Advances in Nuclear Physics

1: Nuclear Fission.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Conventional Description of the Fission Process: Liquid Drop Model, Channel Theory of Fission.- 2.1. Liquid Drop Model.- 2.2 Fission Barrier Heights.- 2.3 Spontaneous Fission of Nuclei in Their Ground State.- 2.4. Fission Channel Theory of A. Bohr.- 3. Experimental Results Which Cannot Be Explained by Conventional Descriptions of the Fission Process.- 3.1. Fission Isomers.- 3.2. Intermediate Structure in Sub-barrier Fission Cross Sections.- 4. Potential Energy of Strongly Deformed Nuclei. Shell Effects.- 4.1. Existence of Shells at Large Deformations.- 4.2. Influence of Shells on the Binding Energy of the Nucleus.- 4.3. Strutinsky's Phenomenological Prescription for the Calculation of Shell Effects on the Binding Energy.- 4.4. Types of Potentials Used for Calculation of Shell-Energy Corrections.- 4.5. Fission Barrier Calculations with the Inclusion of Shell-Energy Corrections.- 4.6. Other Approaches to the Study of the Effect of Shells on the Potential Energy of Strongly Deformed Heavy Nuclei.- 5. Some Aspects of the Fission Process for Nuclei Having a Double-Humped Fission Barrier.- 5.1. Fission Isomers.- 5.2. Gross Structure in Some Cross Sections for Near-Threshold Fission Processes.- 5.3. Intermediate Structure in Sub-barrier Fission Cross Sections.- 5.4. Intermediate Structure in the Fission Cross Sections of Fissile Nuclei.- 5.5. Measured and Calculated Fission Barriers.- 6. Conclusion.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 2: The Microscopic Theory of Nuclear Effective Interactions and Operators.- 1. Introduction.- 2. General Theory.- 2.1. Time-Dependent Derivation.- 2.2. Time-Independent Derivation.- 2.3. Brueckner Theory.- 2.4. The Algebraic Approach.- 3. Calculation of the Effective Two-Body Interaction.- 3.1. Perturbation Calculations.- 3.2. Nonperturbative Calculations.- 3.3. Convergence of the Perturbation Expansion.- 3.4. Conclusions.- 4. Calculation of the E2 Effective Charge.- 4.1. Effective Charge in Mass-17 Nuclei.- 4.2. Effects of Nucleon-Nucleon Force and Single-Particle Potential.- 4.3. Other Mass Values.- 5. Discussion and Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 3: Two-Neutron Transfer Reactions and the Pairing Mode.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Reaction Mechanism.- 2.1. The DWBA Method for Two-Nucleon Transfer Reactions.- 2.2. The Two-Nucleon Transfer Form Factor.- 2.3. Discussion of the Form Factor.- 2.4. Comparison Between DW Theory and Experiment.- 2.5. Two-Particle Units and Sum Rules.- 3. Presentation of the Data.- 3.1. The Gross Trends of 0+ ? 0+ and 0+? 2+ Transitions.- 3.2. Nuclei Far from Neutron Shell Closures.- 3.3. The Closed Shell Regions.- 3.4. Subshell Closures.- 4. The Pairing Model and Two-Neutron Transfer Reactions to J? = 0+ States.- 4.1. Pairing Deformed Systems.- 4.2. Normal Systems.- 4.3. The Pairing Phase Transitions.- 5. Analysis of the L = 0 Two-Neutron Transfer Reactions.- 5.1. Systems Far Away from Closed Shells.- 5.2. Systems Near Closed Shells.- 5.3. Intermediate Situations.- 5.4. Limitations of the Pairing Collective Description.- 5.5. Summary.- 6. Two-Neutron Transfer Reactions to States with J ? 0 and Natural Parity.- 6.1. Normal Systems.- 6.2. Superfluid Nuclei.- 6.3. Particle-Vibration Coupling and the Problem of Anharmonicities.- 6.4. Anharmonicities of the Pairing Vibration Spectrum as Determined from (t, p) and (p, t) Reactions.- 6.5. Summary.- Acknowledgments.- Appendix 1.- Data References for the Appendix Tables.- Appendix 2.- A2.1. Introduction.- A2.2. Coexistence Model.- A2.3. SU3 Model.- A2.4. Pairing Model.- Appendix 3.- References.