Liquefaction

Due to its high energy density, liquid hydrogen is one of the best alternative fuels. As such, Liquefaction: Analysis and Assessment introduces hydrogen liquefaction techniques and provides an outlook concerning common methodology. Basic and conventional cycles used for hydrogen liquefaction are reviewed, and industrial in-service hydrogen liquefaction plants are discussed.The severe accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant demonstrated that the phenomena caused by an earthquake may actually cause more disastrous consequences than the vibratory ground motion itself, one of these phenomena being soil liquefaction. The authors propose that an analysis of the liquefaction hazards and consequences should be performed for the safety analysis of nuclear plants.Lastly, the authors address how uncertainties in the liquefied natural gas market are growing as new producers, including the United States and Australia, emerge. In an effort to tackle these market uncertainties, process optimization is an essential part of the liquefied natural gas project. In this instance, an exergy-based method is demonstrated and assessed for both thermodynamic and cost objectives.