Building Maintenance Processes and Practices (eBook)

Abdul Lateef Olanrewaju first worked in the construction industry was as a quantity surveyor about 15 years ago. He has been involved in various construction projects from the conceptual stages to completion. He has also undertaken full-time research work and has contributed towards enhancing and strengthening investigations into in the built environment. He gained his master of science in built environment from the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) for his research on value management and his doctorate from Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP) Malaysia for his research on building maintenance management. He studied quantity surveying at Kaduna Polytechnic, Nigeria. His academic activities center on lecturing and research associated with quantity surveying, value management, building maintenance, research methodology, procurement and contemporary issues in construction and project management. He has authored and co-authored several scientific papers, and he is a referee for leading journals. He has served has as panelist and keynote speaker on different topics relating to the construction industry. He is an incorporate member of the CIOB, member of Quantity Surveyor International, member of the Malaysian Facility Management Association. His current research focuses on sustainable maintenance management, ethical issues in construction and the role of the construction sector in economic development and the procurements of construction projects through the Shariah method.Abdul-Aziz Abdul Rashid is a professor at the School of Housing Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia. He started his career as a quantity surveyor but very quickly took up the offer to further his studies under the sponsorship of Universiti Sains Malaysia and the Malaysian government. He completed his MSc in Construction Management at Brunel University, West London, England and thereafter returned to his alma mater, the University of Reading, Reading, England, to pursue his PhD. His initial research interest was international construction. But over the span of more than two decades as an academician, his research interests have expanded to cover construction labor issues, construction development, privatization, construction procurement and housing development. He is a registered quantity surveyor with the Board of Surveyors Malaysia, a member of the Royal Institution of Surveyors Malaysia and a fellow of the Chartered Institution of Chartered Surveyors. He is the co-editor of the Journal of Construction of Developing Countries. In addition, he is an editorial board member of several journals. He has published more than 70 articles in international refereed journals, international books and book chapters. He has done consultancy research work for the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board, the Singaporean Contractors Association Limited and the International Labour Organization.

Foreword 7
Preface 8
Acknowledgments by Abdul Lateef Olanrewaju 10
Acknowledgments by Abdul-Rashid Abdul-Aziz 12
Contents 13
Abbreviations 19
About the Authors 22
What this Book is Designed to do for you 24
1 Overview 27
1.1 An Overview of Value Maintenance Management 27
1.2 Objectives of the Book 29
1.3 General Organisation of the Book 30
1.4 Overview of Chapters 31
2 An Overview of the Construction Industry 34
Abstract 34
2.1 The Malaysian Construction Industry 35
2.2 The Value of Maintenance Sub-sector 46
2.3 Conclusion and Future Outlook of the Construction Industry 52
References 56
3 Maintenance of Academic Buildings 58
Abstract 58
3.1 Introduction 58
3.2 An Overview of Malaysian Education System 59
3.2.1 Roles of University in National Development 62
3.2.2 Academic Building as a Factor of Production 63
3.2.3 Roles of Maintenance in Building Performance 64
3.2.4 What Is the Scope of Building Maintenance? 66
3.3 Issues in the Present Maintenance Practices 68
3.4 Steps to Develop the Value Maintenance Management 69
3.5 Significance of a Fresh Look 72
3.6 Summary and Observations 72
References 73
4 Malaysian Education System and University Buildings 75
Abstract 75
4.1 Introduction 75
4.2 Malaysia: An Overview 76
4.3 Malaysian National Educational Systems 76
4.4 National Education Philosophy 77
4.5 Higher Educational Institutions in Malaysia 78
4.6 University in Malaysia 79
4.6.1 Public Universities 80
4.6.2 Private Universities 81
4.7 University Administration 83
4.8 The Knowledge-Based Economy (KBE) Issues 84
4.9 Funding University Education 84
4.10 Universities and the Tenth Malaysian PlanTenth Malaysian Plan (10MP) 86
4.11 Asset Management (AM) 87
4.12 Facilities Management (FM) 87
4.13 Building Facilities 88
4.13.1 Functions of Buildings 90
4.13.2 Types of Buildings 91
4.13.3 University Buildings and Engineering Services 92
4.13.4 Conditions and Performance of Buildings 95
4.14 Changing Dimensions of Students 96
4.15 How Satisfy are the Students with Buildings? 97
4.16 Summary 98
References 99
5 Building Maintenance Processes, Principles, Procedures, Practices and Strategies 102
Abstract 102
5.1 Introduction 102
5.2 Ontology and Epistemology of Maintenance 103
5.3 Analysis of Factors Leading to Maintenance 105
5.3.1 Poor DesignPoor Design 105
5.3.2 Poor WorkmanshipPoor Workmanship 106
5.3.3 Defective Materials and Components 107
5.3.4 Usage and Age 107
5.3.5 Climatic and Environmental FactorEnvironmental Factor 108
5.3.6 Nature of Users 109
5.4 Types of Maintenance 109
5.4.1 Preventive Maintenance 109
5.4.2 Corrective Maintenance 110
5.4.3 Predictive Maintenance 111
5.4.4 Proactive Maintenance 111
5.5 Condition Survey 113
5.5.1 Condition-based Maintenance 114
5.6 Performance-based Maintenance 115
5.7 Building Defects 115
5.8 Repair and Methods of Cost Forecasting 117
5.9 Description of a Mathematical Relationship for Maintenance 118
5.10 Maintenance Policy 119
5.11 Appraisal of Existing Maintenance Management Model 121
5.12 Maintenance Management 127
5.12.1 Value-based Management 128
5.12.2 Theory and Concept of Value 129
5.13 User Participations in Service Delivery 132
5.13.1 Roles of Users 132
5.14 Functions of Maintenance Management 133
5.14.1 Maintenance Management of Planning 133
5.14.2 Maintenance Management of Organisation 134
5.14.3 Maintenance Management of Directing 134
5.14.4 Maintenance Management of Controlling 135
5.14.5 Maintenance Organisation 136
5.15 Maintenance Information 139
5.16 Procurement of Maintenance Services 140
5.17 Maintenance Standards 143
5.18 Labour Management 144
5.19 Time ManagementTime Management 145
5.20 Performance Measurement and Performance Management 145
5.21 Summary 148
References 148
6 Methodological Issues 153
Abstract 153
6.1 Introduction 153
6.2 Recapitulation Problems Facing Maintenance Organisations 154
6.3 Design Strategy 155
6.3.1 Desk Work 155
6.3.2 Fieldwork 156
6.4 Survey Approach 156
6.4.1 Questionnaire Survey 157
6.4.2 Limitations of the Questionnaire Survey Approach 157
6.4.3 Mitigating the Limitations of the Survey Approach 157
6.5 Piloting 158
6.6 Reliability Tests 158
6.7 Validity Tests 159
6.8 Ethics of Research 159
6.9 Main Database 160
6.9.1 Respondent Database 160
6.9.2 Criteria that Influence Maintenance Management of Buildings 161
6.9.3 Defects in Buildings 161
6.9.4 Criteria of the User Value System (Factors that Enhance User's Satisfaction) 164
6.10 Questionnaire for Building Users 164
6.10.1 Criteria that Enhance User Satisfaction 165
6.10.2 Defects in Buildings 165
6.10.3 Method of Administering Questionnaires on the Users 165
6.11 The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Survey 166
6.12 Grounded Theory 170
6.13 Method of Validating Value Maintenance Management Model 172
6.14 Summary 173
References 173
7 Analysis and Findings 175
Abstract 175
7.1 Introduction 175
7.2 Summary of the Questionnaires from the Maintenance Organisations 177
7.2.1 Characteristics of the Respondents 177
7.2.2 Background Information 181
7.2.3 Analysis of Criteria Influencing Maintenance Management of Buildings 194
7.2.4 Criteria of the User Value System: Providers' Perspectives 209
7.2.5 Analysis of Defects in the Buildings: The Providers' Perspectives 217
7.3 Users' Perspectives 219
7.3.1 Characteristics of the Buildings' Users 221
7.3.2 Analysis of the Criteria in the User Value System 234
7.3.3 Analysis of Building Defects: Users' Perspectives 241
7.4 Mathematical Model for Building Maintenance 246
7.4.1 Development of Hierarchy Model 247
7.4.2 Model Validity 251
7.4.2.1 Validation 1: Elemental-Based Criteria 251
7.4.2.2 Validation 2: Performance-Based Criteria 253
7.4.2.3 Validation 3: Operation-Based Criteria 254
7.5 Summary 256
References 256
8 Discussing the Findings 257
Abstract 257
8.1 Introduction 257
8.2 Discussion on the Respondent Profile and Background Information 258
8.3 Discussion on the Criteria that Influence Maintenance Management 262
8.4 Discussion on Criteria of User Value System 267
8.5 Discussion on Defects in the Buildings 272
8.6 Discussion on AHP Model 278
8.7 Summary 279
References 280
9 Elements of the Proposed Value Maintenance Management Model---``Harmonising It All Altogether''! 281
Abstract 281
9.1 Introduction 281
9.2 Design Strategy for the Validation 282
9.3 Model Development Process 283
9.4 Overview of the Demography of Participants 284
9.5 The VMMM 285
9.5.1 Maintenance Management of Planning 287
9.5.2 Maintenance Organisation 301
9.5.3 Maintenance Control 305
9.5.4 Maintenance Directing 306
9.5.5 Maintenance Management of Implementation 310
9.6 Summary 313
References 314
10 Sustainability Maintenance Initiatives 315
Abstract 315
10.1 Introduction 315
10.2 Sustainable Housing Maintenance Management Model 316
10.2.1 Introduction 317
10.2.2 Management: An Overview 319
10.2.3 Maintenance: An Overview 319
10.2.4 Housing as a Sustainable Development's Driver 320
10.2.5 Towards Sustainable Housing: Malaysia's Case 321
10.2.6 Sustainable Housing Maintenance Management 323
10.2.7 Conclusions 326
10.3 Green Campus 327
10.3.1 Introduction 327
10.3.2 Theoretical Framework and Background 328
10.3.3 Green Design and Construction Without Green Maintenance? 330
10.3.4 Existing Buildings and Green Maintenance Initiatives 331
10.3.5 Green Maintenance of University Buildings 332
10.3.6 Conclusion 335
References 336
11 Conclusions and Recommendations 338
Abstract 338
11.1 Introduction 338
11.2 Features of the VMMM 340
11.3 Recommendations 340
11.4 General Summary 341
Appendix 342
Nomenclatures: Concepts and Definitions 344
Index 348