Cardiac Fibrosis and Heart Failure: Cause or Effect? (eBook)

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2015 | 2015
XV, 436 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-319-17437-2 (ISBN)

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Cardiac Fibrosis and Heart Failure: Cause or Effect? -
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The unique biology of cardiac fibroblasts and related cells, such as cardiac myofibroblasts and valvular interstitial cells, distinguish them from other fibroblastic cells, a concept that is only beginning to be widely appreciated. Further, the natural signals that stimulate and inhibit cardiac fibrosis within these cells are not well understood. This volume compiles articles that address the molecular mechanisms that control the synthesis and secretion of the cardiac ECM. The book showcases chapters that highlight discussion of role of Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ), an important fibrogenic cytokine and its downstream effectors SMAD in many cardiac diseases. Further, the contributions highlight information to discuss endogenous inhibitors of cardiac fibrosis, as well as advances in tissue engineering specific to matrix in the heart. Finally, discussions of unifying mechanisms of matrix remodeling in valves and myocardium are presented.

The mechanisms involved in the stimulation of cardiac fibrosis are not fully understood. In most cases the marginal attenuation of cardiac fibrosis as a result of a given therapy is a beneficial side-effect linked to other primary effects on other cells, especially cardiomyocytes. Very few drugs or agents are known to affect the function and dysfunction of cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblasts alone. The book helps to translate the information gathered within to allow us to alter the course of fibrogenic events that are typical of cardiac fibrosis, and thereby reduce their burden on the patient and on society itself.



Dr. Jeffrey Wigle is an Associate Professor at the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. His research focuses on the transcriptional pathways involved in regulating the growth and development of the cardiovascular system. He has characterized a number of transcription factors that are critical for the development of the lymphatic vasculature and the phenoconversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. He is currently studying the transcriptional feedback loops that determine the fibroblastic phenotype.

Dr. Ian M.C. Dixon is a Professor of Physiology and Pathophysiology at the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.  His research addresses heart failure following myocardial infarction and the contributing role of dysfunctional extracellular matrix in these hearts. He is also interested in mechanisms of fibroblast phenotype regulation, cardiac fibroblast SMAD protein signaling as well as other signaling proteins that may oppose the fibrogenic influence of TGF-b1 in health and disease. He has been engaged over the past 24 years in multidisciplinary research in cardiovascular matrix biology. 

Dr. Jeffrey Wigle is an Associate Professor at the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. His research focuses on the transcriptional pathways involved in regulating the growth and development of the cardiovascular system. He has characterized a number of transcription factors that are critical for the development of the lymphatic vasculature and the phenoconversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. He is currently studying the transcriptional feedback loops that determine the fibroblastic phenotype.Dr. Ian M.C. Dixon is a Professor of Physiology and Pathophysiology at the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.  His research addresses heart failure following myocardial infarction and the contributing role of dysfunctional extracellular matrix in these hearts. He is also interested in mechanisms of fibroblast phenotype regulation, cardiac fibroblast SMAD protein signaling as well as other signaling proteins that may oppose the fibrogenic influence of TGF-b1 in health and disease. He has been engaged over the past 24 years in multidisciplinary research in cardiovascular matrix biology. 

1. Fibrosis and Heart Failure – Cause or Effect?Ian M.C. Dixon, Ryan H. Cunnington, S.G.  Rattan and J.T. Wigle2. Fibroblast Activation in the Infarcted MyocardiumAmit Saxena and Nicholas Frangogiannis   3. Mechanical and Matrix Regulation of Valvular FibrosisMark C. Blaser and Craig A. Simmons4. Bone Marrow-Derived Progenitor Cells, micro-RNA, and FibrosisAlison L. Muller and Darren H. Freed5. The Stressful Life of Cardiac MyofibroblastsElena Zimina and Boris Hinz6.   Pathogenic Origins of Fibrosis in the Hypertensive Heart Disease that Accompanies AldosteronismR. Justin McCullough, Yao Sun, Kevin P. Newman, Kodangudi B. Ramanathan, Ramareddy V. Guntaka and Karl T. Weber 7. Embryological origin of valve progenitor cellsMichel Pucéat & Thomas Moore-Morris8. Diverse cellular origins of cardiac fibroblastsFahmida Jahan and Jeffrey T. Wigle9. Non-Canonical Regulation of TGF-β1 Signaling: A Role for Ski/Sno and YAP/TAZMathew R.  Zeglinski, Natalie Landry and Ian M.C. Dixon10. Molecular mechanisms of smooth muscle and fibroblast phenotype conversions in the failing heartChristina Pagiatakis and John C. McDermott,11. Current and future strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac fibrosis.Patricia Roche and Michael P. Czubryt12. Remodelling of the cardiac extracellular matrix:  Role of collagen degradation and accumulation in  pathogenesis of heart failureAbhijit Takawale, Mengcheng Shen, Dong Fan, Zamaneh Kassiri13. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9): The Middle-Man of Post Myocardial Infarction Extracellular Matrix RemodellingFouad A. Zouein, Ashley Decoux1, Yuan Tian1, Jared White, Yu-Fang Jin and and Merry L. Lindsey14.  Collagen processing and its role in FibrosisChristopher A. McCulloch and Nuno M. Coelho 15. Mechanisms of Cardiac FibrosisKeith Dadson, Vera Kovacevic and Gary Sweeney16. Mathematical Simulations of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Actions on Mammalian Ventricular Myofibroblasts and MyocytesK. A. MacCannell, L. Chilton, G. L. Smith, and W. R. Giles17. Extracellular Matrix and Cardiac Disease:Surgical and Scientific PerspectivesHolly Mewhort and Paul Fedak18. The Role of Neurohumoral Activation in Cardiac Fibrosis and Heart FailureNirmal Parajuli, Tharmarajan Ramprasath, Pavel Zhabyeyev, Vaibhav B. Patel and Gavin Y. Oudit19. Natriuretic peptides: critical regulators of cardiac fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix in the heartHailey J. Jansen and Robert A. Rose20.  Cardiac Tissue Engineering for the Treatment of Heart Failure Post-InfarctionJacqueline S. Wendel, Robert. T Tranquillo21.  Mechanisms of Cardiac Valve Failure and the Development of Tissue Engineered Heart ValvesMeghana R.K. Helder and Robert D. Simari

Erscheint lt. Verlag 29.6.2015
Reihe/Serie Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease
Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease
Zusatzinfo XV, 436 p. 73 illus., 59 illus. in color.
Verlagsort Cham
Sprache englisch
Themenwelt Medizin / Pharmazie Medizinische Fachgebiete Innere Medizin
Naturwissenschaften Biologie Mikrobiologie / Immunologie
Technik
Schlagworte cardiac extracellular matrix • cardiac fibroblasts • Cardiac Fibrosis • MicroRNAs • Myofibroblasts
ISBN-10 3-319-17437-1 / 3319174371
ISBN-13 978-3-319-17437-2 / 9783319174372
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