Smart Edge Computing

Rajdeep Chakraborty is Associate Professor in Computer Science and Engineering at the University Institute of Engineering, Chandigarh University, India. Anupam Ghosh is Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at Netaji Subhash Engineering College in Kolkata, India, and is Head of the same department. Jyotsna Kumar Mandal is Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Kalyani, India. Tanupriya Choudhury is Professor at Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Lavale Campus of Symbiosis International University in Pune, India. Prasenjit Chatterjee is Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Dean (Research and Consultancy) at MCKV Institute of Engineering, India.

Preface xiii
Rajdeep CHAKRABORTY

Acknowledgments xvii

Chapter 1 Introduction to Operations Research Methodologies 1
Trishit BANERJEE and Arup DASGUPTA

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Decision-making framework/models for operations research 3

1.3 Operations research in IoT, IIoT, edge and smart edge computing, sensor data 8

1.4 Paradigms and procedures 11

1.5 Conclusion 18

1.6 References 19

Chapter 2 Edge Computing: The Foundation, Emergence and Growing Applications 25
P.K PAUL

2.1 Introduction 25

2.2 Objective of the work 27

2.3 Methods adopted 27

2.4 Edge computing and edge cloud: basics 27

2.5 Edge computing and edge devices 29

2.6 Edge computing: working fashions, buying and deploying and 5G 29

2.7 Functions and features of edge computing 30

2.8 Edge computing: applications and examples 32

2.9 Drawbacks, obstacles and issues in edge computing 38

2.10 Edge computing, cloud computing and Internet of Things: some concerns 39

2.11 Future and emergence of edge computing 41

2.12 Conclusion 42

2.13 Acknowledgment 43

2.14 References 43

Chapter 3 Utilization of Edge Computing in Digital Education: A Conceptual Overview 47
Ritam CHATTERJEE

3.1 Introduction 47

3.2 Objectives 48

3.3 Methodology used 49

3.4 Digital education 49

3.5 Education and information science 49

3.6 Edge computing 51

3.7 Conclusion 61

3.8 Acknowledgment 61

3.9 References 61

Chapter 4 Edge Computing with Operations Research Using IoT Devices in Healthcare: Concepts, Tools, Techniques and Use Cases 65
Shalini RAMANATHAN, Mohan RAMASUNDARAM, Tauheed KHAN MOHD and Anabel PINEDA-BRISENO

4.1 Overview 66

4.2 The smartness of edge across artificial intelligence with the IoT 68

4.3 Promising approaches in edge healthcare system 74

4.4 Impact of smartphones on edge computing 77

4.5 Tools, techniques and use cases 84

4.6 Significant forthcomings of edge healthcare IoT 89

4.7 Software and hardware companies developing healthcare tools 90

4.8 Summary 90

4.9 References 91

Chapter 5 Performance Measures in Edge Computing Using the Queuing Model 97
Shillpi MISHRRA

5.1 Introduction 97

5.2 Methodology 100

5.3 Conclusion 109

5.4 Future scope 109

5.5 References 109

Chapter 6 A Smart Payment Transaction Procedure by Smart Edge Computing 113
Animesh UPADHYAYA, Koushik MUKHOPADHYAY, Amejul ISLAM, Shaon Kalyan MODAK and Debdutta PAL

6.1 Introduction 113

6.2 Related works 115

6.3 Ethereum 116

6.4 Ethereum’s components 118

6.5 General-purpose blockchains to decentralized applications (DApps) 120

6.6 Ether currency units 121

6.7 Ethereum wallet 121

6.8 A simple contract: a test Ether faucet 123

6.9 Ethereum clients 125

6.10 Conclusion 129

6.11 References 129

Chapter 7 Statistical Learning Approach for the Detection of Abnormalities in Cancer Cells for Finding Indication of Metastasis 133
Soumen SANTRA, Dipankar MAJUMDAR and Surajit MANDAL

7.1 Introduction 133

7.2 Edge computation: a new era 137

7.3 Impact of edge computation in cancer treatment 138

7.4 Assessment parameters operational methodologies 139

7.5 Shape descriptor analysis: statistical approach 141

7.6 Results and discussion 141

7.7 Conclusion 145

7.8 References 146

Chapter 8 Overcoming the Stigma of Alzheimer’s Disease by Means of Natural Language Processing as well as Blockchain Technologies 149
Kaveri BANERJEE, Priyanka BHATTACHARYA, Sandip ROY and Rajesh BOSE

8.1 Introduction 150

8.2 Alzheimer’s disease 152

8.3 Alzheimer’s disease types 153

8.4 NLP in chat-bots/AI companions 155

8.5 Proposed methodologies for reduction of stigma 158

8.6 Blockchain technology for securing all medical data 160

8.7 Conclusion 170

8.8 Future scope 170

8.9 Acknowledgments 171

8.10 References 171

Chapter 9 Computer Vision-based Edge Computing System to Detect Health Informatics for Oral Pre-Cancer 175
Animesh UPADHYAYA, Vertika RAI, Surajit BOSE, Dipankar BHATTACHARYA and Jayanta CHATTOPADHYAY

9.1 Introduction 175

9.2 Related works 177

9.3 Materials and methods 177

9.4 Results 183

9.5 Conclusion 185

9.6 References 186

Chapter 10 A Study of Ultra-lightweight Ciphers and Security Protocol for Edge Computing 189
Debasmita PAUL, Aheli ACHARYA and Debajyoti GUHA

10.1 Introduction 189

10.2 Ultra-lightweight ciphers 192

10.3 Ultra-lightweight security protocols 203

10.3.4 Comparison between LEAP, MIFARE and RFB protocols 210

10.4 Conclusion 211

10.5 References 213

Chapter 11 A Study on Security Protocols, Threats and Probable Solutions for Internet of Things Using Blockchain 215
Debajyoti GUHA

11.1 Introduction 216

11.2 IoT architecture and security challenges 217

11.3 Security threat classifications 218

11.4 Security solutions for IoT 221

11.5 Blockchain-based IoT paradigm: security and privacy issues 224

11.6 IoT Messaging Protocols 226

11.7 Advantages of edge computing 230

11.8 Conclusion 231

11.9 References 231

List of Authors 237

Index 241