Addressing the Challenges in Communicating Climate Change Across Various Audiences (eBook)

Preface 6
Contents 8
1 An Overview of the Challenges in Climate Change Communication Across Various Audiences 12
Abstract 12
1 Introduction 12
2 Challenges in Communicating Climate Change 14
3 Moving Forward 20
References 21
2 Climate Change Engagement: A Different Narrative 1
Abstract 1
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Building the Future 1
2 Calls for Public Engagement and Broad Partnerships Around Climate Change and Sustainability 1
2.1 What the Public Think—and Do—About Climate Change 1
2.2 And What People Think Other People Think About Social Problems 1
3 How Museums Can Create Public Value Around Climate Change 1
3.1 The Challenge of Climate Change Engagement 1
3.2 The Purpose of Climate Change Programming 1
3.3 Redefining Engagement 1
3.4 Elements of a New Story—A Set of ‘Shoulds’ for Museums and the Society They Serve 1
4 Considering Climate Change in Interpretation and Engagement—Some Examples 1
5 Conclusion 1
Acknowledgements 1
References 1
3 When Facts Lie: The Impact of Misleading Numbers in Climate Change News 40
Abstract 40
1 Introduction 40
2 Theoretical Framework 41
2.1 Misinformation and Its Effects 41
2.2 Misinformation in Climate Change Communication 42
2.3 Anchoring Effects 43
3 Methodology 45
3.1 Experimental Design 45
3.2 Research Procedure 45
3.3 Stimulus Material 46
3.4 Measurement 47
4 Results 47
5 Additional Analysis 50
6 Discussion 50
7 Limitations 52
8 Conclusion 53
Acknowledgements 53
References 53
4 From Awareness to Action: Taking into Consideration the Role of Emotions and Cognition for a Stage Toward a Better Communication of Climate Change 56
Abstract 56
1 Introduction 57
1.1 General Context 57
1.2 Previous Work 57
1.3 Scope and Contribution 57
1.4 Description of the Paper 58
2 Assessments of Climate Change Communication 58
2.1 Theory of Change and the Different Stages of Change 59
2.2 Taking into Account Emotion and Cognition for Taking Sustainable Action 61
2.2.1 Information Is not Enough to Make a Behavioural Change 61
2.2.2 Emotional States Faced to Climate Change Informations 62
3 Analyses of Some Classical Communication Advices in Order to Take Action Regarding Emotion and Cognitive Mechanisms 63
3.1 Making an Integrable Message: Choosing the Information Support 63
3.1.1 Be Consistent 63
3.1.2 Pick up Carefully Your Terminology 64
3.1.3 Talk to Both Rational and Emotional Brain 66
3.1.4 Propose Concrete and Feasible Actions 67
3.2 Making a Suitable Message: Knowing the Receiver 68
3.3 Providing a Meaningful Message: Promoting Both Positive and Realistic Vision 69
4 Conclusion and Perspective 70
4.1 Take Home Message 70
4.2 Future Prospects 70
References 71
5 Strengthening Personal Concern and the Willingness to Act Through Climate Change Communication 74
Abstract 74
1 Introduction 74
2 Concern About Climate Change and Its Impacts 76
3 Implementing Climate-Friendly Behaviour 77
4 Method 77
4.1 Previous Study 77
4.2 Mixed-Method Approach 77
5 Results—The Paralysed 79
5.1 Quantitative Analysis 79
5.2 Qualitative Analysis 79
6 Results—The Charitables 81
6.1 Quantitative Analysis 81
6.2 Qualitative Analysis 82
7 Implications for Climate Change Communication 84
7.1 Implications for Climate Change Communication with the Paralysed Group 84
7.2 Implications for Climate Change Communication with the Charitables Group 85
8 Discussion 85
9 Conclusion 86
Acknowledgements 87
References 87
6 Philippine Private Sector Engagement Beyond Climate Change Awareness 89
Abstract 89
1 Overview: Climate Change as a Development Issue 90
2 Addressing Climate Change in the Philippines 90
3 Research Focus: Private Sector Participation in Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation 92
4 Private Sector Engagement (PSE) in Addressing Climate Change Concerns 93
5 Private Sector Engagement (PSE) in the Philippines 94
6 The Messages in Doing Climate Change Solutions of Some Private Companies 100
7 Concluding Statement 106
References 106
PS Initiatives/Cases: 107
Climate Change Messages 108
7 Lessons Learned About the Hindering Factors for Regional Cooperation Towards the Mitigation of Climate Change 109
Abstract 109
1 Climate Change, Denial or Acknowledgment 109
2 Industrial Symbiosis as a Tool of Industrial Ecology to Assist Climate Change Mitigation 111
3 Challenges and Issues of Climate Change Mitigation as a Common Goal in the Black Sea Region 113
4 Regional Cooperation in the Black Sea Basin 114
5 Methodology of the Study 115
6 Results with Lessons to Take Home 117
7 Conclusion 120
References 121
8 Avoiding Dispatches from Hell: Communicating Extreme Events in a Persuasive, Proactive Context 123
Abstract 123
1 Introduction 123
2 Pictures of Hell: A Counterproductive Communication Strategy 125
3 What’s Better Than Hell: A More Positive Context 129
4 Communicating Extreme Events: How Do You Make a Disaster “Positive”? 131
5 Conclusions 133
Acknowledgements 133
References 134
9 Blogging Climate Change: A Case Study 136
Abstract 136
1 Introduction 136
2 Blogs as a New Medium of Climate Change Communication 137
3 Our Blog—Climate Footnotes 140
4 Our Experience with Blogging Climate Change 141
4.1 Translating Scientific Data into Simple Terms 142
4.2 Providing Perspectives on Current Events 143
4.3 Role of Language 143
4.4 Interactive Communication 144
4.5 Focussing on Topics Close to Home 145
4.6 Weblog Ethics 145
4.7 Readership and Promotion 146
5 Conclusions 147
Acknowledgements 148
References 148
10 Creative Collaborations: Museums Engaging with Communities and Climate Change 150
Abstract 150
1 Introduction 150
2 Cultural Dynamics of Climate Change 154
3 Recognising a Changing Pacific 156
4 Collaborating in Sydney 158
5 Conclusions 162
Acknowledgements 163
References 163
11 Climate ChangeS Cities—A Project to Enhance Students’ Evaluation and Action Competencies Concerning Climate Change Impacts on Cities 165
Abstract 165
1 Introduction 166
2 Climate Change Impacts and Climate Adaptation in German Cities 168
3 About the Project 169
3.1 Methodical-Didactical Approach 169
3.2 Example Module: Urban Mobility in Times of Climate Change 171
3.3 Rethinking Climate Change Communication 172
4 Accompanying Scientific Research 173
4.1 Combined Learning Spheres as Motivational Triggers? 173
4.2 Intervention-Based Efficacy Study on the Development of Action Competence 174
4.3 Behavior-Based Environmental Attitude 175
5 First Insights 176
6 Outlook 177
References 178
12 Degree Programs on Climate Change in Philippine Universities: Factors that Favor Institutionalization 181
Abstract 181
1 Introduction 181
2 Research Objectives 182
3 Methodology and Scope 183
4 Findings 185
4.1 The Philippine Universities 185
4.2 HEI Vision and Mission Statements 187
4.3 Degree Programs Related to Climate Change 189
4.4 Research and Extension Programs 193
4.5 HEI Support Facilities 195
4.6 Awards and Recognition 196
5 Conclusion 199
6 Way Forward 201
Acknowledgements 201
References 202
13 Climate Change Communication to Safeguard Cultural Heritage 204
Abstract 204
1 Introduction 205
2 Communication on Long Timescales: Risk Assessment 206
2.1 General Risk Assessment Concept 206
2.2 Tailored Climate Change and Extreme Event Information 208
3 Communication on Short Timescales: Resilient Communication During and After Extreme Events 213
4 Discussion 214
5 Conclusion and Outlook 214
Acknowledgements 215
References 215
14 Capacity Development to Support Planning and Decision Making for Climate Change Response in Kenya 218
Abstract 218
1 Introduction 219
1.1 Rationale 220
2 Capacity Development for Climate Change Response 221
3 Training Program Development Process 223
3.1 Curriculum Development 224
3.2 Facilitators Manual Development 225
3.3 Training of Facilitators (ToF) 225
4 Climate Change Training Program Description 226
4.1 Program Introduction 226
5 Training Program Rollout—Inaugural Training 227
5.1 Participant Selection 228
5.2 Facilitation Selection and Training Material Preparation 229
5.3 Training Sessions 230
5.4 Limitations 232
5.5 Lessons Learnt 232
5.6 Recommendations 233
6 Conclusions 233
Acknowledgements 234
References 234
15 Climate Change Litigation: A Powerful Strategy for Enhancing Climate Change Communication 236
Abstract 236
1 Introduction 236
2 Significant Climate Change Cases 238
2.1 Urgenda v. The Netherlands 239
2.2 Leghari v. Pakistan 240
2.3 Lliuya v. RWE 240
3 Telling Stories in CCL and Promoting the Visibility of Climate Change 241
4 Visualising and Understanding the Science of Climate Change Through CCL 244
5 Educating People and Stimulating Public Debate: Two Additional Positive Effects of CCL 246
6 Conclusion 248
Funding Acknowledgement 249
References 249
Court Decisions 251
16 Transnational and Postcolonial Perspectives on Communicating Climate Change Through Theater 252
Abstract 252
1 Introduction 253
2 Diagnosing the Ills of Climate Change Communication 255
3 Climate Change Theatre Action 2015, 2017, and Beyond 258
4 Conclusion 263
Works Cited 265
17 Climate Change Communication: A Friendly for Users App 267
Abstract 267
1 Introduction 268
1.1 Mobile Learning (m-Learning) 269
1.2 Climate Change Education (CCE) 270
1.3 Environmental Education (EE) and m-Learning 270
1.4 Climate Change Communication (CCC) 271
1.5 Climate Change Communication Using Mobile Applications 272
1.6 Raising Environmental Awareness Using Mobile Applications as Tools 273
2 The Case of “Climapp” 274
3 Conclusions 279
References 280
18 Linaria Port: An Interactive Tool for Climate Change Awareness in Greece 284
Abstract 284
1 Introduction 285
2 Ports and Climate Change 285
3 Methodology 287
4 Linaria Port—An Innovative Way to Communicate and Educate 288
4.1 The Guest Book of Linaria Port 288
4.2 Observatory of Sustainable Tourism 289
4.3 Marine Observatory 290
5 Environmental Kid’s Camp in Linaria Port 290
6 Discussions 293
7 Conclusions 294
References 294
19 Communicating Sustainability: Promoting a Self-assessment Tool for Eco-villages 299
Abstract 299
1 Introduction 300
2 Sustainability in Eco-villages 301
2.1 Environment 302
2.2 Social/Culture 302
2.3 Economy 303
3 Sustainability Assessment 303
3.1 Available Tools 305
3.1.1 Self-audit for Eco-villages and Communities 305
3.1.2 Three-Tier Sustainability Indicator Model 305
3.1.3 Community Sustainability Assessment Tool 306
3.1.4 Eco-village Sustainability Self Evaluation Test 306
3.1.5 Wheel of Sustainability 307
3.1.6 Direction Indicator for Sustainable Communities (DISC) 308
4 Methodology 309
4.1 Analysis of Current Tools 309
4.2 Synthesis Approach for a New Tool 310
5 Limitations 310
6 Conclusion 312
Appendix 313
References 314
20 Climate Change Education Through DST in the Age Group “10–13” in Greece 318
Abstract 318
1 Introduction 319
2 Background—Literature Review 320
2.1 Climate Change—Communication 321
2.2 Storytelling 322
2.3 DST 322
2.4 Pixton (Comic Authoring Tool) 322
3 Methodology 324
3.1 Approach—Methods—Research Performed 324
4 Sample 325
5 Questionnaires 327
6 Learning Tool (Pixton) and Activities 327
7 Results 329
8 Discussion 331
9 Conclusion 335
Acknowledgements 335
References 335
21 Klima|Anlage—Performing Climate Data 339
Abstract 339
1 Introduction 340
2 Auditory Display of Climate Phenomena 341
2.1 Displaying Data via Sound 341
2.2 Climate Related Media Projects 342
3 The Klima|Anlage 343
3.1 Climate Model Data 343
3.2 Selecting the Data Ranges for the Klima|Anlage 345
3.3 Generating the Sound 347
4 Exhibitions 351
5 Discussion and Outlook 351
Acknowledgements 352
References 353
22 Media Based Education and Motivation Through Phrasing: Can They Affect Climate Change Willingness? 356
Abstract 356
1 Introduction 357
1.1 Climate Change Communication 357
1.2 Media-Based Education and Behavior Change 358
1.3 Compliance with Assertive Language 359
2 Methodology 360
3 Results 362
3.1 Correlation Between TPEB/TPVPEB/Tenvatt 366
3.2 Paired Samples t-Test 366
3.3 Paired-Sample t-Test 368
3.4 Independent-Sample t-Test Between Males and Females Concerning Their Willingness for Active Participation in Environmental Decision Making 368
3.5 Independent-Sample t-Test Between People that Grew up in Rural Versus Urban Areas 368
3.6 Gender and Choice 369
4 Discussion 369
5 Conclusion 371
6 Limitations 371
References 371
23 The “Paris Lifestyle”—Bridging the Gap Between Science and Communication by Analysing and Quantifying the Role of Target Groups for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: An Interdisciplinary Approach 374
Abstract 374
1 Introduction 375
2 Development of Impact-Based Lifestyle Identification Approach 377
2.1 Limitations of Attitude-Based Models 377
2.2 Methodology and Added Value of an Impact-Based Model 378
2.3 Energy Demand Versus Greenhouse Gas Emissions 379
3 Research Methods, Data, and Analysis Strategy 379
3.1 Dataset Used 379
3.1.1 Sociodemographics and Attitudinal Variables 380
3.2 Model Development 380
3.2.1 Choice of Clustering Method and Model 381
4 Characterisation of 6 Lifestyle Groups 381
4.1 Lifestyle 1: “Mobile Performers” (14.5%) 384
4.2 Lifestyle 2: “Uncommitted” (9.4%) 387
4.3 Lifestyle 3: “Settled” (13.4%) 388
4.4 Lifestyle 4: “Educated Cosmopolitans” (13.4%) 389
4.5 Lifestyle 5: “Economically Restricted” (29.5%) 390
4.6 Lifestyle 6: “Underprivileged” (19.8%) 390
5 The Way to a “Paris Lifestyle” 392
5.1 “Paris Lifestyle” Is not (yet) a Zero-Carbon Lifestyle 394
6 Discussion 394
7 Conclusion 394
Acknowledgements 395
References 395
Online Sources 396
24 Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation in Infrastructure Planning—Lessons Learned from Knowledge Transfer and Communication 397
Abstract 397
1 Introduction 398
2 Background 399
3 Methodological Approach 401
3.1 Research Design 401
3.2 Finding Thematic Entry Points—Content Analysis of EIA Practice 403
3.3 Identifying Barriers and Entry Points—Interviews with EIA Actors 404
3.4 Engagement in the Development of Support Tools—Stakeholder Workshops 405
3.5 Limitations 405
4 Results 406
4.1 Inform 406
4.2 Consult 406
4.3 Engage 408
5 Discussion and Outlook 409
6 Conclusion 411
References 412
25 A Mobile-Guided Smart-Safari on an Extracurricular Location 415
Abstract 415
1 Introduction 416
1.1 Geobotany and Scientific Discovery as a Link Between the School Subjects Geography and Biology 416
2 Guided Discovery with Digital Media 419
2.1 Designing the Learning Program: Challenges, Methods and Principles 420
3 Evaluation Methods 420
4 Mixed-Methods Design 422
5 Results 422
6 Utility: Challenges of the Botanical Garden 424
7 Future Prospects and Conclusion 424
References 425
26 Creating Change in the United States’ Museum Field: Using Summits, Standards, and Hashtags to Advance Environmental Sustainability and Climate Change Response 427
Abstract 427
1 Introduction 428
2 Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions 429
3 The Standards Discussion 430
4 Creating Characteristics of Excellence 432
5 How Can We Create and Accelerate a Movement? 433
6 A Mantra 434
7 Hashtags, in the Absence of Standards 435
8 Conclusions 438
Acknowledgements 438
References 438
27 The Possible Museum: Anticipating Future Scenarios 440
Abstract 440
1 The Possible Museum Depends on the Possibility of a Liveable Planet 441
2 An Underlying Hypothesis 441
3 Museums Consist of Meshes of Imagination and Experience 442
4 The Possible Museum Will Be Generated from What Is Latent Now 443
5 A Possible Pivot to Ecological Thinking About History 444
6 Climate Change, Predatory Delay and the Truth 445
7 Thinking About the Radically Uncertain Future 446
8 Museums Imagining Their Futures: Breaking Out of Thinking Habits 447
9 Scenario Planning as Management Technique 448
10 A Note on Climate Change as a Driver for Change 450
11 Results: How Are Museums Doing Anticipatory Work Now? 451
12 Conclusions: An Emerging Possibility of More Possible Museums 452
References 453
28 The Views of Citizens on the Issue of Participation in Confronting Climate Change: The Case of Greece 454
Abstract 454
1 Introduction 455
2 Review of Literature 456
3 Methodology 459
3.1 Research Area 459
3.2 The Questionnaire of the Research—Sample of the Research 460
3.3 Statistical Evaluation of Data 462
4 Results 463
4.1 Trust of Citizens Towards the Bodies Involved with Confronting Climate Change (Q1) 463
4.2 Activities Citizens are Prepared to Engage in for Combating Climate Change (Q2) 465
4.3 Means of Communication Which Citizens Use in Order to Obtain Information on Climate Change (Q3) 466
4.4 Factors Which Influence the Participation of Citizens in Activities on Climate Change 468
4.5 Cluster of Citizens and Characteristics of Each Cluster 469
5 Discussion 471
6 Conclusions 473
References 474
29 Treasuring Evaporation: The Radical Challenge of a Museum of Water 478
Abstract 478
1 Introduction 479
2 “It’s Public Commons!” 479
3 Mosaic of the Universe 480
4 Beginnings 481
5 Specific and Particular 482
6 Tool for Survival 483
7 Privilege 484
8 Careful Listening 485
9 Australia 486
10 A Museum of Whaaat? The Radical Challenge of Water 487
11 Museum of Evanescence 490
12 The Water Bar 490
13 Conclusion 491
Post Script 493
References 494
30 Effectiveness of Communication Strategies in Confronting Climate Change: The Views of the Citizens of Greece 495
Abstract 495
1 Introduction 496
2 Review of Literature 497
3 Methodology 499
3.1 Research Area 499
3.2 Questionnaire and Research Sample 500
3.3 Calculation of Sample Size 501
4 Results 502
4.1 Socio-demographic Features of the Sample 502
4.2 Citizen Satisfaction from the Concerned Parties and the Activities of Government Agencies in Confronting Climate Change 502
4.3 Citizen Satisfaction from the Activities of Governmental Bodies 503
4.4 Satisfaction Factors Through the Activities of Concerned Parties 504
4.5 Clustering of Citizens Through Common Features 506
5 Discussion 507
6 Conclusions 509
References 509
31 Climate Hack: Rapid Prototyping New Displays in Multi-disciplinary Museums 513
Abstract 513
1 Introduction 513
2 An Introduction to the Climate Hack 516
3 Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology 518
4 Museum of Zoology 519
5 Whipple Museum of the History of Science 521
6 Polar Museum 522
7 Evaluation 523
8 Conclusion 524
References 526
32 Planning a Life Cycle Analysis Library and Beta Tool for Sustainable Cultural Heritage Preservation and Exhibition Practices 527
Abstract 527
1 Introduction 528
2 Sustainability in Collection Care 529
3 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) 530
3.1 Development and Implementation 530
3.2 Standards 530
3.3 Components 531
3.4 Categories of Environmental Impact 532
4 Research Process 532
4.1 Cultural Heritage LCA Tool for Sustainable Practices 533
4.1.1 Developing the Beta Tool 533
4.1.2 LCA Beta Tool Categories 534
4.1.3 LCA Beta Tool Use 534
4.2 LCA Library: Three Representative Case Studies 535
5 Discussion 537
6 Conclusions 538
References 538
33 Moving Forward in Climate Change Communication: Recommendations for Rethinking Strategies and Frames 540
Abstract 540
1 Introduction 541
2 Methodology 542
2.1 Empirical Study 1: Online Survey with CC Communicators 543
2.2 Empirical Study 2: Meta-analysis of status quo in Expert Interviews and Synthesis of Results 543
3 Results: Status quo of CCC Taking the Example of Austria 544
3.1 CC Communicators 544
3.2 Target Groups 545
3.3 Targets of Communicators 545
3.4 Climate Topics 546
3.5 CCC Formats 548
4 Results: Challenges in CCC 549
4.1 C1: Neglected Target Audiences 549
4.2 C2: Neglected Climate Topics 550
4.3 C3: Challenges in Messaging 551
4.4 C4: Dealing with Uncertainty 551
5 Discussion and Derivation of Recommendations for Future CCC Activities 552
5.1 Carry Out Trainings on CCC (R1) 553
5.2 Institutionalise CCC (R2) 553
5.3 Foster Networking and Exchange of Experience (R3) 554
5.4 Break Down Complex Information for Relevant Target Groups and Sectors (R4) 554
5.5 Address Target Groups with Leverage Effect (R5) 555
5.6 Build Dialogues and Involve Stakeholders Actively (R6) 555
5.7 Bridge the Awareness-Action Gap with Impactful Climate Action (R7) 556
5.8 Build Connections to Every-Day Life (R8) 556
5.9 Highlight Knowledge with High Certainty (R9) 557
6 Conclusions and Outlook 557
Acknowledgements 558
References 558
34 A Quest for Green: An Analysis of Environmental and Other Appeals in Pakistani Ads 560
Abstract 560
1 Introduction 561
1.1 Climate Change Communication 561
1.2 Climate Change Communication and Advertising 561
1.3 Green Appeal 562
1.4 Pakistan and Climate Change Communication 562
2 Rational 562
3 Research Questions 563
4 Review of Literature 563
4.1 Research Methodology 564
4.1.1 Universe 565
4.1.2 Sample 565
4.1.3 Unit of Analysis 565
4.2 Operationalization of Variables 565
4.2.1 Levels of Green Appeal 565
4.2.2 Frequency of Green Appeal 566
4.2.3 Non-Green Appeal 566
5 Results 566
5.1 Analysis of Ads of Housing Schemes 567
5.2 Analysis of Ads of Automobiles 572
6 Discussion 575
7 Future Prospects 576
8 Limitations 577
9 Conclusion 577
References 578
35 Environmental Entrepreneurship: Adapting Our Museums for a Greener Future 580
Abstract 580
1 Suitable Workspace 582
2 Green Technology and Material Selection 583
3 Energy Consumption and Management Practices 586
4 Communicating Environmentalism 588
5 Conclusions 590
References 592
36 Communicating Climate Change: Reactions to Adapt and Survive Exhibition and Visitors’ Thoughts About Climate Change in the Pacific Islands Region 594
Abstract 594
1 Introduction 595
2 Background to the Research and Research Methods 596
3 The Exhibition 599
4 Image-Making and Animation 601
5 Audience/Exhibition Viewers’ Perceptions 601
6 Limitations of the Research 606
7 Conclusions 607
References 609
37 Disaster Risk Reduction Begins at School: Research in Bangladesh Highlights Education as a Key Success Factor for Building Disaster Ready and Resilient Communities—A Manifesto for Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Education 611
Abstract 611
1 Introduction: Education Is the Sine Qua Non for Human Flourishing 612
2 Bangladesh and Education: Research Rationale and Intended Contribution 615
2.1 Windstorms 616
2.2 Flooding 617
2.3 Erosion 617
3 Research Design and Methodology 618
3.1 World Vision Research Study: Heightening Community Level Disaster Preparedness 619
3.2 Doctoral Case Study Research into Rural-Urban Human Migration 619
3.3 Doctoral Case Study Research into Coastal Zone Management 620
4 Results and Key Research Findings 621
4.1 A Significant Proportion of Bangladeshis Has Had Limited Access to Education 621
4.2 Qualitative Results Revealed a Significant Interest in Disaster Risk Education 626
5 Discussion: Causes and Consequences of Non-education 627
5.1 Impediments to Education 629
5.2 Consequences of Non-education 631
5.3 Towards Synthesis: Education Raises Options for Disaster Preparedness 632
6 Conclusion: Promoting a Culture of Disaster Readiness in Children 633
7 Research Limitations and Opportunities for Further Research 633
8 Epilogue: Dignity Through Inclusivity and ‘Bi-Directional Learning’ 634
Acknowledgements 635
References 635
38 Stirring up Trouble: Museums as Provocateurs and Change Agents in Polycentric Alliances for Climate Change Action 641
Abstract 641
1 Introduction 641
2 Hot Science, Global Citizens: The Agencies of the Museum Sector in Climate Change Interventions 643
3 Roles and Agencies in Polycentric Governance 646
3.1 Places that Communicate the Up-to-Date Science of Climate Change 646
3.2 Places to Present a Range of Views on Climate Change Issues Including Those of Scientists, Government, Economists, Industry Leaders and Diverse Communities 652
3.3 Places that Take a Critical Stance on Climate Change Policy and Decisions 652
3.4 Places that Lobby on Climate Change Matters 653
3.5 Places that Provide a Forum for Debate and Discussion for Individuals, Communities, Organisations Locally and Globally to Express Their Views on Climate Change 654
3.6 Places that Act as Part of Networks for Individuals, Communities and Organisations with an Interest in Climate Change 654
3.7 Places that Provide Access to a Range of Resources on Climate Change 655
3.8 Places to Critically Examine Climate Change as a Cultural, Political, Technological, Economic and Scientific Issue 656
3.9 Places to Promote Collective Action in Climate Change Debates and Decisions 656
3.10 Places that Promote Climate Change Action by Providing Information on How Individuals Might Change Their Lifestyles and Consumer Choices 658
3.11 Places that Promote Climate Change Action by Providing Information on How Individuals Might Change Their Lifestyles and Consumer Choices 659
3.12 Places that Lead Opinion on Ways to Reduce Emissions and Shape Future Lifestyle Choices 659
3.13 Instituting Ecologizing Experimentations: A New Role for Museums 660
4 Conclusions 664
Acknowledgements 666
References 666
470337_1_En_2_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf 1
2 Climate Change Engagement: A Different Narrative 23
Abstract 23
1 Introduction 23
1.1 Building the Future 24
2 Calls for Public Engagement and Broad Partnerships Around Climate Change and Sustainability 26
2.1 What the Public Think—and Do—About Climate Change 28
2.2 And What People Think Other People Think About Social Problems 29
3 How Museums Can Create Public Value Around Climate Change 30
3.1 The Challenge of Climate Change Engagement 32
3.2 The Purpose of Climate Change Programming 33
3.3 Redefining Engagement 33
3.4 Elements of a New Story—A Set of ‘Shoulds’ for Museums and the Society They Serve 34
4 Considering Climate Change in Interpretation and Engagement—Some Examples 35
5 Conclusion 37
Acknowledgements 38
References 38