Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering and Control Applications (eBook)

Foreword 6
Contents 8
Control and Systems Engineering (CSE) 12
Power Quality Improvement Based on Five-Level NPC Series APF Using Fuzzy Control Scheme 13
Abstract 13
1 Introduction 13
2 Series APF Configuration System 14
3 Control Strategies 17
4 Fuzzy Logic Control 19
5 Simulation Results and Discussion 24
6 Conclusion 25
References 25
Adaptive Backstepping Control Using Combined Direct and Indirect /sigma –Modification Adaptation 27
Abstract 27
1 Introduction 27
2 Identification Based x-Swapping 28
3 Direct/Indirect Adaptive Backstepping Control with DSC 30
4 Stability Analysis 33
5 Numerical Example 35
6 Conclusion 39
References 39
Linear Stochastic Model Validation for Civil Engineering Structures Under Earthquakes 41
Abstract 41
1 Introduction 41
2 Dynamic Model of the Structure 42
3 Seismic Dynamic Model 44
4 ARMAX Model of the Structure 46
5 ARMA Model Identification 49
6 Simulation Results 51
7 Conclusions 53
References 54
Adaptive Fuzzy Control-Based Projective Synchronization Scheme of Uncertain Chaotic Systems with Input Nonlinearities 55
Abstract 55
1 Introduction 55
2 Problem Statements and Preliminaries 56
3 Design of Fuzzy Adaptive Controller 60
4 Simulation Results 65
5 Conclusion 67
References 68
A Novel State Representation of Electric Powered Wheelchair 70
Abstract 70
1 Introduction 70
2 Descripting and Modeling 71
3 Dynamic Modeling 72
4 New State Representation 75
5 Decoupling System 76
6 EPW Control System 77
7 Results and Discussion 77
8 Conclusion 79
References 79
Single and Multi Objective Predictive Control of Mobile Robots 80
Abstract 80
1 Introduction 80
2 Model Predictive Control 81
3 Solution of the Multi Objective Predictive Control Problem 82
4 Application 83
5 Conclusion 88
References 88
Comparison Between Predictive Sliding Mode Control and Sliding Mode Control with Predictive Sliding Function 90
Abstract 90
1 Introduction 90
2 System Description 92
3 Synthesis of Discrete Predictive Sliding Mode Controller 92
4 Synthesis of Discrete Sliding Mode Controller with Predictive Sliding Function 96
5 Comparison Between PSMC and SMC-PSF 101
6 Conclusion 105
Acknowledgment 105
References 105
Discrete Variable Structure Model Reference Adaptive Control for Non Strictly Positive Real Systems Using Only I/O Measurements 108
Abstract 108
1 Introduction 108
2 Basic Definitions 109
3 The Modified Discrete Model Reference Adaptive Control 110
4 The Discrete Variable Structure Model Reference Adaptive Control Using Only Input-Output Measurements 113
5 Simulation Example 114
5.1 Mrac 116
5.2 D-Vs-Mrac-Io 119
5.3 Comparison Between Discrete MRAC and D-VS-MRACIO 120
6 Conclusion 121
Acknowledgment 122
References 122
Stable Adaptive Fuzzy Sliding-Mode Controller for a Class of Underactuated Dynamic Systems 124
Abstract 124
1 Introduction 124
2 System Description and Problem Formulation 125
3 Control System Design and Stability Analysis 126
4 Simulation Study 130
5 Conclusion 133
References 133
Indirect Robust Adaptive Fuzzy Control of Uncertain Two Link Robot Manipulator 135
Abstract 135
1 Introduction 135
2 Problem Formulation 136
3 Description of Fuzzy Systems 138
4 Indirect Adaptive Fuzzy Control 138
5 Simulation Results 145
6 Conclusion 148
References 148
Constrained Fuzzy Predictive Control Design Based on the PDC Approach 150
Abstract 150
1 Introduction 150
2 Backgrounds 151
2.1 Model Predictive Control 151
2.2 Fuzzy Discrete Time T-S Model 151
2.3 PDC Fuzzy Control Law 152
3 Robust T-S Predictive Control Model Using PDC Controller 152
4 Simulation Results 157
4.1 Example 1 157
4.2 Example 2 158
5 Conclusion 163
References 164
Renewable Energy (RE) 165
Control of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System with Batteries Storage 166
Abstract 166
1 Introduction 166
2 Photovoltaic Model 167
3 Storage System 170
4 Topology of the System 171
5 Control Strategy 171
5.1 Boost Converter Control 172
5.2 Inverter Control 172
6 Simulation Results 174
7 Conclusion 178
References 178
The Development of Empirical Photovoltaic/Thermal Collector 180
Abstract 180
1 Introduction 180
2 Concept of Hybrid PVT Collector 181
2.1 Block Diagram of a PV/T System for the Production of Energy 181
2.2 Constitution of the Hybrid Collector 182
3 Thermal Analysis 182
3.1 Schematic of Heat Transfer 182
4 Results and Discussions 185
5 Experimental Study 186
6 Conclusion 188
References 188
A Mathematical Model to Determine the Shading Effects in the I-V Characteristic of a Photovoltaic Module 190
Abstract 190
1 Introduction 190
2 Model and Simulation Procedure 191
2.1 Model of Practical PV in First Quadrant 191
2.2 Modeling of Reverse Characteristics of PV Cell 193
3 Study of Partial Shadowing Effects in the Solar PV 195
4 Simulation Results 195
4.1 Influence of the Amount of Shading with Bypass Diode 196
5 Conclusion 197
References 198
Hybrid Systems Using Thermal/Biomass Sources 200
Abstract 200
1 Introduction 200
2 An Experimental Hybrid System 202
3 Energy Resources Estimation 202
3.1 Estimation of Annual Thermal Energy 202
3.2 Estimation of Annual Biogas Energy 203
4 Modeling the Hybrid System 204
4.1 Continuous Energy Case 204
4.2 Discrete Energy Case 204
5 Application 205
5.1 Continuous Energy Case 205
5.2 Discrete Energy Case 205
6 Results 205
7 Graphic 207
8 Conclusion 208
References 209
A Neural and Fuzzy Logic Based Control Scheme for a Shunt Active Power Filter 210
Abstract 210
1 Introduction 210
2 Proposed Control Strategy 212
3 Adaptive Linear Neural Networks Principle 212
4 ADALINE as Harmonic Estimator 213
5 Design of the DC-bus Fuzzy Logic Controller 214
6 Simulations and Analysis of the Results 216
7 Conclusion 219
References 219
Faults Diagnosis-Faults Tolerant Control (FTC) 221
Robust Fault Detection Filter Design for Discrete-Time Fuzzy Models 222
Abstract 222
1 Introduction 222
2 Preliminaries on T-S Fuzzy Systems 223
3 Problem Statement 225
4 Robustness Conditions 226
5 Fault Sensitivity Conditions 229
6 Mixed {{{{/bf H}}_{ - } } /mathord{/left/ {/vphantom {{{{/bf H}}_{ - } } {{{/bf H}}_{/infty } }}} /right. /kern-0pt} {{{/bf H}}_{/infty } }} Fault Detection Observer Design 232
7 Simulation Example 232
8 Conclusion 237
Appendix A 238
References 239
Feature Selection for Enhancement of Bearing Fault Detection and Diagnosis Based on Self-Organizing Map 240
Abstract 240
1 Introduction 240
2 Theoretical Background 242
2.1 Feature Selection 242
2.2 ReliefF Feature Selection 242
2.3 Minimum Redundancy and Maximum Relevancy (MRMR) 243
2.4 Self-Organizing Map (SOM) 243
3 Proposed Fault Diagnosis System 245
3.1 Feature Extraction 245
4 Experimental Implementation 248
4.1 Experimental Data 248
4.2 Results and Discussion 249
5 Conclusion 251
References 251
Small Signal Fractional Order Modeling of PN Junction Diode 254
Abstract 254
1 Introduction 254
2 Diode AC Small Signal Impedance-Experimental Setup 255
2.1 Diode Elements 255
2.2 Integer Order Models 257
3 Fractional Order Models 258
4 Experimental Results 259
4.1 Analytical and Classical Models 259
4.2 Fractional Model with One Zero and One Pole 260
4.3 Fractional Model with One Zero and Two Poles 261
5 Conclusion 261
References 262
Fractional Order Systems (Sofa) 263
Rational Function Approximation of a Fundamental Fractional Order Transfer Function 264
Abstract 264
1 Introduction 264
2 Rational Function Approximation 266
2.1 Case 1: 0  lessthan  ?  lessthan  0.5 266
2.2 Case 2: ? = 0.5 269
3 Time Responses 270
3.1 Case 1: 0  lessthan  ?  lessthan  0.5 270
3.2 Case 2: ? = 0.5 271
4 Illustrative Example 272
5 Conclusion 279
References 279
Robust Adaptive Fuzzy Control for a Class of Uncertain Nonlinear Fractional Systems 281
Abstract 281
1 Introduction 281
2 Basic Definitions and Preliminaries for Fractional Order Systems 282
3 Description of the T–S Fuzzy Systems 285
4 Adaptive H^{/infty } Control of Uncertain Fractional Order Systems 286
5 Simulation Results 292
6 Conclusion 297
References 297
Signal and Communications (SC) 300
A Leaky Wave Antenna Based on SIW Technology for Ka Band Applications 301
Abstract 301
1 Introduction 301
2 Parameters of Substrate Integrated Waveguide 302
2.1 Feed Design 303
2.2 Microstrip Transition Lines in Substrate Integrated Waveguide 304
3 SIW Leaky-Wave Antenna Design 306
4 Conclusion 308
References 309
Selective Filters Design Based Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals: Modeling Using the 2D-FDTD Method 310
Abstract 310
1 Introduction 310
2 Filtering in Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals 311
3 Two Dimensional FDTD 2D 312
4 Selective Filter Design 315
4.1 First Filter Topology Based on Three Cascaded Waveguide in Triangular Lattices 315
4.2 Second Filter Topology Based on Three Cascaded Wave Guides in Square and Triangular Lattices 316
5 Conclusions 319
References 319
Writer’s Gender Classification Using HOG and LBP Features 321
Abstract 321
1 Introduction 321
2 Gender Classification System 322
2.1 Local Binary Patterns 322
2.2 Histogram of Oriented Gradients 324
2.3 Support Vector Machines 325
3 Experimental Results 325
3.1 Results Obtained for the First Training Set 326
3.2 Results Obtained for the Second Training Set 327
4 Conclusion and Future Work 328
References 328
Speech Recognition System Based on OLLO French Corpus by Using MFCCs 330
Abstract 330
1 Introduction 330
2 The Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC) 331
3 Coprus 331
4 Experimental Results and Analyse 333
5 Conclusion 335
References 335
Wavelets Based Image De-Noising: Application to EFTEM Imaging 336
Abstract 336
1 Introduction 336
2 Noise in EM Images 337
3 Concrete Steps of Wavelets De-Noising Algorithm in EM 338
3.1 Basic Assumption 338
3.2 Concrete Steps of De-noising EM Images 340
4 Results 340
4.1 Experimental Test Data 340
4.2 Performance Evaluation 340
4.3 Results of the De-Noising Algorithm 343
5 Concluding Remarques 344
References 346
New Front End Based on Multitaper and Gammatone Filters for Robust Speaker Verification 348
Abstract 348
1 Introduction 348
2 The Proposed Multitaper Gammatone Cepstral Coefficient MGCC 349
3 Gammatone Filter 350
4 Multitaper Spectrum Estimation 351
5 Experiment 352
5.1 Experimental Setup 352
5.2 Experimental Results Using GMM-UBM 353
5.3 Experimental Results Using I-Vector 356
6 Conclusion 357
References 357
Comparative Study of Time Frequency Analysis Application on Abnormal EEG Signals 359
Abstract 359
1 Introduction 359
2 Methods 360
2.1 Time-Frequency Analysis 360
2.2 Rényi Entropy 361
3 Materials and EEG Data 362
4 Experimental Results 363
4.1 Time-Frequency Analysis Using Rényi Entropy 363
4.2 Peak Seizure Characterisation 364
5 Conclusion 370
References 370
Performance Evaluation of Segmentation Algorithms Based on Level Set Method: Application to Medical Images 373
Abstract 373
1 Introduction 373
2 Level Set Method in Image Segmentation 374
2.1 Level Sets 374
2.2 Performance Evaluation 378
3 Experimental Results 380
4 Concluding Remarques 383
References 383
Design of Antipodal Linearly Tapered Slot Antennas (ALTSA) Arrays in SIW Technology for UWB Imaging 385
Abstract 385
1 Introduction 385
2 Single Antenna Element 386
3 SIW Bends Design 388
4 Design of SIW Power 2-Way Divider with ALTSA 388
5 Resultants and Simulation 390
6 Present Electromagnetic Fields in SIW Bends 391
7 Conclusion 392
References 392
Large Scale Systems (SI03) 394
Optimized Sliding Mode Control of DC-DC Boost Converter for Photovoltaic System 395
Abstract 395
1 Introduction 395
2 System Configuration and Sliding Mode Control Strategy 396
2.1 Validity of the Control Methodology 398
3 Optimization of the Sliding Mode Control Strategy 402
3.1 Simplex Method to Delimitate Sliding Mode Controller Gains 402
3.2 PSO-Based Optimization of Sliding Mode Controller Gains 404
4 Simulation Results 405
5 Conclusion 407
References 408
Modeling of MOSFET Transistor by MLP Neural Networks 409
Abstract 409
1 Introduction 409
2 The Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) Transistor 410
3 Artificial Neuron Networks ANN 411
3.1 Structure of ANN 411
3.2 Training of an ANN 412
4 Genetic Algorithms GA 412
5 Applying of Genetic Algorithms for Neural Network Training 413
6 Simulation Results 414
7 Conclusion 416
References 416
Author Index 418