Thin Film Optical Coatings for Effective Solar Energy Utilization

Preface; APCVD Spectrally Selective Surfaces; Optical Properties of Cermet Materials APCVD Spectrally Selective Surfaces C Black Molybdenum Solar Absorbers; The effective dielectric function for a heterogeneous material; Effective Medium Theories; Maxwell Garnet; Bruggeman; Other Effective Medium Theories; Bounds on the Effective Dielectric Function; Wiener Absolute Bounds; More Stringent Bounds based on General Macroscopic Attributes; The reflectance of a Cermet Material; Spectral profile of the absorptance for an ideal photothermal converter surface; Optical profile of the energy flux of solar input for three concentrations, and of reradiation loss at three converter temperatures; The Spectral Selectivity of Mo-MoO2 Cermet; Figures of Merit for Real Spectrally Selective Surfaces; The Spectral Selectivity of Mo-MoO2 Cermet; 4.1 Figures of Merit for Real Spectrally Selective Surfaces; Limits on the allowed range of at 0.5m and 5m, for a cermet composed of 60% Mo and 40% MoO2; 5. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) technology; Why molybdenum for spectrally selective surfaces; APCVD technology of Oxychloride and Carbonyl Black Molybdenum; Dioxydichloride chemical vapor deposition process; Black Molybdenum Films Characterization; Auger Electron Spectroscopy for chemical composition determination and microprobe analysis; Experimental results from chemical composition study; Structural characterization of Black molybdenum coatings; Transmission Electron Microscopy of Oxychloride Black Molybdenum; Optical Spectrophotometry measurements; Measurement of Infrared Reflectance in 2.5 - 15 |Im range and calculation of Thermal emittance of Black molybdenum coatings; Graded index profile black Mo; Thickness optimization; CVD silicon nitride protective and antireflecting coating for black molybdenum solar absorbers; Carbonyl black molybdenum spectrally selective surfaces (CBM); Experimental set-up for the carbonyl black molybdenum; Post deposition anneal of the films; Discussion of Optical Properties of Black Molybdenum Films; Comparison of the Physical Properties of Carbonyl and Oxychloride films; Interpretation of the results in terms of the Bounds on the Effective Dielectric Function; Enhancement of selectivity due to Surface Texture; Graded-index multilayer approach to match the theory with experiment; Applications of black molybdenum solar absorber coatings; Black Molybdenum Thin Films in Photothermal Solar Energy Conversion; The requirements of Photothermal Conversion; CVD Black Molybdenum in Photothermal Converters; Extended Lifetime-stability tests of Black Molybdenum Films deposited on Metal Substrates; Electrochromism, Materials and Applications; Electrochromism; Electrochromic characteristics and mechanisms; Electrochromic materials; Applications of electrochromic devices; Main principles of cyclic voltammetry; Experimental conditions for electrochromic investigations of CVD thin films; References of Chapter 2; Technology Development and Properties of APCVD WO3 Electrochromic Thin Films; Technology development of low-temperature APCVD carbonyl process for deposition of WO3 thin films; Investigation of Structure and Optical Properties of APCVD WO3 films; Investigation of Composition of CVD-WO3 films; Study of Structure of APCVD-WO3 films; Vibrational properties of CVD-WO3 films; Optical properties of CVD-WO3 films; Electrochromic behavior of CVD grown tungsten oxide ?lms; CVD Molybdenum Oxide Thin Films as Electrochromic Material; Introduction; Crystal Structures of MoO3; 2B. CVD preparation of MoO3 thin films; Raman Spectroscopy of molybdenum oxide thin films; Investigation of CVD mixed oxide films based on molybdenum and tungsten; Applications of mixed oxide system; Technological parameters for CVD preparation of thin films of WxMo1-xO3; Auger analysis of mixed oxide films on the basis of Mo and W obtained by CVD method; 4. Surface morphology of APCVD MoO3, WO3 and Mo/W oxide films; Investigation of MoO3-WO3 films, obtained from the separate precursors; Electrochromic cell prototype; Conclusions; Investigation of CVD obtained Thin Films of Chromium Oxide; Applications of chromium oxide; Technological deposition conditions; XRD analysis of Cr2O3 films; Transmission electron microscopy of Cr2O3 thin films; AFM study of CVD Cr2O3 thin films; IR investigation of Cr2O3 thin films; Raman spectroscopy investigation of chromium oxide film; Optical properties of CVD Cr2O3 films; Electrochromic properties of chromium oxide thin films; Conclusions; List of Abbreviations; Index.