Ancient Tales of Giants from Qumran and Turfan (eBook)

Cover 1
Preface 6
Table of Contents 8
Matthew Goff: Introduction 14
Part One: Gibborim and Gigantes. Antecedents, Reception, and Comparative Contextsfrom the Hebrew Bible and Greek Literature 24
Brian R. Doak: The Giant in a Thousand Years: Tracing Narratives of Gigantism in the Hebrew Bible and Beyond 26
I. The Embarrassing and Alluring Giant 26
II. Five Categories of Giant Thinking in the Hebrew Bible 29
1. The giant as divine or semi-divine figure 30
2. The giant as anti-law and anti-king 34
3. The giant as elite adversary and elite animal 37
4. The giant as unruly or overgrown vegetation 38
5. The giant as the defeated past 40
III. A Transition to the Early Jewish Giant 42
IV. Conclusion 45
Samantha Newington: Greek Titans and Biblical Giants 46
Michael Tuval: “???????? ????????” (Prov 21:16): The Giants in the Jewish Literature in Greek 54
I. The Giants in the LXX 55
II. The Wisdom of Solomon, 3 Maccabees, Baruch, 3 Baruch, Ben Sira, and the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs 59
III. Pseudo-Eupolemus 62
IV. The Sibylline Oracles 64
V. Philo of Alexandria 66
VI. Flavius Josephus 68
VII. Summary and Conclusions 69
Part Two:Tales of Giants in their Ancient Jewish Context. The Dead Sea Scrolls, the Book of Watchers, and Daniel 72
Joseph L. Angel: The Humbling of the Arrogant and the “Wild Man” and “Tree Stump” Traditions in the Book of Giants and Daniel 4 74
I. Introduction 74
II. Parallels in Daniel 4 and the Book of Giants 76
III. Explanations and Implications 82
Amanda M. Davis Bledsoe: Throne Theophanies, Dream Visions, and Righteous(?) Seers: Daniel, the Book of Giants, and 1 Enoch Reconsidered 94
I. Introduction 94
II. The Throne Theophanies of Daniel 7, 4Q530, and 1 Enoch 14 95
1. The Deity 95
2. The Throne(s) 98
3. The Attendants 101
III. The Relationship between the Visions of Daniel 7, 4Q530, and 1 Enoch 14 102
IV. Dream Visions and the Role of the Seer in Daniel 7, 4Q530, and 1 Enoch 14 103
V. Conclusion 109
Ida Fröhlich: Giants and Demons 110
I. Demonic Traits of the Watchers 117
II. Demonic Traits of the Giants 117
III. Naming the Sons of the Watchers: Gibb?rîm 119
IV. Genesis 6:1–4 and the Book of Watchers 124
Matthew Goff: The Sons of the Watchers in the Book of Watchers and the Qumran Book of Giants: Contexts and Prospects 128
I. Introduction: Questions, Contexts and Prospects 128
II. The Giants in the Book of Watchers 130
III. The Giants in the Qumran Book of Giants 132
IV. The Fate of the Giants 137
V. Conclusion 140
Loren T. Stuckenbruck: The Book of Giants among the Dead Sea Scrolls: Considerations of Method and a New Proposal on the Reconstruction of 4Q530 142
I. Introduction 142
II. Methodological Considerations in Reconstructing the Qumran Book of Giants 143
III. A Sequenced Outline Derived from Extant Dead Sea Fragments 149
IV. A Proposal for Reconstructing the Remaining Length of 4Q530 150
V. Conclusion 151
Part Three: Enochic Traditions in Central Asia and China. Exploring Connections and Affinities betweenGiants in Ancient Judaism and Manichaeism 156
Gábor Kósa: The Book of Giants Tradition in the Chinese Manichaica 158
I. The Major Figure of Interface between the Book of Giants and Manichaeism 160
1. The Motif of Rex Honoris and the Rebelling Angels in a Xiapu Text 163
a) Rebellions in the Manichaean Universe 165
b) The Names of the Four Punishing Angels 168
2. Rex Honoris and the Imprisoned Demons in the Chinese Manichaean Cosmology Painting 170
a) Rex Honoris in the CP 172
aa) Rex Honoris as Surveyor of the Evil Forces and the Magical Mirror 173
bb) The Two Groups of Four Angels on Either Side of Rex Honoris 174
b) Imprisoned and Rebelling Demons in the Firmaments 177
c) Four Angels at Mount Sumeru 181
d) Imprisoned Demons in the Earths 182
II. Thirty-Two Palaces on Mount Sumeru 184
III. Different Fates for Different Kinds of Giants? 185
1. A Watcher Placed Upon a Demon 186
2. Repenting Demons at Mount Sumeru 186
3. Imprisoned Giants? 188
IV. Conclusion 190
Enrico Morano: Some New Sogdian Fragments Related to Mani’s Book of Giants and the Problem of the Influence of Jewish Enochic Literature 200
I. New Texts from the Sogdian Version of Mani’s Book of Giants (?) 201
1. “Res Gestae Gigantis S?hm”: So10701a (T I D) + So20193b (TM363) and So10700a (T I D) + So20193a (TM363) 201
a) So10701a [T I D] + So20193b (Fig. 1) 202
b) So10700a [T I D] + So20193a [TM363] (Fig. 2) 203
2. The Fall of the Demons’ Abortions: So14255 and So14256 204
II. New Sogdian Texts related to Enochic Literature 204
a) “Lament of the Bound Rebel Stars” (So20220/II/) (Figs. 3–4) 205
III. Conclusion 206
John C. Reeves: Jacob of Edessa and the Manichaean Book of Giants? 212
Jens Wilkens: Remarks on the Manichaean Book of Giants: Once Again on Mahaway’s Mission to Enoch 226
I. Introduction 226
II. The Old Uyghur Fragment Mainz 317 227
III. Preliminary Textual Remarks 227
1. The verb ašr(u)l? ~ ašr(?)l? 227
2. The Gates and the Window Openings 228
3. The Movement of the Sun 229
4. Parallels to the Book of Giants in a Cosmological Text 230
5. The Giant Mahaway and His Mission 230
IV. Translation of Mainz 317 240
V. The Old Uyghur Original Text in Transcription102 241
Index of Citations of Ancient Texts 244
1. Hebrew Bible / Old Testament 244
2. New Testament 248
3. Apocrypha 248
4. Pseudepigrapha 249
5. The Dead Sea Scrolls 251
6. Philo And Josephus 255
7. Classical Greek And Latin Sources 256
8. Rabbinic Literature 257
9. Christian Literature 257
10. Other Ancient Near Eastern Sources 258
11. Manichaean Texts 259
12. Other Asian Sources 263
Modern Author Index 264