Electron Crystallography

1. Background.- The development of electron crystallography — in memory of Boris Konstantinovich Vainshtein (1921–1996).- 2. Experimental Techniques and Simulations.- Solid state structures.- Image formation and image contrast in HREM.- Electron microscopy techniques.- Definition, measurement and calculation of intensities in electron diffraction.- Convergent beam electron diffraction. Basic principles.- Convergent-beam electron diffraction.- Image simulation in high resolution transmission electron microscopy.- 3. Crystallographic Phase Determination.- The phase problem of x-ray crystallography: overview.- The effects of symmetry in real and reciprocal space.- Obtaining phases from electron microscopy for solving protein structures. Tribute to Boris Vainshtein (1921–1996).- Crystal structure determination by crystallographic image processing: I. HREM images, structure factors and projected potential.- Crystal structure determination by crystallographic image processing: II.Compensate for defocus, astigmatism, and crystal tilt.- An introduction to maximum entropy in action.- Multi-dimensional direct methods.- Crystal structure determination by two-stage image processing.- Success is not guaranteed — practical matters for direct phase determination in electron crystallography.- 4. Structure Refinement.- Crystal structure refinement incorporating chemical information.- Least squares refinement of structures from dynamic electron diffraction data.- Fourier refinement in electron crystallography.- Structure refinement through matching of experimental and simulated HRTEM images.- 5. Applications.- Direct methods versus electron diffraction: the first experiences by SIR97.- Structure determination by electron crystallography using a simulation approach combined withmaximum entropy with the aim of improving materials properties.- Multi-dimensional electron crystallography of Bi-based superconductors.- Structure determination by maximum entropy and likelihood.- Crystallographic image processing on minerals: 3D structures, defects and interfaces.- Electron diffraction in polymer crystal structure analysis: some examples.- Membrane proteins solved by electron microscopy and electron diffraction.- The need for electron crystallography in mineral sciences..- Electron diffraction of mineral structures and textures.- Extended Abstracts.- Structural electron microscopy characterization of the ternary compound S4In2Zn obtained by chemical transport..- Diffraction contrast in TEM images of modulated semiconductor alloys.- Electron crystallography of a metal azo salt pigment.- Systematic study of metal particles (Pt, Ni) contrast on amorphous support (silica) using multislice.- First steps in the structure determination of an oxycarbonate superconductor from electron diffraction intensities..- Effects of local crystallography on stress-induced voiding in passivated copper interconnects.- How to determine reliable intensities using film methods?.- Surface structures solved by direct methods.- Modulated structure determination of Pb-1212 and Pb-1223 by electron crystallographic image processing.- TEM studies of the early stages of precipitation in Al-Mg-Si alloys in comparison with electron radiation damage effects..- Structural models of ?2-inflated monoclinic and orthorhombic Al-Co phases.- Electron microscopy of thin protein crystals from vapour diffusion ‘hanging drops’ provides structural information at intermediate resolution.- Structural modulations in the Sr-Ca-Cu-0 system characterized by HRTEM.- Investigation of defects inplastically deformed Ni3A1 by TEM tilting experiments.- Oxidation in-situ of Nbl2O29 into a high resolution microscope.- Electron diffraction patterns of natural antigorites: a still unknown modulated crystal structure.- Exact atom positions by electron microscopy? — a quantitative comparison to X-ray crystallography.- WINREKS — A computer program for the reciprocal lattice reconstruction from a set of electron diffractograms.- Crystallographic phase transitions in laser irradiated cerium dioxide.