract).- 51 Matching of Pasture Growth Rate, Animal Requirements, and Animal Performance to Establish Stocking Policies for Farming Red Deer Under New Zealand Grassland Farming Conditions (Abstract).- 52 Profitability of Farming Red Deer in New Zealand (Abstract).- 53 Responses of Farmed Red Deer to Being Handled (Abstract).- 54 A Study on the Biological Characteristics of Sika Deer (Abstract).- 55 Hungarian Red Deer and Its Potential Performance as a Farm Deer (Abstract).- 4: Deer Products.- 56 Plenary Lecture: Venison and Other Deer Products.- 57 Body Composition of Female Svalbard Reindeer: The Effects of Age and Reproductive Status.- 58 Evaluation of Carcass Composition Changes to Fallow Bucks Castrated Prepuberally.- 59 Legal Status of Exotic Deer Throughout the United States.- 60 Harvest Considerations for Free-Ranging Venison Production in Texas.- 5: Reproduction.- 61 Plenary Lecture: Reeproduction in Deer: Adaptations for Life in Seasonal Environments.- 62 Influence of Plane of Nutrition on Seasonal Changes in Food Intake and Reproduction in Grazing Red Deer.- 63 Patterns of LH Secretion in Cycling and Seasonally Anestrous Pere David's Deer Hinds.- 64 Reproductive Success of Female Fallow Deer in Relation to Age and Condition.- 65 Impact of Melatonin on Time of Breeding in Farmed Red Deer.- 66 Duration of Melatonin Treatment Affects the Timing of Puberty in Young Red Deer Hinds.- 67 Field Studies of Advancing the Breeding Season in Farmed Red Deer Using Melatonin Implants: Two Dosage Regimes and the Influence of the Stag.- 68 Induction of Ovulation in Pere David's Deer Hinds at Two Stages of Seasonal Anestrus.- 69 Sexual Attraction in White-Tailed Deer.- 70 Artificial Insemination of Farmed Chital Deer.- 71 Changes in Live Weight and the Reproductive Tract of Farmed Red Deer Stags from 6 to 27 Months of Age.- 72 Influence of Sex, Habitat, and Genotype on the Growth Patterns of White-Tailed Deer.- 73 Temporal Relationship Between Estrus, the Preovulatory LH Surge, and Ovulation in Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 74 Reproductive Behavior of Captive Chital Deer in Australia: Seasonal Changes and a Comparison of Activity During Restricted and Unrestricted Mating Periods (Abstract).- 75 Mating Tactics in the Male Roe Deer (Abstract).- 76 Effects of Strategic Short-term and Long-term Melatonin Treatment on Estrous Cyclicity in Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 77 Effects of Melatonin Implants in White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- 78 Synchronization and Superovulation in Captive White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- 79 Studies on Superovulation and Embryo Recovery in Farmed Red and Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 80 Real-time Ultrasonography for Pregnancy Diagnosis and Fetal Age Estimation in Red Deer from Conception to 40 Days' Gestation (Abstract).- 81 Breeding Performance of Female Chinese Muntjac Deer in England (Abstract).- 82 Variation in Mating Systems of Fallow Deer in Relation to Ecology (Abstract).- 83 Variation in Conception Dates in Black-Tailed Deer in Western Washington (Abstract).- 84 Aspects of Placentation in White-Tailed Deer (Abstract).- 85 Establishing Early Pregnancy by the Evaluation of the Serum Progesterone Level (Abstract).- 86 Circadian and Circannual Melatonin Secretion in Finnish Semidomesticated Reindeer (Abstract).- 6: Genetics.- 87 Plenary Lecture: Application of Biochemical Genetics to Deer Management: What the Gels Tell.- 88 DNA Probes for Identification of Cervidae.- 89 Prenatal Reproductive Losses in White-Tailed Deer.- 90 Genetic Variability and Secondary Productivity (Abstract).- 91 Effect of Social Structure on Genetic Structure of White-Tailed Deer in the Central Adirondack Mountains (Abstract).- 92 Establishment of Mesopotamia Fallow Deer in New Zealand and Their Hybridization with European Fallow Deer (Abstract).- 93 Hybridization of Pere David's and Red Deer (Abstract).- 94 Genetic Variation, Parentage Testing, and Hybrid Identification in New Zealand Red Deer (Abstract).- 95 Importance of Habitat Considerations in Interpreting Electrophoretic Data for White-Tailed Deer Populations (Abstract).- 7: Nutrition and Physiology.- 96 Plenary Lecture: Nutrition in Relation to Season, Lactation, and Growth of North Temperate Deer.- 97 Reevaluation of the Basal Metabolic Cycle in White-Tailed Deer.- 98 Nutritional Strategies and Winter Survival of European Roe Deer in Norway.- 99 A Pattern of Plasma Potassium Concentrations in Adult Red Deer Stags.- 100 Indigestible Particulate Passage in White-Tailed Deer.- 101 Effects of Thyroidectomy on Seasonal Patterns of Live Weight, Testicular Function, Antler Development, and Molting in Red Deer.- 102 Volatile Fatty Acids, pH, Dry Matter, and Lactic Acid of the Rumen Contents of Sika Deer.- 103 Importance of Copper Supplementation in Farmed Red Deer.- 104 Effects of Dietary Protein and Energy Intake on Body Reserve Deposition and Milk Production in Caribou and Reindeer (Abstract).- 105 A Bioenergetics Model for Evaluating the Quality of Moose Winter Habitats (Abstract).- 106 Effects of Supplemental Feeding on White-Tailed Deer Migration in Wisconsin (Abstract).- 107 Voluntary Feed Intake and Digestion in Farmed Red Deer Stags: A Comparison with Goats and Sheep (Abstract).- 108 Fatty Acid Composition in the Bone Marrow Fats of Cervidae (Abstract).- 109 Urine Sampling Techniques for Semidomesticated Reindeer (Abstract).- 110 Annual Periodicity of Total Blood Thyroxine (T4) in Male Fallow Deer: Problems and Experiences (Abstract).- 111 Seasonal Differences in Pasture Species Preferences by Red and Fallow Deer in New Zealand (Abstract).- 112 In vitro Digestibility of Fall Forages by Coexisting Deer Species in Texas (Abstract).- 113 Biomechanics and Ecological Application of Escape Gaits by White-Tailed Deer, Mule Deer, and Their Hybrids (Abstract).- 114 Intake, Digestion, and Passage Kinetics of Two Ruminants (Abstract).- 115 Value of "Hobble Creek" Mountain Big Sagebrush as a Winter Forage for Mule Deer (Abstract).- 8: Antler Physiology.- 116 Plenary Lecture: Recent Advances in the Physiological Control of Velvet Antler Growth.- 117 Antler Growth Patterns in Young Red Deer Stags.- 118 Antler Growth in Male and Female Reindeer Calves Occurs in the Absence of the Gonads.- 119 Seasonal Regulation of the Sexual Cycle and Antler Growth in Roe Deer: Evidence for an Endogenous Rhythm.- 120 Antler Growth in Roe Deer: Effects of Casting and Correlations with Growth Hormone and Insulin Like Growth Factor I.- 121 Studies on Cells Derived from Growing Deer Antler.- 122 Antler Cycles of a White-Tailed Deer with Congenital Anophthalmia.- 123 State of Determination of the Antlerogenic Tissues with Special Reference to Double-head Formation.- 124 Investigation of Endocrine Parameters in Chital Deer in Relation to Their Antler Cycle (Abstract).- 125 Antler Growth in Red Deer Stags Implanted with an Antiandrogen (Abstract).- 126 Artificial Production of Three-Antlered Red Deer Stags (Abstract).- 127 Influence of Ecological Factors on the Development of Sika Deer Antlers (Abstract).- 128 Production of l,25(OH)2D by Deer Antler Cells (Abstract).- Special Section: The Commercialization of Deer.- 129 Commercialization of Wildlife: A Value-Added Incentive for Conservation.- 130 Deer Ranching for Products and Paid Hunting: Threat to Conservation and Biodiversity by Luxury Markets.- Closing Address.- 131 Biology of Seasonal Breeding in Deer.- Workshops.- Disease and Immune Systems.- Bioenergetics and Estimation of Carrying Capacity.- Endangered Species.- Venison Marketing and International Trade.- Chemical Immobilization.- Genetics.- Artificial Breeding.- Evolution of the Cervidae.- Antler Development.- Pheromones.