Gasification of Waste Materials (eBook)

Gasification of Waste Materials: Technologies for Generating Energy, Gas and Chemicals from MSW, Biomass, Non-recycled Plastics, Sludges and Wet Solid Wastes explores the most recent gasification technologies developing worldwide to convert waste solids to energy and synthesis gas and chemical products. The authors examine the thermodynamic aspects, accepted reaction mechanisms and kinetic constraints of using municipal solid waste (MSW), biomass, non-recycled plastics (NRP), sludges and wet solid wastes as feedstock. They identify the distinctions between pyrolysis, gasification, plasma, hydrothermal gasification, and supercritical systems.

A comprehensive summary of laboratory and demonstration activities is presented, as well as field scale systems that have been in operation using solid waste streams as input, highlighting their areas of disconnect and alignment. The book also provides a summary of information on emissions from the stack, comparing them with other thermal conversion systems using similar feedstock. It then goes on to assess the areas that must be improved to ensure gasification systems become as successful as combustion systems operating on waste streams, ranging from feedstock processing to gasifier output gas clean-up, downstream system requirements and corrosion.

The economics and future projections for waste gasification systems are also discussed. For its consolidation of the current technical knowledge, this text is recommended for engineering researchers, graduate students, industry professionals, municipal engineers and decision makers when planning, designing and deploying waste to energy projects, especially those using MSW as feedstock.

• Provides field demonstrations of large scale systems, their results and the challenges that need to be overcome when developing commercial applications and possible solutions
• Presents the most recent technologies in lab and demonstration scale
• Examines the critical development needs and real life challenges for the deployment of waste to energy technologies
• Provides information on the economics and sustainability of these technologies, as well as their future perspectives

Dr. Simona Ciuta was born in Bucharest, Romania. She received her B.S. in Environmental Engineering from Politehnica University of Bucharest. Dr. Ciuta developed her bachelor's thesis at the University of Trento, Italy after being awarded an Erasmus Scholarship. She obtained a Masters Degree in Environmental Management and a Ph.D. in Power Engineering from Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania. During her Ph.D. she was invited at University of Trento, Italy for research stages to further develop her thesis.
Currently, Dr. Ciuta works as a Post-Doctoral Research Associate for the Combustion and Catalysis Laboratory in the Department of Chemical Engineering at City College of New York (CCNY). Prior to CCNY, she was an Assistant Professor in the Power Engineering Department at Politehnica University of Bucharest. She worked as Research Assistant on several European Union funded projects during her Ph.D, in particular in the field of biomass conversion into energy, waste characterization and advanced thermal processes.
Dr. Ciuta`s research focuses on waste materials conversion into energy, waste management, thermal processes such as gasification and pyrolysis. She published 12 journal papers, 2 book chapters, and approximately 30 conference proceedings papers in the field. Dr. Ciuta developed a one of a kind intra-particle gas sampling technique that provides significant insight into fundamental reaction sequences happening during thermal decomposition of waste materials.

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Gasification of Waste Materials: Technologies for Generating Energy, Gas and Chemicals from MSW, Biomass, Non-recycled Plastics, Sludges and Wet Solid Wastes explores the most recent gasification technologies developing worldwide to convert waste solids to energy and synthesis gas and chemical products. The authors examine the thermodynamic aspects, accepted reaction mechanisms and kinetic constraints of using municipal solid waste (MSW), biomass, non-recycled plastics (NRP), sludges and wet solid wastes as feedstock. They identify the distinctions between pyrolysis, gasification, plasma, hydrothermal gasification, and supercritical systems. A comprehensive summary of laboratory and demonstration activities is presented, as well as field scale systems that have been in operation using solid waste streams as input, highlighting their areas of disconnect and alignment. The book also provides a summary of information on emissions from the stack, comparing them with other thermal conversion systems using similar feedstock. It then goes on to assess the areas that must be improved to ensure gasification systems become as successful as combustion systems operating on waste streams, ranging from feedstock processing to gasifier output gas clean-up, downstream system requirements and corrosion. The economics and future projections for waste gasification systems are also discussed. For its consolidation of the current technical knowledge, this text is recommended for engineering researchers, graduate students, industry professionals, municipal engineers and decision makers when planning, designing and deploying waste to energy projects, especially those using MSW as feedstock. Provides field demonstrations of large scale systems, their results and the challenges that need to be overcome when developing commercial applications and possible solutions Presents the most recent technologies in lab and demonstration scale Examines the critical development needs and real life challenges for the deployment of waste to energy technologies Provides information on the economics and sustainability of these technologies, as well as their future perspectives