Advancement in Emerging Technologies and Engineering Applications (eBook)

Contents 6
A Study of Oil Spill at Marine Companies: Factors and Effects 11
1 Introduction 12
2 Methodology 12
2.1 Theoretical Framework 12
2.2 Population, Sample and Respondents 13
3 Results Analysis 14
3.1 Demographic Analysis 14
3.2 Descriptive Statistics (Factors) 16
3.3 Correlation (Effect) 16
4 Conclusion and Recommendation 19
References 20
Dynamics Analysis of Single Buoy Mooring in Malaysian Waters 23
1 Introduction 23
2 Objectives 24
3 Environmental Factors 24
4 Problem Statement 25
5 Synthetic Fibre 25
6 Mooring Configurations 25
7 Analytical Calculations of Static Forces 26
8 Buoy Construction 27
9 Equation of Motion 27
10 Mooring System Simulation 28
11 Irregular Wave 28
12 Dynamics Analysis of Mooring Lines 28
13 Mooring Simulation 29
13.1 Tension of Mooring Lines 30
14 Hydrodynamics Performance 30
15 Results and Discussions 30
16 Conclusions 31
17 Recommendations 32
References 32
Forensic Investigation on the Propulsion Train System for Vibration Induced Phenomenon Onboard a Naval Vessel Using Fast Fourier Transform 34
1 Introduction 35
2 Methodology 35
3 Result and Discussion 36
3.1 Analyzed Frequency Data 37
3.2 Acceptance Vibration Limit 38
3.3 Recommendation and Remedial Measure 38
4 Conclusion 39
Appendix: Formulas and Calculation 40
References 41
Thermal Characteristics of Electrically Conductive Adhesives (ECAs): Study on Micro- and Nano-Sized Silver Particle Effect 42
1 Introduction 43
2 Experimental Method 44
2.1 Materials 44
2.2 Preparation of ECA Composite 44
2.3 Characterization 45
3 Results and Discussion 45
3.1 Thermal Conductivity of Micro- and Nano-Sized Particles 45
3.2 Thermal Conductivity of Hybrid-Sized Systems 46
4 Conclusions 47
References 48
Flexural Analysis for Syntactic Foam Sandwich Panels 49
1 Introduction 49
2 Methodology 51
2.1 The Flexural Syntactic Foam Core Sandwich Panel 51
2.2 The FEA Finite Element Analysis(FEA) Modelling 51
3 Result and Discussion 52
4 Conclusion 54
References 54
Single Order Multiple Regression Model on Existing Vessel Design Index (EVDI) 56
1 Introduction 56
2 Methodology 57
2.1 Multiple Regression (MR) Models 57
3 Source of Material (Data) 59
4 Analysis and Result 59
5 Discussions 61
6 Conclusion 62
References 62
A Preliminary Design of an Adjustable Double-Outrigger Stabilizer for Fishing Boat 63
1 Introduction 63
2 Methodology 65
3 Results and Discussion 67
4 Conclusion 68
References 69
Experimental Analysis of FRP Confined Concrete for Underwater Application 70
1 Introduction 71
1.1 Shape of Effects 73
1.2 Fiber Properties 73
1.3 Vacuum In-fusion Process 74
2 Test Specimen and Experimental Setup 75
2.1 Test Specimen 75
2.2 Mechanical-Compression Test 75
3 Result and Discussion 76
3.1 Stress Versus Strain Relationship 78
3.2 Test Database of FRP-Confined Concrete Cylinders 78
4 Conclusion 79
References 81
Scaling of RV Athena’s Appendage Drag Using CFD 83
1 Introduction 83
1.1 Ship Appendages 83
1.2 Estimating the Appendage Drag 84
1.3 Appendage Scaling Using the Beta Approach 86
2 Methods 86
2.1 Case Study 86
2.2 CFD Computations 87
2.3 Grid Dependence Study 88
2.4 Validation Study 89
3 Results 90
3.1 Drag of Each of the Appendages 90
3.2 Estimation of the Beta Factor 91
4 Conclusion 91
References 93
Effective Control of SOx and NOx Release to the Atmosphere from Emissions of Ship Propulsion Engines 94
1 Introduction 95
1.1 Regulation 13 95
1.2 Regulation 14 96
2 Issues of Ship Emissions Regulations 96
3 Studies on Ship Emissions 97
4 Technological Method of Effective Control 100
5 Conclusion 102
References 102
Study of the Stratification Effect at the Reactor Installation in the Smolenskaya Area 104
1 Introduction 104
2 Climatic Condition and Hydrography of Smolensk Area 105
3 Creating the Forecasting Model of the Smolensk NPP Area 106
3.1 Methodology 106
3.2 Model of the Calculated Area 106
3.3 Boundary Conditions and First Conditions 107
4 Results and Discussion 108
4.1 First Case—Heat Transfer by Convection 108
4.2 Second Case—Heat Transfer by Cooling Evaporation 109
5 Processing the Calculated Results 109
6 Conclusion 111
References 111
Piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE) Thick Film Based Micro-power Generator Using Flexible Substrate for Wearable Applications 112
1 Introduction 113
2 Experiment Setup 113
3 Results and Discussion 115
4 Conclusion 118
References 119
Thermal Degradation of Unsaturated Polyester and Composite Fiberglass Embedded with Aluminium Phosphate 120
1 Introduction 120
2 Methodology 122
3 Results and Discussion 122
4 Conclusion 126
References 127
Effect of Thermal Aging on the Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Multilayer Composite with Various Core Structure 128
1 Introduction 128
2 Methodology 130
3 Results and Discussion 130
4 Conclusion 134
References 134
Design and Fabrication of a Parallel Mechanism for Foot/Ankle Rehabilitation Therapy 136
1 Introduction 137
2 Parallel Mechanism 137
3 Intermediate Complexity Device 138
4 Ankle Rehabilitation 138
5 Methods and Materials 139
5.1 Ankle Rehab Robot Design Phase 139
5.2 Ankle Rehab Robot Fabrication Phase 141
5.3 Ankle Rehab Robot Testing Phase 142
6 Results and Discussion 142
7 Conclusions 143
References 144
Mechanical Sieve Grading of Silica Sand from Tin Mining for Metal Casting Mould 145
1 Introduction 146
2 Material and Method 149
2.1 Grain Sand Distribution 149
2.2 Average Grain Size 150
3 Result and Discussion 151
3.1 Grain Sand Distribution 151
3.2 Average Grain Size 154
4 Conclusion 156
References 156
Design of Full-Bridge Rectifier for Underwater Remotely Operated Power Supply Unit 158
1 Introduction 158
2 Design of Single-Phase Full Bridge Rectifier 159
2.1 Simulation of Rectifier 160
2.2 Filtering or Smoothing Capacitor 161
3 Conclusions 163
References 163
Optimization Structure Design of Offshore Oscillating Water Column (OWC) Wave Energy Converter 164
1 Introduction 165
2 Literature Review 165
3 Methodology 166
4 Data Collection 166
4.1 Wave Load Configuration 167
4.2 Structure Analysis Configuration 169
5 Results and Discussions 169
5.1 Optimization of Selection Model 171
6 Conclusion 173
References 174
Main Propulsion Marine Diesel Engine Condition Based Maintenance Monitoring Using Ultrasound Signal 175
1 Introduction 176
1.1 Main Propulsion Marine Diesel Engine 176
1.2 Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) 177
2 Methodology 178
2.1 Experimental Equipment and Test Rig 178
3 Results and Discussion 180
4 Conclusion 186
References 187
Investigation on Performance and Emissions of a Single Cylinder Marine Diesel Engine Fuelled with Diesel and Crude Palm Biodiesel Oil 188
1 Introduction 189
2 Experimental Setup 190
3 Results and Discussions 194
4 Conclusion 197
References 198
A CFD Analysis of Ventilation System Improvement in the Two Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Workshop 201
1 Introduction 201
2 Methodology 203
2.1 Model of Study 203
2.2 CFD Simulations 203
3 Result and Discussion 204
3.1 Comparison of Simulation Results Between Natural Ventilation Systems and Force Ventilation Systems Using 5 Sets of Exhaust Fan 204
4 Conclusion 207
References 208
Thermal Comfort in Marine Workshop: Environmental Ergonomics Measurement Approach 209
1 Introduction 209
2 Methodology 210
3 Results and Discussion 211
4 Conclusion 215
References 215
A Study of Carbon Dioxide and Temperature 216
1 Introduction 216
2 Literature Review 217
3 Methodology 218
4 Results 219
5 Discussions 219
6 Conclusions 226
References 226
Fire Retardant and Physical Properties of Kapok-Chopped Strand Mats Fiberglass Composites for Marine Application 227
1 Introduction 227
2 Materials and Preparation 228
2.1 Composites Preparation 229
2.2 Preparation of Raw Fiberglass and kapok/csm Hybrid Composites 230
3 Experimental 230
3.1 Water Absorption Test and Thickness Swelling 230
3.2 Fire Retardant Test 231
4 Results and Discussion 231
4.1 Water Absorption and Thickness Swelling Behavior 231
4.2 Vertical and Horizontal Burning Test Result 232
5 Conclusion 233
References 234
Important Parameter Related to AFM Lithography for Fabrication of Silicon Nanowires 235
1 Introduction 236
2 Experimental Methodology 237
3 Results and Discussion 239
3.1 Sample Preparation 239
3.2 AFM Nanolithography 242
3.3 AFM Tip and Exposure Time (Writing Speed) 243
3.4 Environment Relative Humidity and Temperature 243
4 Conclusion 246
References 248
An Investigation on the Overall Efficiency of a Ship with Shaft Generator Using an Engine Room Simulator 250
1 Introduction 250
2 Theory 252
3 Methodology 253
3.1 Simulator Propulsion and Electric Power Plant 254
3.2 Fuel Consumption 255
4 Results 256
5 Conclusion 258
References 259
The Impact of Industrial Revolution 4.0 on Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Activities in Malaysia 261
1 Introduction 261
2 Background of Industry Revolution 4.0 and Malaysian Shipbuilding/Ship Repair (SBSR) 264
3 Industry Revolution 4.0 in Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Industry 265
4 Recommendation 265
4.1 Development of Comprehensive Blueprint for SBSR 266
4.2 LNG Fuelled Engine 266
4.3 Solar and Wind Powered Ships 266
4.4 Integrated Electric Propulsion 266
4.5 Shipbuilding Robotics 267
5 Conclusion 267
References 267
BMI Monitoring System Using LabVIEW 268
1 Introduction 268
2 Objective 269
3 Methodology and Design 269
4 Result 272
5 Conclusion 273
References 274
Application of Contactless Inductive Charging for Ship—A Review 275
1 Introduction 275
2 Inductive Power Transfer IPT System Description 276
3 Compensation Topology 277
4 Power Converter 278
5 Inductive Coupling 278
6 Rechargeable Battery 279
7 Marine Propulsion System 281
8 Marine Hybrid Propulsion System 281
8.1 Hybrid Diesel Propulsion Systems 283
8.2 Hybrid Fuel Cell Systems 284
9 Energy Storage Devices 284
10 Potential Energy Storages for Shipboard Power System 286
10.1 Battery 286
10.2 Supercapacitor 287
10.3 Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) 287
10.4 Flywheel Energy Storage (FES) 288
11 Conclusion 288
References 289
Ro-Ro Port Facilities Toward Customer Satisfaction: Evidence from Kuala Perlis Terminal, Perlis, Malaysia 291
1 Introduction 291
1.1 Ro-Ro Operation 291
2 Literature Review 292
2.1 Short Sea Shipping 292
2.2 Ro-Ro Operation at Kuala Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia 292
3 Methodology 293
4 Results of Reliability Test 293
5 Conclusion 294
6 Recommendation 294
References 295
Finite Element Modeling and Updating for Dynamic Study of Exhaust Structure 296
1 Introduction 297
2 Finite Element Analysis (FEA) 297
2.1 Execution of FE Model for Exhaust Structure 298
3 Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) 298
3.1 Description of Modal Testing for Exhaust Structure 299
4 Correlation Between FEA and EMA 299
5 FE Model Updating of Exhaust Structure 301
5.1 Sensitivity Analysis 301
6 Conclusion 303
References 303
Natural Mode Solar Evacuated Tubes Desalination 305
1 Introduction 305
2 Methodology 306
3 Results and Discussions 308
4 Conclusions 310
References 311
Optimal Power Generation in Microgrid System Using Particle Swarm Optimization 312
1 Introduction 312
2 Problem Formulation 313
2.1 Cost Modelling 314
2.2 Objective Function 315
3 Particle Swarm Optimization 316
3.1 Implementation of PSO for Optimal Power Generation in Microgrid System 316
4 Result and Discussion 317
4.1 Effect of Number of Particles 318
4.2 Optimal Power Output and Comparison 318
5 Conclusion 319
References 319
Tensile Properties of Diffusion Bonded Duplex Stainless Steel to Low Carbon Steel 321
1 Introduction 321
2 Methodology 322
2.1 Equipment for Diffusion Bonding 322
2.2 Specimen Preparation for Diffusion Welding 323
3 Results and Discussion 325
4 Conclusion 326
References 326
Carbon Emissions Measurement Using Portable Emission Device in Coastal Fishing Boats 327
1 First Section 327
2 Methodology 330
2.1 Field Test Location and Boat Particulars 331
2.2 Engines and Fuels Data 332
2.3 Sampling Procedures 332
3 Results and Discussions 333
4 Summary 336
References 336
Friction Stir Welding on AA5083 Tee Joint in 1F Position 338
1 Introduction 339
2 Methodology 339
3 Results and Discussion 343
4 Conclusion 346
References 346
A Study of a Heat Exchanger Sizing of a Gas Turbine Inlet Air Cooling for Power Enhancement 348
1 Introduction 348
2 Methodology 350
3 Results and Conclusions 354
References 354
Techno-economic Assessment of Turbine Inlet Air Cooling for Small Scale Combined Cycle Power Plant in Malaysia Climate 356
1 Introduction 356
2 System Description 357
3 Methodology 358
4 Results and Discussions 359
5 Conclusions 361
References 361
Feasibility of a District Cooling System in Technical and Vocational Institutions 363
1 Introduction 363
2 Methodology 364
3 Case Study 366
4 Results and Discussions 367
5 Conclusion 369
References 369
Evaporation of River Water Using Pyramid Shape Solar Still 370
1 Introduction 370
2 Methodology 371
3 Conceptual Design 371
3.1 Working Prototype 371
4 Results and Discussions 372
5 Conclusions 376
References 376
Simulation of Flow Distribution Inside Small Cavity at Two Way Radio by CFD (Ansys Fluent) 377
1 Introduction 377
2 Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Model 379
2.1 Cavity Model 379
2.2 Mesh and Boundary Condition 379
3 Result and Discussion 380
3.1 Effect of Cavity Position 380
4 Conclusion 381
References 382
Influence of Partially Standing Waves on Offloading Operations for Shuttle Tanker 383
1 Introduction 383
2 Mathematical Modeling and Analysis 384
3 Results and Discussion 386
3.1 Partially Standing Waves: Moderate Waves 386
3.2 Partially Standing Waves: Extreme Waves 387
4 Conclusion 388
References 389
Effects of Motion Responses and Drift Forces on Side-by-Side Offloading Operations of FPSO 391
1 Introduction 391
2 Hydrodynamic Analysis and Geometric Modeling 392
3 Results and Discussions 393
4 Conclusion 396
References 396
Wave-in-Deck Force on Fixed Jacket Platforms by Silhoutte Method and Detailed Component Method 398
1 Introduction 398
2 Wave-in-Deck 399
2.1 Detailed Component Method 400
2.2 Silhouette Method 402
3 Data Collection 403
4 Pushover Analysis 404
4.1 Detailed Component Method 404
4.2 Silhouette Method 408
5 Conclusions 411
References 411
Crude Oil Fouling Mitigation by Products Thermal Management in Heat Exchangers 413
1 Introduction 414
2 Methodology 415
3 Results and Discussions 417
4 Conclusions 423
References 424