Emerging Trends in Mechanical Engineering (eBook)

Committees 6
National Advisory Board 6
International Advisory Board 7
Organizing Committee 8
International Reviewers 9
National Reviewers 10
Preface 12
Keynote Speakers 14
Contents 15
About the Editors 21
Parametric Optimization of Nd:YAG Laser Microgrooving of Alumina Ceramic Using Integrated RSM-PSO Approach 23
1 Introduction 23
2 Experimental Procedure 24
3 Results and Discussion 29
3.1 Development of Predictive Model 29
3.2 Response Optimization Using PSO 30
4 Conclusion 31
References 32
Optimization of Valve-Train Components for Durability Analysis by Using Finite Element Analysis Method 33
1 Introduction 33
2 Finite Element Modeling 34
3 General Discussion on Virtual Experimental Plan 36
References 46
Stratification by Fuel Injection and Positive Ignition 47
1 Introduction 47
2 Stratified Engine Construction and Its Working 48
3 Method of Fuel Injection and Positive Ignition 49
3.1 Approach 49
3.2 Volkswagen PCI Stratified Charge Engine 50
3.3 Broderson Method of Stratification 51
3.4 Swirling Effect 53
4 Conclusion 54
References 54
Analysis of Miniature Loop Heat Pipe Under Varying Working Fluids and Wick Materials at Low Heat Inputs 55
1 Introduction 55
2 Physical Model 57
3 Results and Discussion 58
3.1 Variation of Heat Transfer Coefficients for Different Working Fluids and Fill Ratios with Nickel as Wick Material 59
3.2 Variation of HTCs for Different Working Fluids and Fill Ratios with UHMW Polyethylene Wick 60
3.3 Variation of Evaporator Temperature for Different Working Fluids and Fill Ratios with Nickel as Wick Material 61
3.4 Variation of Evaporator Temperature for Different Working Fluids and Fill Ratios with UHMW Polyethylene Wick 61
4 Conclusions 62
References 62
Computational Design and Analysis of a Piston with Different Head Thicknesses and Top Land Widths 64
1 Introduction 64
2 Methodology 65
3 Results and Discussion 67
3.1 Structural Analysis 68
4 Conclusions 73
References 74
Development and Fabrication of Smart Waste Segregator 75
1 Introduction 76
2 Methodology 77
3 Development and Fabrication 78
3.1 Materials and Equipment 78
3.2 Specifications 79
3.3 Mechanisms 80
4 Results and Discussion 82
5 Conclusions 83
References 84
Influence of Heat Index on Tensile Properties and Formability of Friction Stir Dissimilar Welded Blanks 85
1 Introduction 85
2 Experimental Procedure 86
3 Results and Discussions 88
4 Conclusions 91
References 91
Convective Heat Transfer on the Optimum Spacing of High Heat Dissipating Heat Sources—A Numerical Approach 93
1 Introduction 93
2 Background Study 94
3 Methodology 95
3.1 Numerical Simulation 95
3.2 Fuzzy Logic 98
4 Result and Discussion 100
4.1 Validation of Numerical Results 100
5 Conclusion 102
Appendix 103
References 103
Effect of Alkali Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Tapsi Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composites 105
1 Introduction 105
2 Materials and Methods 106
2.1 Matrix 106
2.2 Alkali Treatment 107
2.3 Preparation of the Composite and Test Specimen 107
3 Results and Discussion 108
3.1 Tensile Load Measurement 108
3.2 Flexural Strength Measurement 108
3.3 Impact Strength Measurement 109
4 Conclusion 110
References 110
Finite Element Analysis and Theoretical Wear Behaviour for Total Hip Replacement 112
1 Introduction 112
2 Finite Element Modelling of an Artificial Hip Joint 113
3 Material Properties of THR Model 114
4 Loading and Boundary Conditions 115
5 Results for Static Analysis 117
6 Wear of 30 mm ZTA/ZTA Bearing Total Hip Replacement 120
7 Conclusion 121
References 122
Characteristics of Mixed Convective Flowover Fins for Automobile Application 123
1 Introduction 123
2 Problem Statement 124
3 Numerical Methodology 125
4 Results and Discussions 127
5 Conclusions 130
References 130
A Study on Implementation of Simulation at Operational Level in Manufacturing System 132
1 Introduction 132
2 Methodology 133
2.1 Description of Production Process and Simulation Model 133
3 Simulation Runs and Experiment 135
4 Results 135
5 Payback Period Calculation 136
6 Conclusion 136
References 138
Productivity Improvement at Actuator Assembly Section Using Manual and Video Work Study Techniques 139
1 Introduction 139
2 Methodology 140
3 Data Analysis and Results 142
3.1 Video Work Study for Existing Method 143
3.2 Video Work Study for Proposed Method 144
4 Conclusions 146
References 146
Development and Characterization of Polyamide Fiber Composite Filled with Fly Ash for Wind Turbine Blade 147
1 Introduction 147
2 Research Background 148
3 Experimental Procedure 149
3.1 Preparation of the Specimens 149
3.2 Description about the Tests 150
4 Results and Discussion 150
4.1 Erosion Analysis 150
4.2 Density Analysis 152
4.3 Hardness Test (RHB) 152
4.4 Tensile Test 153
5 Conclusion 154
References 154
Stereomicroscopic Analysis of Fracture Surfaces of Cold Drawn Steel Wires 156
1 Introduction 156
2 Material and Method 157
3 Results 157
3.1 Pass Schedule-1 158
3.2 Pass Schedule-2 158
3.3 Pass Schedule-3 158
4 Discussion 161
4.1 Pass Schedule-1 161
4.2 Pass Schedule-2 162
4.3 Pass Schedule-3 165
5 Conclusion 165
References 166
Comparison of Thermo-Physical and Tribological Characteristics of Nanolubricant 167
1 Introduction 168
2 Materials and Preparation of Nanolubricant 169
2.1 Characterization of Nanoparticles 169
2.2 Preparation of Nanolubricant 170
2.3 Viscosity Measurement 172
2.4 Thermal Conductivity Measurement 172
2.5 Tribological Test 172
3 Results and Discussion 173
3.1 Viscosity 173
3.2 Coefficient of Friction 175
3.3 Thermal Conductivity 175
4 Conclusions 177
References 177
Predictive Modeling and Optimization of Technological Response Parameters in Nd:YAG Laser Microgrooving of Titanium Alloy Using Combined RSM-PSO Approach 179
1 Introduction 179
2 Experimental Procedure 180
3 Results and Discussion 181
3.1 Development of Response Model 181
3.2 Response Optimization Using PSO 185
4 Conclusions 188
References 189
Application of Taguchi’s Orthogonal Array and Overall Evaluation Criteria in Turning of AISI D2 Steel in Dry and Forced Air-Cooled Environment 190
1 Introduction 190
2 Experimental Set Up 192
3 Results and Discussions 192
3.1 Experimental Design 192
3.2 Overall Evaluation Criteria (OEC) 194
3.3 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 194
3.4 Average Performance Value of OEC 196
3.5 Comparison of Optimum Value of OEC from Experimental Run and Level Wise Optimum Parametric Average Performance Value of OEC 197
4 Conclusion 198
References 198
Rearranging and Optimizing of Butterfly Valve Manufacturing Layout Using Simulation 200
1 Introduction 200
2 Methodology 201
2.1 Current Layout Data Analysis 201
2.2 After Layout Data Analysis 203
3 Results 203
3.1 Comparison of Productivity (Volume of Production) 204
3.2 Percentage Improvements 205
3.3 Machine Utilization 205
4 Conclusions 205
References 206
A Comparative Analysis of Annular Fin Array Under Multi-objective Optimization 207
1 Introduction 207
2 Problem Statement and Formulation 208
2.1 Heat Dissipation Model 208
3 Optimization Modeling of Annular Fin Arrays 210
3.1 Fin Arrays with Constant and Nonlinearly Varying Thickness Fin 211
3.2 Fin Arrays with Fin of Step Change in Thickness 211
3.3 Formulation of Objective Functions 212
4 Experimentation and Discussion 213
5 Conclusion 214
References 215
A Novel Discount Mechanism for Buy Online PickUp in Store (BOPS) 216
1 Introduction 216
2 Literature Review 217
2.1 Omnichannel Retailing 218
2.2 BOPS 219
3 Problem Environment 219
3.1 Discount Mechanisms 220
3.2 Maximizing Revenue for DC 220
4 Numerical Illustration 221
4.1 Managerial Insights 222
5 Conclusion 224
References 224
Investigation of Fracture Parameters of Jute/Glass Reinforced Hybrid Composite and Analysis by Using FEA 226
1 Introduction 227
2 Experimentation 228
2.1 Materials 228
2.2 Specimen Fabrication 229
2.3 Estimation of the Weight of the Fibers, Epoxy-Hardener Mixture 230
2.4 Fabrication Procedure 230
2.5 Preparation of Standard Test Specimen 231
2.6 Single Edge Notch Bending Test 231
3 Finite Element Analysis 234
4 Results and Discussion 236
5 Conclusion 238
References 238
Optimization of Machining Parameters During Dry Cutting of Ti6Al4V Using Taguchi’s Orthogonal Array 240
1 Introduction 240
2 Experimental Procedures 242
2.1 Selection of Material 242
2.2 Selection of Cutting Tool 243
2.3 Experimental Plan and Procedure 243
2.4 Measurement of Performance Characteristics 243
3 Results and Discussion 244
3.1 Confidence Interval 249
3.2 Empirical Modelling 250
4 Conclusions 251
References 254
Makespan Optimization in Open Shop Scheduling 255
1 Introduction 255
2 Methodology 257
2.1 Integer Formulation of Problem 257
2.2 Constraint Programming 257
3 Result and Discussion 259
4 Conclusions 262
References 262
Assessment of Manufacturing Process Through Lean Manufacturing and Sustainability Indicators: Case Studies in Indian Perspective 263
1 Introduction 263
2 Literature Review 264
2.1 Reviews on Adoption of Lean Manufacturing 264
2.2 Reviews on Sustainability Indicators 265
3 Methodology 265
4 Development of a Conceptual Method to Assess the Sustainability in the Manufacturing Process 266
4.1 Development of Key Performance Index Based on TBL Concept 266
5 Case Study 267
5.1 Pilot Test at an Automotive Component Manufacturing Organization 267
5.2 Pilot Test at PVC Pipe Manufacturing Organization 269
5.3 Opportunity for Improvements Observed in Case Studies 270
6 Conclusion 272
References 272
Effects of Graphite Particles in Titanium Metal Matrix Developed by Spark Plasma Sintering Process 274
1 Introduction 274
2 Material Fabrication 275
3 Analysis of Titanium–Graphite Powders 276
3.1 XRD Analysis 276
3.2 Density Measurement 277
3.3 Hardness Measurement 278
3.4 SEM Analysis 279
3.5 Machinability Analysis of Titanium–Graphite 280
4 Conclusion 281
References 281
Effect on Bearings in Rotating Components by Vibration Analysis: A Case Study in Steel Plant 284
1 Introduction 284
2 Literature Survey 285
3 Problem Identification 285
4 Root Cause Analysis Methodology 286
5 Results and Discussions 288
6 Conclusion 289
References 290
Multi-objective Optimization of Photochemical Machining Parameters Using Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis 292
1 Introduction 292
2 Material Selection and Methodology 293
2.1 Material 293
2.2 Experimental Procedure 293
2.3 Selection of Parameter 294
2.4 Taguchi Design of Experiment 294
2.5 Multi-objective Optimization Using GRA 294
3 Results and Discussion 298
4 Conclusions 299
References 300
Experimental Investigations on Microstructure, Mechanical and Wear Behavior Under Dry Sliding of Al6061 with Particulate-Reinforced SiC and TiB2 Metal Matrix Composite Developed by Stir Casting 301
1 Introduction 302
2 Materials 302
3 Methodology 303
4 Experimentation 304
4.1 Microstructure 304
4.2 Microhardness 305
4.3 Tribological Analysis 305
5 Results and Discussion 305
5.1 Results 305
5.2 Conclusions 311
References 311
Investigations on Material Removal Rate During Wire Electrodischarge Machining of Nickel–Titanium Alloy 313
1 Introduction 313
2 Experimental Details 314
2.1 Work and Tool Material 314
2.2 Design of Experiments and Methodology 315
2.3 Process Parameters 315
2.4 Experimentation 315
2.5 Monitoring of Output Responses 316
3 Response Surface Modeling 316
4 Results and Discussions 317
4.1 Main Effect Plot 317
4.2 Analysis of the Interaction Effects of Process Parameters 318
5 Conclusion 321
References 321
A Study on the Development of Aluminum Alloys Using the Mechanical Surface Improvement Method Using the Taguchi Method 322
1 Introduction 322
2 Materials and Methods 323
2.1 Material and Experiments 323
2.2 Measurements 326
3 Results and Discussion 327
3.1 Experimental Results 327
3.2 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 329
4 Conclusions 330
References 330
A Review on 4D Printing—the Next Industrial Revolution 332
1 Introduction 332
2 Materials Suitable for 4D Printing 334
2.1 Applications in Various Fields 334
2.2 Working of 4D Printed Components 335
2.3 Strength and Weakness of 4D Printing 336
2.4 Opportunities and Threats of 4D Printing 336
2.5 Limitations 337
2.6 Future Scope 337
2.7 Conclusion 338
References 338
Parametric Investigations on Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloys 339
1 Introduction 339
2 Literature Survey 340
3 Experimental Work 341
4 Analysis of Input Process Parameters Over Output Responses 345
4.1 Influence of Rotational Speed on Tensile Strength 345
4.2 Influence of Weld Speed on Tensile Strength 345
4.3 Influence of Tilt Angle on Tensile Strength 346
4.4 Influence of Rotational Speed on Impact Strength 346
4.5 Influence of Weld Speed on Impact Strength 347
4.6 Influence of Tilt Angle on Impact Strength 347
5 Microstructructural Investigations 347
6 Conclusions 350
References 351
A Study of Direct and Inverse Problems in Force Sensing of Elastic Bodies 352
1 Introduction 352
2 Association of Problems with Boundary Conditions 353
3 Solution Strategy 354
4 Example 355
5 Numerical Results 356
5.1 Direct Problem 357
5.2 Inverse Problem 358
6 Conclusion 359
References 359
Linear Heat Transfer and Structural Analysis of a Railway Wheel 361
1 Introduction 361
2 Finite Element Modelling 362
2.1 Material Properties 363
3 Finite Element Analysis 363
4 Results and Discussion 364
5 Conclusions 366
References 367
Performance Optimization of VCR Diesel Engine Using Soybean Oil-Based Biodiesel 368
1 Introduction 368
2 Test Setup 369
3 Performance Optimization Using Taguchi Method 370
3.1 Selection of Input Parameters and Levels 371
3.2 Selection of Orthogonal Array and Experimental Results 371
3.3 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 371
3.4 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (S/N Ratio) 372
4 Results and Discussion 373
5 Conclusion 376
References 377
Vibration Response of Sandwich Beam with Viscoelastic Core and FGM Face Sheets Using Finite Element Method 379
1 Introduction 380
2 Mathematical Formulation 381
2.1 The Material Properties of FGM Face Sheet 382
2.2 FGM Face Sheet 382
2.3 Viscoelastic Core 383
2.4 Governing Equation of Motion 384
3 Results and Discussion 384
4 Conclusions 387
References 387
Heat Transfer Enhancement with Different Nanofluids in Heat Exchanger by CFD 389
1 Introduction 389
1.1 Preparation and Stability of Nanofluids 391
2 Literature Survey 391
3 Modeling of Heat Exchanger Using Creo 2.0 392
4 Boundary Conditions 392
5 Thermophysical Properties 393
6 Fluent for Heat Exchanger 394
7 Results and Discussions 395
8 Conclusion 398
References 399
Adopting SDR Fluctuations to Non-premixed Turbulent Combustion by Varying Swirl Ratio 400
1 Introduction 400
2 Problem Definition 401
3 Theory of Computation 401
4 Theory of Computation 401
5 Test Computations 403
5.1 Effect of Initial Swirl Ratio 403
5.2 Comparison of Predicted and Experimental Pressure Histories 404
5.3 Comparison of Predicted and Experimental Temperature Histories 404
5.4 Effect of Initial Swirl Ratio on in-Cylinder Pressure 405
5.5 Effect of Initial Swirl Ratio on in-Cylinder Temperature 405
5.6 Effect of Initial Swirl Ratio on Total Energy 406
5.7 Effect of Initial Swirl Ratio on Turbulent Kinetic Energy 409
5.8 Effect of Initial Swirl Ratio on HC Emission 409
5.9 Effect of Initial Swirl Ratio on CO Emission 409
5.10 Effect of Initial Swirl Ratio on CO2 Emission 409
6 Conclusions 414
References 414
Flat-Fire Trajectory Simulation of AK-47 Assault Rifle 7.82-mm Bullet 415
1 Introduction 416
2 CFD Results 416
3 Trajectory Computation 420
4 Conclusions 424
References 425
Optimum Annular Plane Fin Profile with Uniformly Varying Thickness 426
1 Introduction 426
2 Problem Statement and Formulation 427
2.1 Heat Dissipation Modeling 427
2.2 Thermal Stress Modeling 428
3 Optimization Modeling 429
4 Solution Procedure 430
5 Experimentation and Discussion 430
5.1 Sensitivity Analysis 432
6 Conclusion 433
References 433
Experimental Study on Effect of Green Cutting Fluid and Surfactant on Temperature in Turning Operation 435
1 Introduction 435
2 Materials and Method 436
2.1 Cutting Fluid Preparation 437
2.2 Cutting Condition 437
3 Results and Discussion 437
4 Conclusion 446
References 446
Comparative Investigation of Alloy Plates Against Ballistic Impact, Blast, and Fire Loading 448
1 Introduction 449
2 Mathematical Modeling 450
3 Results and Discussion 451
4 Conclusions 454
References 455
Inverse Kinematics and Trajectory Planning of Planar Redundant Manipulators in Cluttered Workspace 457
1 Introduction 457
2 Problem Formulation 459
2.1 Inverse Kinematics and Trajectory Planning 460
2.2 Obstacle Avoidance 460
2.3 Redundancy Resolution 461
3 Methodology 461
4 Results and Discussion 462
4.1 A 5-Link Robot with One Polygonal Obstacle 462
4.2 Inverse Kinematics and Trajectory Planning of 5-DOF Robot 462
4.3 Redundancy Resolution with Polygonal Obstacles 464
5 Conclusions 464
References 465
Investigation on Mechanical Properties of Equal Channel Angular Formed Al6061 and Graphite Metal Matrix Composite 466
1 Introduction 466
2 Material Selection 467
3 Preparation of the Composites 467
4 Equipment Details 469
5 Test Results and Discussion 471
5.1 Micro Structural Study 471
5.2 Hardness Test 472
5.3 Corrosion Test 473
6 Conclusion 474
References 474
The Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Alloy 7075 with Nano B4C 476
1 Introduction 476
2 Experimental Work 477
2.1 Material 477
2.2 Preparation of Nano Composite—Al7075–B4C 477
2.3 Testing of Composites 477
3 Outcomes and Discussion on Microstructure 478
3.1 Microstructure Study 478
3.2 Tensile Properties 478
3.3 Compression Strength 481
3.4 Hardness Study 482
4 Conclusions 482
References 482
Comparison of Various Types of Lubrication During Hard Turning of H13 Tool Steel by Analysing Flank Wear Using ANOVA 483
1 Introduction 484
2 Selection of Work Material 485
3 Selection of Cutting Tool 485
4 Experimental Setup 485
5 Experimental Procedure 487
5.1 Design of Experiment 487
5.2 Measurement of Tool Wear 488
6 Results and Discussion 488
6.1 Relative Significance Graphs for Flank Wear 488
6.2 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Results for Flank Wear 489
6.3 Comparison of Flank Wear During MCFA and MQL 489
7 Conclusions 490
References 491
Study of Wear Properties of Vinyl Ester Polymer Filled with Micro-Gr-Nano-CuO Particles 492
1 Introduction 493
2 Experimentation 494
2.1 Materials 494
2.2 Specimen Preparation 494
2.3 Characteristics 495
3 Results and Discussion 496
3.1 Effect of Speed on Specific Wear Rate of the Composites 496
4 Conclusions 501
References 502
Experimental Modeling of EDMed Aluminum Metal Metrix Composite: A Review 503
1 Introduction 503
2 Research Developments of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite Materials 505
3 Experimental Modeling of EDM of AMC Materials 507
4 Conclusion 509
References 509
Numerical Simulation of Transient Temperature and Stresses During Friction Stir Welding of AA 7075 T651 511
1 Introduction 511
2 Description of Numerical Simulation 512
2.1 Governing Equation 513
3 Result and Discussion 515
4 Conclusion 518
References 518
Energy Production Through Gasification of Waste Biomass in Punjab Region 520
1 Introduction 520
2 Methodology 521
2.1 Experimental Details 521
2.2 Characterization of Biomass 523
3 Results and Discussion 524
3.1 Characterization Analysis of Biomass 524
3.2 Gas Composition 525
3.3 Gas Calorific Value and Cold Gas Efficiency 525
4 Conclusion 527
References 527
Image Correlation Technique for Slope and Curvature of a Cantilever Beam Using Light Intensity 529
1 Introduction 529
1.1 Image Correlation Technique 529
1.2 Relation Between Bending Moment and Curvature 531
1.3 Derivation of Slope for a Given Length of Cantilever Beam 531
2 Introduction 532
2.1 Optical Bench Setup 532
2.2 Capturing of Images for Unloading and Loading Conditions 532
2.3 Experiment Procedure 534
3 Results and Discussion 535
3.1 For 0.05 mm Tip Displacement 535
3.2 For 0.14 mm Tip Displacement 535
3.3 For 0.22 mm Tip Displacement 536
4 Results and Discussion 537
References 537
Influence of the Notch Length on the Optimal Radial Location of Strain Gage in a Single Edged Notched Plate 538
1 Introduction 538
2 Theoretical Aspects 539
2.1 Elastic Strain Analysis 539
2.2 Single Strain Gage Technique 541
2.3 Optimal Radial Strain Gage Locations 543
3 Results and Discussions 544
4 Conclusions 547
References 547
Mathematical Prediction of Thermal Runaway Conditions During the Nitration of DNT to TNT 549
1 Introduction 549
2 Methodology 551
2.1 The Basic Chemical Reactions Under Study 551
2.2 Modeling the Selected Chemical Reactions 551
2.3 Solving the Mathematical Model 553
3 Results and Discussions 555
3.1 Discussion 556
4 Conclusion 559
References 560
Flow Physics Analysis on the Effect of Cambered Airfoil Blades on Vertical Axis Wind Turbines Using CFD 562
1 Introduction 562
2 Model Generation and Mathematical Formulation 564
2.1 Generation of Airfoil Models 564
2.2 Meshing and Boundary Conditions 565
2.3 Mathematical Formulation 566
3 Results and Discussion 567
4 Conclusion 569
References 569
Application of Additive Dispersed Green Cutting Fluids in Machining 570
1 Introduction 570
2 Materials and Methods 572
2.1 Formulation of Additive-Based Cutting Fluids 572
2.2 Absorbance and Thermal Conductivity 572
2.3 Machining 572
3 Results and Discussion 574
3.1 Absorbance 574
3.2 Thermal Conductivity 574
3.3 Cutting Temperatures 575
3.4 Tool Wear 575
3.5 Surface Roughness 576
4 Conclusions 577
References 577
Investigating the Effect of Metal Working Fluid in Orthogonal Cutting of AISI 420 Stainless Steel Using 3-Dimensional Finite Element Model 579
1 Introduction 579
2 Materials and Method 580
2.1 Numerical Model 580
2.2 Developed 3D FE Model 581
2.3 Mesh Refinement Test 582
2.4 Model Validation 582
3 Results and Discussion 583
4 Conclusion 587
References 587
Free and Forced Vibration Analysis of Functionally Graded Beams Using Finite Element Model Based on Refined Third-Order Theory 589
1 Introduction 589
2 Problem Formulation 590
2.1 Finite Element Formulation 591
3 Numerical Results 593
3.1 Static Response 593
3.2 Dynamic Response 594
4 Conclusions 595
References 597
A Statistical Analysis to Optimize Wear Properties of Hybrid Polymer PTFE Composites 599
1 Introduction 599
2 Experimental Details 600
3 Results and Discussion 601
4 Conclusions 602
References 603
Recent Advances in the Development of Aluminium Matrix Composites (AMCs) 604
1 Introduction 604
2 Reinforcement and Processing Techniques 605
3 Computational Framework 607
4 Mechanical Properties 607
5 Conclusion 610
References 611
A Comparative Analysis of LiDAR and Wind Mast Measured Wind Data with the Reanalysis Datasets for an Offshore Location of Gujarat 612
1 Introduction 612
2 LiDAR Measurement Data 613
3 Wind Mast Data 614
4 Reanalysis Datasets and the Comparative Analysis 614
5 Results Discussion 617
6 Conclusions 618
References 619