Integrated Broadband Communication Networks and Services (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Integrated Broadband Communication Networks and Services 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 12
Part I: Reviews and Operator Strategies 16
Chapter 1. The Evolution of High Performance Networking: Driving Forces and Handicaps 16
1. The Evolution of High Performance Networking 16
2. Driving Forces for High Performance Networking 17
3. Handicaps for High Performance Networking 19
4. Strategical aspects and conclusion 24
5. References 25
Chapter 2. Strategies for the Introduction of Broadband Networks and Services in Denmark 26
1. BACKGROUND 26
2. MARKET AND INDUSTRIAL EXPLOITATION 28
3. REGULATORY ASPECTS 31
4. COMPETING TECHNOLOGIES IN BROADBAND COMMUNICATIONS 32
5. DANISH BROADBAND ACTIVITIES, PROJECTS AND TRIALS 34
6. OUTLINE OF STRATEGIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF BROADBAND NETWORKS AND SERVICES 35
7. MAIN REFERENCES AND LITERATURE 36
Part II: Trends 38
Chapter 3. Scenarios for Introduction of Broadband Services in Telecommunication Networks 38
Abstract 38
1. Introduction 38
2. LAN interconnections 39
3. Network structures 41
4. Access Networks 44
5. Evolution towards ATM 45
References 49
Chapter 4. Visions on the combination of SDH, ATM and LAN's as seen from the customer side 50
Abstract 50
1. INTRODUCTION 50
2. DEMAND SIDE TRENDS 51
3. MODEL 55
4. CONSEQUENCES 55
REFERENCES 58
Part III: Evaluation and projects 60
Chapter 5. Basic Concepts and Performance of High-Speed Protocols 60
1. Introduction 60
2. Basic Protocol Mechanisms and their Properties 61
3. Performance Issues 70
4. Internetworking performance 78
5. Conclusion 79
References 80
Chapter 6. EURESCOM supporting Public Network Operators to prepare for new networks and services 82
Abstract 82
Introduction 82
EURESCOM, the joint undertaking 84
Network and services evolution visions 86
Current focal points in the work of EURESCOM 90
Conclusions 91
Part IV: Standardisation 92
Chapter 7. Activities on traffic engineering for B-ISDN in CCITT, SG II 92
Abstract 92
1. INTRODUCTION 92
2. TRAFFIC MODELING 93
3. ALGORITHMS FOR TRAFFIC CONTROLS 98
4. TRAFFIC RELATED NETWORK PERFORMANCE 100
5. DIMENSIONING METHODS 100
6. TRAFFIC MEASUREMENTS 102
7. CONCLUSIONS 103
REFERENCES 103
Chapter 8. Standardisation of B-ISDN 104
Abstract 104
1. HISTORY 104
2. STRUCTURE 105
3. STATUS 105
4. ONGOING WORK IN ETSI/NA5 107
5. CONCLUSION 108
REFERENCES 108
Part V: Developments in Japan and USA 110
Chapter 9. An Evolving Scenario of Communication Network towards B-ISDN 110
1. INTRODUCTION 110
2. BASIC COMPONENTS OF BROADBAND ISDN 111
3. INVESTMENT FOR BROADBAND ISDN 113
4. APPLICATION OF ATM SWITCHING TECHNOLOGY 117
5. B-ISDN AND PUBLIC INVESTMENT 118
6. B-ISDN PRICE STRUCTURE 119
7. CONCLUSION 119
REFERENCES 120
Chapter 10. Tools and Methodologies for High Speed Network Design 122
Abstract 122
1. INTRODUCTION 122
2. VISTAnet APPLICATION 123
3. TRAFFIC CHARACTERIZATION 124
4. TRAFFIC POLICING 126
5. ATM ADAPTATION LAYER 128
6. PROTOCOL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 129
7. CONCLUSIONS 132
REFERENCES 132
Part VI: Supplier Strategies 134
Chapter 11. INTELLIGENT LAN CONCENTRATORS EVOLUTION TO ATM 134
Abstract 134
INTRODUCTION - THE EARLY LANS 134
TOPOLOGY MANAGEMENT AND COST OF OWNERSHIP 136
ENVIRONMENT AND TECHNOLOGY EVOLUTION 138
DRIVERS OF ATM LANS 140
ATM AS A LAN TECHNOLOGY 141
ATM FORUM CONTRIBUTIONS 142
ATM ROLL OUT 143
CONCLUSION 144
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 145
REFERENCES 145
Chapter 12. Network concepts and Siemens products for ATM-based public networks 146
Abstract 146
1. THE CURRENT SITUATION CONCERNING ATM 146
2. THE ATM MARKET AS SEEN BY A PUBLIC NETWORK EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER 148
3. SHORT AND MEDIUM TERM PRODUCT REQUIREMENTS 148
4. SIEMENS' ATM PROJECTS AND PRODUCTS 151
5. ATM NETWORK AND PRODUCT EVOLUTION 152
6. CONCLUSION 153
Chapter 13. Business Applications - Supplier's Strategy 154
ABSTRACT 154
1. INTRODUCTION 154
2. TRENDS IN BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS 155
3. MARKET STRUCTURE 157
4. ERICSSON POSITION 158
5. NETWORK SOLUTIONS 161
6. CONCLUSIONS 165
Part VII: New Services 166
Chapter 14. New IBC Services in support of the border crossing trade in the European Community 166
Abstract 166
INTRODUCTION 167
1. EUROPE 1993: AN OPPORTUNITY FOR MULTINATIONAL TRADE 167
2. IBC SERVICES IN SUPPORT OF MULTINATIONAL TRADE, OVERVIEW 168
3. REQUIREMENTS AND USE OF INFORMATION SERVICES FOR TRADE BY SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZE COMPANIES 170
4. USE OF EDI BY MEDIUM AND SMALL SIZE COMPANIES 171
5. OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROVIDERS OF TRADE RELATED VALUE ADDED SERVICES 172
6. DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS FOR IBC SERVICES FOR TRADE 173
7. OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROMOTION PROGRAMMES BY THE CEC 174
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 175
BIBLIOGRAPHY 175
Chapter 15. Economic Implications of Introduction of new Telecommunication Services 178
1. INTRODUCTION 178
2. BACKGROUND 178
3. TWO DIFFERENT KINDS OF IMPACT 179
4. THE COSTS OF IBCN 180
5. BENEFITS OF IBCN 181
6. CONCLUSION 188
REFERENCES 190
Part VIII: Architecture 192
Chapter 16. FRAME SYNCHRONIZED RING 192
ABSTRACT 192
1 INTRODUCTION 192
2 FRAME SYNCHRONIZED RING 193
3 OPERATION OF THE FSR-BUS 195
4 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS 197
5 PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS 199
6 CONCLUSIONS 203
REFERENCES 203
Chapter 17. The DYCE Concept - Architecture & Implementation Strategies
ABSTRACT 204
1. INTRODUCTION 204
2. THE DYCE CONCEPT 206
3. ACHIEVING HIGH PERFORMANCE USING PROTOCOL INHERENT PARALLELISM 211
4. CONCLUSISION 214
REFERENCES 214
Chapter 18. An Experimental Architecture Supporting Multimedia Applications on Broadband Networks 216
Abstract 216
1. Introduction 216
2. The Multimedia Application 217
3. The Experimental Environment. 218
4. The Software Architecture 222
5. Conclusions 226
References 227
Part IX: Connection Acceptance Control 228
Chapter 19. The poor gain from Statistical Multiplexing in the homogeneous and the heterogeneous case 228
Abstract 228
1. INTRODUCTION 228
2. BURST LEVEL MODEL WITHOUT BUFFER 229
3. JUSTIFICATION 232
4. NUMERICAL RESULTS 233
5. CONCLUSIONS 236
REFERENCES 238
Chapter 20. An Effective-Rate Enforcement Algorithm for ATM Traffic and its Hardware Implementation 240
Abstract 240
1. INTRODUCTION 240
2. DEFINITION AND PROPERTIES OF THE ER 241
3. EFFECTIVE RATE ENFORCEMENT THROUGH CELL RATE CONTROL 243
5. ARCHITECTURE OF THE SHAPING UNIT 250
6. VLSI IMPLEMENTATION 253
7. CONCLUSION 254
REFERENCES 254
Chapter 21. Effective bandwidths with different quality of service requirements 256
Abstract 256
1. INTRODUCTION TO EFFECTIVE BANDWIDTHS 256
2. STREAM BASED QUALITY OF SERVICE MEASURE 257
3. DIFFERENT QUALITY OF SERVICE REQUIREMENTS 261
4. NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION 263
5. CONCLUSIONS 266
Acknowledgements 267
REFERENCES 267
Part X: Usage Parameter Control 268
Chapter 22. Equivalence of policing mechanisms 268
1. Introduction 268
2. Definitions and basic descriptions 268
3. The main result 270
4. Peak cell rate policing 271
5. Conclusion 274
References 274
Chapter 23. A Flow Management Architecture for B-ISDN 276
Abstract 276
1. INTRODUCTION 276
2. FLOW MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS 277
3. SOME ARCHITECTUAL ISSUES 277
4. A FLOW PARADIGM 278
5. TRANSPORT SYSTEM FLOW MANAGEMENT 281
6. ATM SYSTEM FLOW MANAGEMENT 282
7. A DISCUSSION OF STRETCHING INTERVALS 284
8. ON THE SPACING VALIDITY 287
9. CONCLUSIONS 287
Acknowledgements 288
REFERENCES 288
Part XI: Test Equipments 290
Chapter 24. TRAFFIC MEASUREMENTS AND TEST EQUIPMENT IN BATMAN 290
1. INTRODUCTION 290
2. THE BATMAN NETWORK 292
3. MEASUREMENTS IN THE SWITCH NODES 293
4. TEST GENERATOR AND ANALYSER 296
5. SUMMARY 300
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 301
REFERENCES 301
Chapter 25. The Synthesized Traffic Generator Objectives, design and capabilities
Abstract 302
1 INTRODUCTION 302
2 SOURCE MODELLING 303
3 DESIGN 309
4 GENERATOR CAPABILITIES 313
5 INTENDED USE OF THE GENERATOR 315
6 CONCLUDING REMARKS 316
Acknowledgements 316
References 317
Chapter 26. Measurement Techniques and Equipment for B-ISDN 318
Abstract 318
1. Introduction 318
2. Requirements for Broadband Tests 319
3. Testing 320
4. Conclusions 325
5. References 326
Part XII: Sgnalling and Intelligent Networks 328
Chapter 27. B-ISDN Signalling and Intelligent Networks how two worlds can come together
ABSTRACT 328
1. INTRODUCTION 328
2. FUNCTIONAL MODEL FOR N-ISDN SIGNALLING 329
3. INTELLIGENT NETWORKS 330
4. B-ISDN TARGET SIGNALLING 331
5. COMPARISON BETWEEN IN AND B-ISDN FUNCTIONAL MODEL 333
6. CONCLUSION 336
Acknowledgement 337
References 338
Chapter 28. Compatibility aspects of B-ISDN signalling 340
ABSTRACT 340
1. INTRODUCTION 340
2. WHERE DO WE START? 341
3. B-ISDN SIGNALLING REQUIREMENTS 342
4. B-ISDN SIGNALLING RELEASES. 343
5. COMPATIBILITY ASPECTS 347
6. CONCLUSIONS 350
References 351
Chapter 29. TIMER HANDLING IN HlGH-PERFORMANCE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 352
Abstract 352
1. Motivation 352
2. Congestion 353
3. Multicasting and Concentration 359
4. Conclusion and Further Work 363
References 363
Part XIII: Traffic Characterization 364
Chapter 30. On the Limit Behaviour of the ATM Traffic within a Network 364
Abstract 364
1. INTRODUCTION 364
2. PRECEDING STUDIES 365
3. THE MODEL 366
4. THE INTERDEPARTURE DISTRIBUTION 369
5. NUMERICAL RESULTS 371
6. REMARKS 373
7. CONCLUSIONS 374
REFERENCES 375
Chapter 31. Time dependent behaviour and large deviations analysis for a virtual path in a B-ISDN 376
1. INTRODUCTION 376
2. LARGE DEVIATIONS FOR PROCESSES 377
3. THE VIRTUAL PATH MODEL AND LARGE DEVIATIONS ANALYSIS 382
4. CONCLUSION 386
REFERENCES 387
Chapter 32. On the broadening of cell bursts in an ATM network 388
1. INTRODUCTION 388
2. THE PHENOMENON OF BURST BROADENING 389
3. BROADENING OF THE LEADING EDGE: AN EXACT ANALYSIS 390
4. NUMERICAL RESULTS 392
5. Concluding remarks 393
REFERENCES 396
Part XIV: Analysis of ATM Switching 398
Chapter 33. Analysis of ATM Switching Modules with Channel Grouping in a Bursty–Source Environment 398
ABSTRACT 398
1. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 398
2. DERIVATION OF THE SYSTEM EQUATION 400
3. SOLVING THE FUNCTIONAL EQUATION 401
4. CALCULATION OF THE pi(j)'s 404
5. PERFORMANCE MEASURES OF THE SYSTEM CONTENTS 405
6. NUMERICAL RESULTS 407
7. CONCLUSIONS 409
REFERENCES 409
Chapter 34. A Refined Approximation of a Finite Capacity Polling System under ATM Bursty Arrivals 410
Abstract 410
1 INTRODUCTION 410
2 MODEL DESCRIPTION 412
3 AGGREGATE QUEUE LENGTH DISTRIBUTION 413
4 MULTIPLE URN MODEL 415
5 REFINEMENT OF THE APPROXIMATION 415
6 NUMERICAL RESULTS 419
7 CONCLUSION 419
REFERENCES 420
Chapter 35. AN INFORMATION MODEL FOR THE QOS MONITORING OF AN ATM SWITCH:From Analysis to Implementation 422
Abstract 422
1. Introduction 422
2. Functions of the switch 423
3. Quality of service 425
4. The information Model 426
5. Implementation 430
6. Conclusion 431
References 433
Part XV: Inter-working 434
Chapter 36. High speed data services for LAN interconnection in Norway 434
Abstract 434
1. INTRODUCTION 434
2. LAN, BRIDGES AND ROUTERS 435
3. STUDY AMONG NORWEGIAN LAN-EQUIPMENT VENDORS 436
4. STUDY AMONG NORWEGIAN COMPANIES 437
5. USE OF DATA SERVICES OFFERED BY NORWEGIAN TELECOM 440
6. PLANNING OF NEW DATA SERVICES 441
References 442
Chapter 37. Buffering and Packet Loss in the DQDB to ATM Interworking Unit 444
Abstract 444
1. INTRODUCTION 444
2. MODEL NETWORK 445
3. SHAPING FUNCTION 446
4. REDUCTION OF PACKET LOSS RATE 449
CONCLUSION 454
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 455
REFERENCES 455
Chapter 38. ATM - N-ISDN 2 Mbit/s Interworking Unit 456
Abstract 456
1. INTRODUCTION 456
2. INTERWORKING SCENARIOS BETWEEN B-ISDN AND N-ISDN 457
3. FUNCTIONALITY OF THE IWU 461
4. IWU PROTOCOL REFERENCE MODEL 463
5. SYSTEM STRUCTURE OF THE 2 MBIT/S IWU 465
6. SYNCHRONISATION 466
7. CONCLUSIONS 467
REFERENCES 467