Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 2018 (eBook)

Preface 6
Supporters and Organizers 8
Funding Authority 8
Supporting Organisations 8
Organisers 8
Steering Committee 8
Conference Chair 9
Contents 10
Smart Sensors 13
All-Weather Vision for Automotive Safety: Which Spectral Band? 14
Abstract 14
1 Introduction 15
2 Sensors 15
3 Field Tests 16
3.1 Outdoor Test Campaign 16
3.2 Tunnel Test Campaign 17
4 Field Tests 18
4.1 Pedestrian Detection 18
4.2 Vehicle Detection and Recognition 20
4.3 Road Marking Detection 23
4.4 Traffic Signs Recognition 24
5 Conclusion 25
Acknowledgement 26
1 26
References 26
Machine Learning Based Automatic Extrinsic Calibration of an Onboard Monocular Camera for Driving Assistance Applications on Smart Mobile Devices 27
Abstract 27
1 Introduction 27
2 Vehicle Detection Using Convolutional Neuronal Networks 29
3 Camera Calibration 30
3.1 Extended Kalman Filter for Camera Height and Pitch Estimation 31
3.2 Extracting Measurements Data for Camera Calibration 33
3.3 Estimation of the Yaw Angle 35
3.4 Estimation of the Roll Angle 36
4 Results and Discussion 37
5 Conclusion and Future Work 38
Acknowledgment 38
References 38
Driver Assistance and Vehicle Automation 40
Towards Collaborative Perception for Automated Vehicles in Heterogeneous Traffic 41
Abstract 41
1 Background 41
2 Introduction to TransAID 42
3 Collective Sensor Data Processing Architectures 44
3.1 Vehicle-Based Sensor Processing Architecture 44
3.2 Road Side Unit with Sensors 45
4 Vehicular Communication 46
5 Selected Use Cases with Potential Benefits of V2X 48
6 Demonstration Setup 49
7 Conclusion 50
Acknowledgement 51
References 51
Real Time Recognition of Non-driving Related Tasks in the Context of Highly Automated Driving 53
Abstract 53
1 Introduction 53
1.1 Background 53
1.2 State of the Art 54
2 Classification of NDR-Tasks 54
2.1 Approach 55
2.2 System Overview 56
2.3 Determine Driver’s Glance Area 57
2.4 Driver Is Speaking Detection 57
2.5 Determine Driver’s Hand Position 58
2.6 Hidden Markov Models for NDR-Task Classification 58
3 Results 60
4 Conclusion 63
Acknowledgment 63
References 63
Affordable and Safe High Performance Vehicle Computers with Ultra-Fast On-Board Ethernet for Automated Driving 66
Abstract 66
1 Introduction 66
2 State of the Art 68
2.1 Computation - Thermal Domain 68
2.2 Communication - Electrical Domain 69
2.3 Integration - Mechanical Domain 70
3 Architectural and Design Solutions 71
3.1 Computation - Thermal Domain 71
3.2 Communication - Electrical Domain 73
3.3 Integration - Mechanical Domain 74
4 Automotive HPVC and Communication Platform 76
Acknowledgement 77
References 77
The Disrupters: The First to Market Automation Technologies to Revolutionize Mobility 79
Abstract 79
1 Background 79
2 The First to Market Disruptive Service for Private Road Transport 82
3 The First to Market Disruptive Service for Shared and Public Transport 82
4 Which is Preferable and Which Will Win 83
References 84
TrustVehicle – Improved Trustworthiness and Weather-Independence of Conditionally Automated Vehicles in Mixed Traffic Scenarios 85
Abstract 85
1 Introduction 86
2 Ambition 86
2.1 Requirements Regarding User Acceptance and Safety 87
2.2 Objectives 87
3 Methodology 89
3.1 Overall Approach 90
3.2 Main Aims 91
3.2.1 Identification of Critical Transition Scenarios 91
3.2.2 Comprehensive Real-Time Simulation and Validation Framework 91
3.2.3 Intuitive, Safe Human-Machine Interface and Control 92
3.2.4 Adaptive Vehicle Assessment 92
3.2.5 Implementation and Vehicle Demonstration 92
4 Current Status 93
4.1 Traffic Injury Analysis 93
4.2 User Expectations 94
4.3 Critical Driving Scenarios for the TrustVehicle Use Cases 94
4.4 Co-simulation and Modular Use Case Architecture 97
4.5 HMI 98
5 Summary 98
References 99
Adaptation Layer Based Hybrid Communication Architecture: Practical Approach in ADAS& ME
Abstract 100
1 Introduction 100
2 ADAS& ME Hybrid Communication
2.1 The Project 101
2.2 ADAS& ME Communication Technologies
2.3 ADAS& ME Communication Requirements
3 Adaptation Layer Approach in ADAS& ME
3.1 ADAS& ME Communication Architecture
3.2 Implementation 104
3.3 Adaptation Functions 104
4 Conclusions 105
References 106
Assistance and Mitigation Strategies in Case of Impaired Motorcycle Riders: The ADAS& ME Case Study
Abstract 107
1 Introduction 107
2 The ADAS& ME Case Study
2.1 Overview 108
2.2 Use Cases Definition 108
3 Rider Monitoring and Adaptive HMI Strategies 109
3.1 Rider State Monitoring 109
3.2 Design Process for Assistance and Mitigation Strategies 112
3.3 Active Functions to Support Rider Assistance and Vehicle Control 114
3.4 Implementation of the Adaptive HMI for Rider Monitoring 114
4 Conclusions 116
Acknowledgements 116
References 116
Data, Clouds and Machine Learning 118
Towards a Privacy-Preserving Way of Vehicle Data Sharing – A Case for Blockchain Technology? 119
Abstract 119
1 Introduction and Scope 119
1.1 Introduction and Motivation 119
1.2 Contributions and Structure 120
2 Related Work and Background 121
2.1 Blockchain Technology (in Automotive) 121
2.2 Connected Vehicles and Data Exploitation 122
3 Towards Privacy-Preserving Vehicle Data Sharing 123
3.1 A Vehicle Data Sharing Ecosystem 123
3.2 The Privacy Challenge for Data Sharing 125
3.3 A Concept for a Blockchain-Based Open Vehicle Data Platform 126
4 Conclusion, Discussion and Outlook 128
Acknowledgment 129
References 129
Challenges and Opportunities of Artificial Intelligence for Automated Driving 131
Abstract 131
1 State of the Art 131
1.1 AI Methods for Automated Driving 132
1.2 AI Hardware 133
2 Opportunities 135
3 Challenges 136
3.1 Data Availability 137
3.2 Training and Validation 138
3.3 Traceability of AI-Based Decision-Making 138
4 International Competitiveness 139
5 Outlook 140
5.1 Alternative Methods 141
5.2 New Hardware Development 141
6 Conclusion 142
Acknowledgements 143
References 143
Electric Vehicles 144
Light Electric Vehicle Design Tailored to Human Needs 145
Abstract 145
1 Introduction 146
2 SilverStream Users Testing Framework 147
2.1 Intelligent Control System with Gesture Recognition 149
2.1.1 Single Component Users Testing: The HMI Study 149
2.1.2 Improvements After the First Experimental Phase 150
2.1.3 Validation in Realistic Environment with End-Users 150
2.2 e-Seat: Design, Ergonomics and In/Egress 151
2.2.1 Single Component Users Testing: The e-Seat Study 152
2.2.2 Improvements After the First Experimental Phase 154
2.2.3 Validation in Realistic Environment with End-Users 154
2.3 Rear e-Lift and Crane 155
2.3.1 First Year Experimental Study: The Rear e-Lift & Crane Study
2.3.2 Improvements After the First Experimental Phase 156
2.3.3 Validation in Realistic Environment with End-Users 156
3 Conclusion 157
Acknowledgments 157
References 158
DCCS-ECU an Innovative Control and Energy Management Module for EV and HEV Applications 159
Abstract 159
1 Introduction 159
2 Introduction 160
3 DCCS-ECU Structure 161
3.1 Control MCU Unit 161
3.2 Power Supply 162
3.3 Communication 162
3.4 Other Features 163
4 Functions in Target System 163
5 Summary and Conclusions 164
References 167
Connectivity Design Considerations for a Dedicated Shared Mobility Vehicle 168
Abstract 168
1 What Is Connectivity? 168
2 SVEN—A Public Personal Vehicle 169
3 Connectivity Demands on a Car Dedicated to Sharing 171
4 Connectivity - Technical Aspects 172
5 Challenges 173
6 The Concept Approach 174
7 Conclusion 177
References 178
Innovation Strategy 179
Trends and Challenges of the New Mobility Society 180
Abstract 180
1 Electrification 180
1.1 Market Development of xEVs and Growth Drivers 180
1.2 Challenges 180
1.2.1 Shortage of Battery Supply 181
1.2.2 Charging Time 182
1.2.3 Energy Infrastructure 182
1.3 Conclusion 184
2 Autonomous Driving and Shared Mobility 184
2.1 Who Wants Self-driving Cars? 184
2.2 What Do You Do Inside an Autonomous Vehicle? 184
2.3 How Powerful Will Shared Mobility Services Be? 185
2.4 Chapter: Conclusion 186
3 Conclusion 186
4 Overview of the Survey Methodology 186
References 187
Roadmap for Accelerated Innovation in Level 4/5 Connected and Automated Driving 188
Abstract 188
1 Introduction 188
2 Future Vision on CAD 189
3 State of the Art 190
4 Comprehensive Roadmap Approach 191
5 Use Case Specific Roadmaps 192
6 Conclusions and Outlook 198
Acknowledgements 198
References 198
Author Index 200