Lithium Intercalation in Bilayer Graphene Devices (eBook)

Supervisor’s Foreword 6
Abstract 8
Acknowledgements 10
Contents 12
Abbreviations and Symbols 14
1 Introduction 18
References 23
2 Electronic Properties 25
2.1 Single Layer Graphene 25
2.2 Bilayer Graphene 27
2.3 Fermi-Level Dependence of Electronic Properties 30
2.4 Electronic Properties at Finite Magnetic Field 33
2.5 Electronic Transport in the Absence of a Magnetic Field 34
2.6 Classical Magnetotransport 39
2.7 Quantum Magnetotransport 42
2.7.1 Shubnikov-De Haas Oscillations 44
2.7.2 Integer Quantum Hall Effect 47
2.7.3 Quantum Interferences 48
2.8 Raman Scattering 50
2.9 Summary 53
References 54
3 Electrochemical Device Setup and Fabrication 58
3.1 Electrochemical Lithiation of Graphitic Carbon 58
3.1.1 The LixC6 System 60
3.1.2 The Solid Electrolyte Interphase 62
3.2 Solid Polymer Electrolyte 63
3.2.1 Characterization of the Solid Polymer Electrolyte 64
3.2.2 Electrolyte Positioning 66
3.3 Bilayer Graphene Device Fabrication and Cell Assembly 68
3.4 Summary 72
References 72
4 Lithiation Studies 75
4.1 In situ Electronic Transport at Zero Magnetic Field 75
4.2 In situ Raman Spectroscopy 79
4.3 In situ Magnetotransport 84
4.4 Low-Temperature Magnetotransport 87
4.5 Summary 92
References 92
5 Conductivity Corrections from Quantum Interferences 94
5.1 Quantum Interferences in Graphene Single- and Bilayers 94
5.1.1 Quantum Interferences in Single Layer Graphene 96
5.1.2 Quantum Interferences in Bilayer Graphene 97
5.2 Weak Localization in Li-intercalated Bilayer Graphene 98
5.2.1 Dephasing 102
5.3 Summary 103
References 104
6 Intercalate Diffusion Pathways 106
6.1 Edge Decorations 106
6.2 Bilayer Graphene/Single Layer Graphene Junctions 112
6.3 Summary 114
References 114
7 Intercalate Diffusion Kinetics 115
7.1 Li Diffusion in Graphite 115
7.2 Measurement Setup for Intercalate Diffusion Studies 118
7.3 Numerical Solution to Fick's Second Law 120
7.4 Li Diffusion Kinetics in Bilayer Graphene 122
7.5 Summary 125
References 125
A Notes on the Tight-Binding Approach 127
References 128