Women in Aerospace Materials (eBook)

Preface 6
Contents 8
Chapter 1: Aerospace Trailblazers 10
1.1 Introduction 10
1.2 Beatrice Hicks (1919–1979) 10
1.3 Yvonne Brill (1924–2013) 14
1.4 Mildred Dresselhaus (1930–2017) 18
1.5 Bonnie Dunbar (1949–) 20
1.6 Tresa Pollock (1961–) 22
1.7 Cady Coleman (1960–) 24
References 25
Chapter 2: Peeking Inside the Black Box: NMR Metabolomics for Optimizing Cell-Free Protein Synthesis 27
2.1 Literature Review of Cell-Free Protein Synthesis 27
2.2 Experimental 31
2.3 Conclusions 39
References 39
Chapter 3: Development of Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials for Light Manipulation 42
3.1 Introduction 42
3.2 Overview of Classes of Nonlinear Optical Materials 44
3.3 Lessons Learned in Development and Utility for AF Applications 50
3.4 Conclusions 53
References 53
Chapter 4: 2D Materials: Molybdenum Disulfide for Electronic and Optoelectronic Devices 55
4.1 Introduction 55
4.2 MoS2 Research 56
4.3 Conclusion 61
References 61
Chapter 5: Emerging Materials to Move Plasmonics into the Infrared 64
5.1 Introduction 64
5.2 Material Properties 65
5.3 Transparent Conducting Oxides 67
5.4 Metal Nitrides 69
5.5 Semiconductors 70
5.6 Graphene and Organics 71
5.7 Nanoparticles and Nanostructures 72
5.8 Future Outlook 76
References 77
Chapter 6: Materials for Flexible Thin-Film Transistors: High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering of Zinc Oxide 83
6.1 Introduction 83
6.2 Experimental Details 86
6.3 Results and Discussion 88
6.4 Conclusions 93
References 94
Chapter 7: Printed Electronics for Aerospace Applications 97
7.1 Introduction 97
7.2 Materials for Printing 98
7.3 Printing and Post-processing 99
7.4 Material Characterization 101
7.5 Applications 104
7.6 Summary 107
References 108
Chapter 8: Challenges in Metal Additive Manufacturing for Large-Scale Aerospace Applications 109
8.1 Background: Metal Additive Manufacturing for Aerospace Applications 109
8.2 Attributes of Additive Manufacturing Processes 110
8.3 Directed Energy Deposition: Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication (EBF3) 111
8.4 Case Studies: Challenges in EBF3 Deposition 116
8.4.1 Generic Inconel® 718 Rocket Nozzle 116
8.4.2 Generic Ti-6Al-4V Rocket Nozzle 119
8.4.3 Copper-Nickel Bimetallic Nozzle 121
8.4.4 Aluminum Stiffened Panels for Aerostructures and Launch Vehicles 124
8.5 Concluding Remarks 127
References 127
Chapter 9: Advanced Characterization of Multifunctional Nanocomposites 129
9.1 Introduction 129
9.2 The Interphase 130
9.3 Nanoscale Characterization: Techniques and Challenges 131
9.4 AFM of Polymer Nanocomposites 131
9.5 SEM of Polymer Nanocomposites 134
9.6 Atomic Force Microscopy with Infrared Spectroscopy 139
9.7 Summary: The Power of Multiple Techniques 143
References 144
Chapter 10: Materials and Process Development of Aerospace Polymer Matrix Composites 146
10.1 Introduction 146
10.2 Materials Process Development 147
10.2.1 Influence of Out-Time on the Out-of-Autoclave Processability of Large Composite Structures [1, 2] 147
10.2.2 Evaluation of Exotherm Development in Processing Thick Composite Parts 150
10.3 Materials Development 157
10.3.1 Thermoplastic Interleave Approach to Meet Damage Tolerance Requirement of a Composite Fan Blade [9] 157
10.4 Summary 160
References 161
Author Biographies 162
Index 177