Shipping and European Community Competition Law

The legal and political background. Maritime and trade law. EC competition law. International and domestic law. The UNCTAD code. The Brussels package. EC transport and competition policy. Transport: EC Treaty, articles 74-84. Competition: EC Treaty, articles 85-89. Council Regulation 4056/86. Legal basis. Subject matter and scope. Technical agreements. Liner conferences: exemption. Conditions. Obligations. Transport users: exemption. Article 85. Article 86. International law conflicts. Procedure. Monitoring. Complaint: procedure. Complaint: result. Individual exemptions. Powers. Member State. Individual exemptions. Requests for information. Investigation. Fines. Periodic payments. Review. Hearings. Confidentiality. Publication. Entry into force. The application of the rules in practice. Dawn raids. Third country negotiations. Internal politics. Current approach and problems. Future developments.