Fundamentals of Industrial Catalytic Processes

CALVIN H. BARTHOLOMEW, Professor of Chemical Engineering and Head of the Catalysis Laboratory at Brigham Young University, is author or coauthor of more than 140 papers/reviews and four books and has consulted with more than fifty companies on issues relating to catalysis, air pollution, and combustion. Active in several scientific societies, he was the 1990 recipient of the Utah ACS Award, president of the California Catalysis Society, a cofounder of the Western States Catalysis Club, and a recipient of the Pope Professorship in Chemical Engineering at BYU (1995-2000). ROBERT J. FARRAUTO, Research Fellow with Engelhard Corporation, is involved in all aspects of catalysis for the environmental, chemical, and petroleum industries. Dr. Farrauto is the author of seventy papers and recipient of fifty U.S. patents and served as North and South American editor of Applied Catalysis B: Environmental from 1995-2002. He is the recipient of the International Precious Metal Institute Henry Albert Award for excellence in precious metal catalysis (2000) and the Canadian Catalysis Society Award for excellence in catalysis (1999). He is currently an adjunct professor at Columbia University, New York City, in the Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering.

Preface. Acknowledgements. Nomenclature. Part One: Introduction and Fundamentals. 1 Catalysis: Introduction and Fundamental Catalytic Phenomena. 1.1 Emergence of Catalyst Technology, A Brief History. 1.2 Importance of Catalysis and Catalyst Technology. 1.3 Fundamental Catalytic Phenomena and Principles. 2 Catalyst Materials, Properties and Preparation. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Catalyst Materials. 2.3 Catalyst Properties. 2.4 Catalyst Preparation and Forming. 2.5 The Future. 3 Catalyst Characterization and Selection. 3.1 Principles and Objectives of Catalyst Characterization. 3.2 Determining Physical Properties of Catalysts. 3.3 Determining Chemical Properties of Catalysts. 3.4 Catalyst Selection. 4 Reactors, Reactor Design, and Activity Testing. 4.1 Definition and Classification of Reactors. 4.2 Fundamentals of Reactor Design. 4.3 Collecting, Analyzing and Reporting Data from Laboratory Reactors. 4.4 Choosing Reactors in the Laboratory and Plant. 5 Catalyst Deactivation: Causes, Mechanisms, and Treatment. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Causes and Mechanisms of Deactivation. 5.3 Prevention and Regenerative Treatment of Catalyst Decay. 5.4 Treatment of Catalyst Decay in Reactor and Process Design and Operation. Part Two: Industrial Practice. 6 Hydrogen Production and Synthesis Gas Reactions. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Production of Hydrogen and Synthesis Gas via Steam Reforming. 6.3 Ammonia Synthesis. 6.4 Methanol Synthesis. 6.5 Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. 7 Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation of Organic Compounds. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Hydrogenation Catalyst and Reactor Technologies. 7.3 Hydrogenation Reactions and Processes. 7.4 Dehydrogenation: Reaction Chemistry; Catalyst and Reactor Technologies. 7.5 Important Dehydrogenation Reactions and Processes. 8 Catalytic Oxidations of Inorganic and Organic Compounds. 8.1 Catalytic Oxidation Reactions. 8.2 Oxidation of Inorganic Compounds, 8.3 Hydrogen Cyanide Production (Ammoxidation of Methane). 8.4 Selective (Partial) Oxidation of Organic Compounds. 8.5 Future of Catalytic Oxidation. 9 Petroleum Refining and Processing. 9.1 Petroleum Refining. 9.2 Hydrotreating. 9.3 Catalytic Cracking. 9.4 Hydrocracking. 9.5 Naphtha Reforming. 9.6 Isomerization. 9.7 Alkylation. 9.8 Reformulated Gasoline and Methyl-t-Butyl Ether. 10 Environmental Catalysis: Mobile Sources. 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Automotive Gasoline Catalytic Converters. 10.3 Catalytic Abatement of Emissions from Diesel Engines. 10.4 Ozone Abatement in High-Flying Commercial Aircraft. 11 Environmental Catalysis: Stationary Sources. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Catalytic Reduction of NOx 11.3 Catalytic Oxidation of Hydrocarbon (VOC) Emissions 11.4 Catalytic Oxidation of CO Emissions 11.5 Kinetics of and Reactor Design for CO and VOC Oxidations. 11.6 Catalytic Abatement of Emissions from Wood Stoves. 12 Homogeneous, Enzyme, And Polymerization Catalysis. 12.1 Homogeneous Catalysis. 12.2 Enzyme Catalysis. 12.3 Polymerization Catalysis. 13 Hydrogen Production and Fuel Cells: Catalyst Technology. 13.1 Introduction, Perspective, and Objectives 13.2 Production of Hydrogen for Fuel cells. 13.3 The Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell. 13.4 Other Fuel Cells. Glossary 939 Index 954