Cover 1
Advances in Delay tolerant Networks (DTNs): Architecture and Enhanced Performance 4
Copyright 5
Contents 6
List of contributors 10
Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials 12
Preface 16
1 An introduction to delay and disruption tolerant networks (DTNs) 20
1.1 Introduction 20
1.2 Delay-tolerant network architecture 21
1.3 DTN application scenarios 24
1.4 DTN routing protocols 26
1.5 Conclusion 34
Acknowledgements 35
References 35
Part One Types of delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) 42
2 Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) for satellite communications 44
2.1 Introduction 44
2.2 DTN architecture 45
2.3 Geosynchronous (GEO) constellations 49
2.4 Low earth orbit (LEO) constellations 57
2.5 Conclusion 63
Acknowledgements 64
References 64
3 Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) for deep-space communications 68
3.1 Introduction 68
3.2 Data communications in deep space 68
3.3 Networking requirements for deep-space data 69
3.4 Implementing a deep-space DTN solution 71
3.5 Summary 78
References 78
4 Vehicular delay-tolerant networks (VDTNs) 80
4.1 Introduction 80
4.2 Vehicular network applications 81
4.3 Vehicular communications 82
4.4 Vehicular delay-tolerant networks 86
4.5 Conclusion 92
Acknowledgments 93
References 93
5 Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) for underwater communications 100
5.1 Introduction 100
5.2 Related work 102
5.3 A contemporary view of underwater delay-tolerant networks 114
5.4 Future trends 118
5.5 Conclusion 120
References 120
6 Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) for emergency communications 124
6.1 Introduction 124
6.2 Overview of proposed DTN solutions 126
6.3 Mobility models for emergency DTNs 128
6.4 DistressNet 130
6.5 Routing protocols for emergency DTNs 141
6.6 Minimizing energy consumption in emergency DTNs 146
6.7 Conclusions and future trends 151
References 153
Part Two Improving the performance of delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) 156
7 Assessing the Bundle Protocol (BP) and alternative approaches to data bundling in delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) 158
7.1 Introduction 158
7.2 DTN architecture and Bundle Protocol implementation profiles 160
7.3 Alternative approaches 165
7.4 Future trends 173
7.5 Sources of further information and advice 173
References 174
8 Opportunistic routing in mobile ad hoc delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) 178
8.1 Introduction 178
8.2 Challenges 179
8.3 Overview of multiple existing opportunistic routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks 180
8.4 Combining on-demand opportunistic routing protocols 188
8.5 Open research topics and future trends 188
8.6 Sources of further information and advice 189
References 190
9 Reliable data streaming over delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) 192
9.1 Introduction 192
9.2 Challenges for streaming support in DTNs 194
9.3 Using on-the-fly coding to enable robust DTN streaming 195
9.4 Evaluation of existing streaming proposals over a DTN network 197
9.5 Implementation discussion 201
9.6 Conclusion 202
References 203
10 Rapid selection and dissemination of urgent messages over delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) 206
10.1 Introduction 206
10.2 One-to-many communication in resource-constrained environments 207
10.3 Random Walk Gossip (RWG) 211
10.4 RWG and message differentiation 213
10.5 Evaluation with vehicular mobility models 214
10.6 Discussion 220
References 221
11 Using social network analysis (SNA) to design socially aware network solutions in delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) 224
11.1 Introduction 224
11.2 Social characteristics of DTNs 225
11.3 Socialbased human mobility models 228
11.4 Socially aware data forwarding in DTNs 231
11.5 Conclusion 238
References 240
12 Performance issues and design choices in delay-tolerant network (DTN) algorithms and protocols 244
12.1 Introduction 244
12.2 Performance metrics 245
12.3 Processing overhead 247
12.4 The curse of copying – I/O performance matters 250
12.5 Throughput 255
12.6 Latency and queuing 259
12.7 Discovery latency and energy issues 263
12.8 Conclusions 267
References 267
13 The quest for a killer app for delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) 270
13.1 Introduction 270
13.2 The quest for a problem 270
13.3 DTN as an enabling technology 276
13.4 Conclusions and future trends 280
13.5 Sources of further information and advice 280
References 281
Index 288