Clinical Speech and Voice Measurements

INTRODUCTION..A Word or Two to Our Student Readers..A Few Technicalities..BACKGROUND SKILLS AND INFORMATION..Basic Skills: Physical Examination..Tutorial: Descriptive Statistics..Tutorial: Relative Measures and Logarithmic Scaling..Tutorial: Plotting Data..Tutorial: Semitones..Tutorial: Decibels..Basic Skills: The Oscilloscope..Basic Skills: Reading Oscillograms.. Basic Skills: Calibration..VOCAL FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCY..Clinical Application: Vocal Fundamental Frequency..Clinical Application: Fundamental Frequency Perturbation (Vocal Jitter)..VOCAL INTENSITY..Clinical Application: The Sound Level meter, Vocal Intensity, and The Voice Range Profile..Clinical Application: Vocal Rise time..Clinical Application: Amplitude Perturbation (Vocal Shimmer)..AIR PRESSURE FOR SPEECH AND VOICE..Clinical Application: Intraoral Pressure During Consonant Production..Clinical Application: Estimating Subglottic Pressure..AIRFLOWS FOR SPEECH AND VOICE..Clinical Application: Mean Phonatory Airflow Using a Pneumotachograph..Clinical Application: Airflow During Speech Production..Clinical Application..Estimating Glottal Resistance..Clinical Application: Determining Lung Volume Change and Mean Phonatory Airflow from Spirometric Records..Clinical Application: Estimating Mean Speech Airflow from Spirometric Records..NASALIZATION..Clinical Application: Nasalance..Clinical Application: Nasalization..ELECTROGLOTTOGRAPHY..Basic Skills: Electroglottography..SOUND SPECTROGRAPHY..Basic Skills: Sound Spectrography I - Getting Acquainted..Basic Skills: Sound Spectrography II - Identifying Source" and "Filter" Contributions to the Speech Signal..Clinical Application..Spectrography - Vowel Formants..Clinical Application: Spectrography - Sonorants..Clinical Application: Spectrography - Fricatives..Clinical Application: Spectrography - Plosives and Affricates..APPENDIXES..Sample Vocal Tract Examination Form..The Angle Classification System of Malocclusions..Common Logarithm Table..Standard Reading Passage: The Rainbow..Mathematical Definitions of Vocal Jitter Measures..Mathematical Definitions of Vocal Shimmer Measures..Predicted Normal Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)..Low-Flow Reading Passage: Marvin Williams..High-Flow Reading Passage: Harrison Cook"