Emergence of Functional Circuits in the Early Visual Pathway (eBook)

This book discusses the emergence of diverse functional organizations in the visual pathway which could be spontaneously and solely initiated by the random feedforward wiring of neural circuits. It demonstrates that the structure of ON and OFF retinal ganglion cell (RGC) mosaics is projected onto V1 by retino-cortical feedforward mapping to induce higher cognitive functions. This book will be beneficial for both theoretical and experimental neuroscientists, as well as for researchers using brain-inspired neural network models.

Dr. Jaeson Jang studied bio-engineering and mathematical sciences at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) and graduated in 2013. He remained there for his graduate studies, working under the supervision of Prof. Se-Bum Paik on computational neuroscience. During his doctorate, he proposed how the emergence of diverse functional circuits in the primary visual cortex could be initiated by the feedforward visual inputs from the retina, even without any further development of recurrent cortical circuits. Furthermore, he applied a similar notion to the deep learning and showed that various functional units spontaneously arise from the statistical variation in randomly initialized neural networks, even in the complete absence of learning. He completed his doctoral research in 2020 and embarked on a research project in the diagnosis of mental disorders at Looxid Labs, a start-up that develops recording devices for brain signals in VR.

Dr. Se-Bum Paik is the associate professor in the Department of Bio and Brain Engineering at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) and is the head of the Visual System Neural Network Laboratory. After receiving his B.S in Nuclear Engineering and Physics from Seoul National University and M.S. in Physics from Seoul National University, Dr. Paik obtained his Ph.D. in Physics from the University of California at Berkeley. Dr. Paik's research has focused on finding a theory that explains how the architecture of the visual system is initially created to generate the building blocks of the visual information process. Dr. Paik introduced the Paik-Ringach model, arguably the most plausible theory of the origin of functional maps in the visual cortex, and his developmental models lay the groundwork for a unified theory of the origin of fundamental functions in the brain. Currently, Dr. Paik is on the board of directors of both the Society for Computational Neuroscience and the Brain Engineering Society of Korea.

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This book discusses the emergence of diverse functional organizations in the visual pathway which could be spontaneously and solely initiated by the random feedforward wiring of neural circuits. It demonstrates that the structure of ON and OFF retinal ganglion cell (RGC) mosaics is projected onto V1 by retino-cortical feedforward mapping to induce higher cognitive functions. This book will be beneficial for both theoretical and experimental neuroscientists, as well as for researchers using brain-inspired neural network models.