Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications

Chunlei Guo is a Professor in The Institute of Optics and Physics at the University of Rochester. Before joining the Rochester faculty in 2001, he earned a PhD in Physics from the University of Connecticut and did his postdoctoral training at Los Alamos National Laboratory. His research is in studying femtosecond laser interactions with matter, spanning from atoms and molecules to solid materials. His research at University of Rochester has led to the discoveries of a range of highly functionalized materials through femtosecond laser processing, including the so-called black and colored metals and superhydrophillic and superhydrophobic surfaces. These innovations may find a broad range of applications, and have also been extensively featured by the media, including multiple New York Times articles. Lately, he devoted a significant amount of efforts to developing technologies for global sanitation by working with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Through this mission, he visited Africa multiple times to understand humanitarian issues. To further expand global collaboration under the Gates project, he helped establish an international laboratory at Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics in China. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, Optical Society of America, and International Academy of Photonics & Laser Engineering. He has authored about 300 referred journal articles. Subhash C. Singh is a scientist at the Institute of Optics, University of Rochester and an Associate Professor at Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics. Dr. Singh earned a Ph.D. in Physics from University of Allahabad, India in 2009. Prior to working with the Guo Lab, he was IRCSETEMPOWER Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Dublin City University, Ireland for 2 years and a DST-SERB Young Scientist at University of Allahabad for 3 years. He has more than 10 years of research experience in the fields of laser-matter interaction, plasma, nanomaterial processing, spectroscopy, energy applications, plasmonics, and photonics. He has published more than 100 research articles in reputable refereed journals and conference proceedings. His past editor experience includes serving as the main editor for Wiley-VCH book Nanomaterials; Processing and Characterization with Lasers and guest editor for special issues of a number of journals.

Contents

Preface........................................................................................................................................................................................... vii

Editors..............................................................................................................................................................................................ix

Contributors.....................................................................................................................................................................................xi

1. Laser Material Processing: Section Introduction................................................................................................................1

Subhash C. Singh and Chunlei Guo

2. Laser Welding..........................................................................................................................................................................3

M. Sparkes and W.M. Steen

3. High-Power Laser Cutting................................................................................................................................................... 17

John Powell and Dirk Petring

4. Laser Marking.......................................................................................................................................................................35

Terry J. McKee

5. Laser Micromachining.........................................................................................................................................................47

Beat Neuenschwander

6. Rapid Manufacturing...........................................................................................................................................................71

Gary K. Lewis

7. Laser Printing........................................................................................................................................................................81

Zacharias Vangelatos and Costas P. Grigoropoulos

8. 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing..........................................................................................................................89

V. Melissinaki and M. Farsari

9. Photolithography.................................................................................................................................................................105

Shinji Okazaki

10. Pulsed Laser Deposition of Thin Films............................................................................................................................. 111

Binod Subedi, Venkata S. Puli, Ian W. Boyd, and Douglas B. Chrisey

11. Surface Micro- and Nano-structuring on Metals with Femtosecond Lasers................................................................125

Jianjun Yang and Chunlei Guo

12. Laser Ablation in Liquids for Nanoparticle Generation and Modification..................................................................137

Subhash C. Singh and Chunlei Guo

13. Laser-Induced Forward Transfer..................................................................................................................................... 149

Alexandra Palla Papavlu and Thomas Lippert

14. Laser Pyrolysis.................................................................................................................................................................... 161

Mohammad Malekzadeh, Parham Rohani, and Mark T. Swihart

15. Laser Spectroscopy: Section Introduction........................................................................................................................ 169

Subhash C. Singh, Pavel Redkin, and Chunlei Guo

16. Laser Raman Spectroscopy: Fundamentals to Applications.......................................................................................... 171

Siva Umapathy Deepak Ranjan Nayak, Khokan Roy, and Sanchita Sil

17. Laser Scattering Spectroscopy: Rayleigh Scattering and Dynamic Light Scattering.................................................197

Haruhisa Kato

18. Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy.........................................................................................................................207

Parviz Parvin and Seyedeh Zahra Mortazavi

19. Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) for the Detection of Microbes................................................................................. 219

Frank Duschek, Lea Fellner, and Karin Grünewald

20. Harmonic Generation—Materials and Methods.............................................................................................................233

David J Binks

21. Non-linear Optical Properties of Novel Nanomaterials..................................................................................................255

Soma Venugopal Rao, K. Naga Krishnakanth, C. Indumathi, and T.C. Sabari Girisun

22. Lasers in Imaging: Section Introduction..........................................................................................................................289

Pavel Redkin, Subhash C. Singh, and Chunlei Guo

23. Lasers in Microscopy..........................................................................................................................................................291

24. Laser-based Coherent Diffractive Imaging......................................................................................................................299

Garth J. Williams

25. High-Speed Imaging...........................................................................................................................................................307

Adam Whybrew

26. Ultrafast Optical Imaging.................................................................................................................................................. 315

Jinyang Liang and Lihong V. Wang

27. Transient Absorption Microscopy Measurements of Single Nanostructures...............................................................329

Gary Beane, Tuphan Devkota, Brendan S. Brown, and Gregory V. Hartland

Index.............................................................................................................................................................................................339