Tunable Microwave Metamaterial Structures (eBook)

Parts of this thesis have been published in the following journal articles: 6
Supervisor's Foreword 8
Acknowledgments 10
Contents 11
About the Author 13
Symbols 14
1 Introduction 17
References 19
2 Wave Propagation in Periodic Structures 22
2.1 Material Parameters of Distributed Periodic Structures 22
2.2 Dispersion Functions and Transmission Line Model 24
2.3 Causality and Its Consequences on Dispersion 29
2.3.1 Application to Different Unit Cell Configurations 32
2.3.2 Kramers--Kronig Relation for Phase Reconstruction 37
2.4 Effective Material Parameters of Discrete Periodic Structures 39
References 48
3 Implementation of Three-Dimensional Lorentz-Drude-Materials 50
3.1 Wire Lattice 50
3.2 Split-Ring Resonator 53
3.3 Hollow Waveguides 58
References 61
4 Extraction of Dispersion Parameters 63
4.1 Extraction from Scattering Parameters 63
4.1.1 Nicolson--Ross--Weir Extraction Method with Phase Reconstruction 63
4.1.2 Consideration of Higher Order Modes in Scattering Parameters 67
4.1.3 Eigenmode Determination from Simulated Scattering Parameters 71
4.2 Fullwave Eigenmode Computation 73
4.2.1 Bloch Impedance Extraction by Field Averaging 73
4.2.2 Farfield Computation from Eigenmode Results 77
References 85
5 Tunable Transmission Line Metamaterials 87
5.1 Tunable Double Series Transmission Line 88
5.2 Liquid Crystals for Voltage Tunable Components 94
5.3 Tunable Artificial Transmission Line Using Liquid Crystal 97
5.4 Tunable Open Split-Ring Resonator 102
References 106
6 Artificial Gradient-Index Lens 108
6.1 Gradient-Index Structures for Beam Scanning 108
6.2 Tunable Split-Ring Resonator 111
6.3 Tunable Omega Resonator 118
6.4 Tunable Fishnet Structure 124
6.4.1 Static Gradient-Index Fishnet Structure 127
6.4.2 Voltage Tunable Gradient-Index Fishnet Structure 134
References 139
7 Conclusion and Outlook 142
Appendix 146