The Company Democracy Model

Dr. Evangelos Markopoulos was born in 1967 in Kalamata, Greece. He is a scholar and an entrepreneur with expertise in Knowledge Management, Enterprise Engineering, Process and Project Management and Innovation & Entrepreneurship. He holds a BA in Computer Science with a minor in Mathematics, from the City University of New York, an MSc in Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence from New York University, and a Ph.D. on ICT Project and Investments Management from the University of Piraeus (Greece). He worked as a computer scientist in the USA at IBM (applications development), Siemens (systems engineer), and Bell Laboratories of AT&T (artificial intelligence and systems researcher). For nearly 20 years he was the CEO of EMPROSS Strategic IT consultants where he delivered projects in Software Engineering, Quality, and Project Management around the world. He invented and applied the ARIADNE Software Project Management Methodology for Software Development and Software Acquisition projects. As an academic, he taught, and still teaches, in universities such as the University College London (UCL), Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Turku University of Applied Sciences (TUAS), City University New York, (CUNY), University of Essex, Royal Holloway University of London, SOAS-School of Oriental & African Studies, and Hult International Business School. He won the 2018 and 2020 HULT Prize Global Social Innovation competition at the UN with his UCL and QMUL students respectively. He is also part of the Clinton Global Initiative University (CGI-U) for sustainable and social innovation. Since 2018 his research is focused on the integration of advanced technologies with strategic management and corporate digital transformation. He works with technologies such as Metaverse, Virtual Reality, Serious Games and Gamification, Artificial Intelligence, Expert Systems, Neural Networks, and Cognitive Science in business applications. He has over 150 articles and papers published in international journals and conferences. Dr. Hannu Vanharanta was born in 1949 in Pori, Finland. He enrolled in 1967 at Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland, where he earned an M.Sc. degree in Chemical Engineering. He began his professional career in 1973 as a technical assistant at the Turku office of the Finnish Ministry of Trade and Industry. He then entered the engineering industry and gained valuable practical experience in many fields of industrial management. During 1975–1992 he worked for several Finnish international engineering companies, including Jaakko Pöyry (now AFRY), Rintekno, and Ekono as a process engineer, section manager, and leading consultant. During 1992– 1995 he was a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Management Systems Research. In 1995 he earned his Ph.D. degree in Industrial Management at Åbo Akademi and started his academic career. From 1995–1996 he was a professor in Business Economics at the University of Joensuu, Finland. In 1996–998 he served as professor in Purchasing and Supply Chain Management at the Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. From 1998 to 2016 he was a professor of Industrial Management and Engineering at the Tampere University of Technology, Pori Campus, Finland. Since retiring from the Tampere University of Technology, he has held visiting professorships at Poznan University of Technology, Poland, and Vaasa University, Finland. His research interests are Strategic Management, Human Resource Management, Knowledge Management, Financial Analysis, Decision Support Systems, and Executive Information Systems. His particular interests are in knowledge discovery and data mining. He has published many articles on financial analysis as well as text analysis as a result of his research experience. The ultimate goal of his research is to synthesize quantitative and qualitative/ linguistic data/information/knowledge for strategic decision-making. He has had over 300 articles and papers published in international journals and conferences.

List of Figures.........................................................................................xvii

List of Tables...........................................................................................xxv

Preface....................................................................................................xxvii

Acknowledgments.................................................................................xxxi

Authors...................................................................................................xxxv

Book Structure....................................................................................xxxvii

Section 1 APPLIED PHILOSOPHY

1 Science and Theory Precede Practice: A Scientific

Framework for the Applied Philosophy Approach in

Management and Leadership

Executive Summary.....................................................................................3

2 Delphic Maxims’ Ontology-Based Taxonomies for Applied

Philosophy: An Interpretation of the Ancient Hellenic

Philosophy in Business and Governance Management and

Leadership..................................................................................21

3 Visualization of the Wisdom Cube: Wisdom Space for

Management and Leadership......................................................41

4 The Company Democracy Culture: Understanding Culture

and Dynamics.............................................................................57

5 Dimensions in Company Performance: The Power of

Co-Evolution................................................................................79

6 Managing and Leading Democratically: Achieving

Democratic Balance....................................................................97

Executive Summary...................................................................................97

SECTION 2 HUMAN FOCUS IN LIVING SYSTEMS

7 The Holistic Concept of Man in the Business Environment:

The Concepts We Live By.......................................................... 119

8 The Circles of Mind Metaphor: Actors on the Stage of

Consciousness...........................................................................131

9 Harnessing Modern Knowledge Systems: Applying

Knowledge Frameworks........................................................... 151

10 The Cross-Scientific Approach for Human-Compatible

Systems: Acting with Modern Decision Tools...........................169

11 Agility Application, Ontology, and Concepts in a Technology

Company Context: Agility Boosts Collective Wisdom................... 185

SECTION 3 THE COMPANY DEMOCRACY MODEL

12 The Company Democracy Model for Organizational

Management and Leadership Strategies: Democratic

Innovation for Competitiveness and Extroversion....................207

13 The Levels of the Company Democracy Model: A Spiral

Co-evolution..............................................................................231

14 Human Perception, Interpretation, Understanding,

and Communication of Company Democracy: Building

Co-opetitive Ecosystems...........................................................259

15 The Company Democracy Model for Human Intellectual

Capitalism and Shared Value Creation: Toward Added

Value and Circular Economies..................................................277

16 Maturity Spaces for Company Democracy: The Seven

Clouds of Glory.........................................................................293

17 The Dynamics of Company Democracy Culture:

Enlightening the Black Hole in Knowledge Management........313

Executive Summary................................................................................. 313

18 Applying the Company Democracy Model: From Theory

to Practice.................................................................................337

19 Repetition Is the Mother of Studying, Learning,

and Internalization: Concluding Remarks for the

Company Democracy Model and Applied Philosophy for

Management and Leadership....................................................363

Glossary...........................................................................................381

Index...............................................................................................387